英语教学论复习要点(名词解释、简答)

1、Making inferenceIt means reading between the lines, which is an important reading skill. It requires the reader to use background knowledge in order to infer the implied meaning of the author. Task (in classroom activity)A task is an activity which requires learners to arrive at an outcome from give

2、n information through some process of thought, and which allows teachers to control and regulate that process. Communicative ApproachCommunicative Approach is a new method for teaching English compared with other ones. It is developed on the base of Functional approach. It pays emphasis on real lang

3、uage communication in language teaching. With communicative approach, teachers would try to use authentic language materials, to create real situation in daily life, to make use of information gap and task-based activity to develop students communicative competence. The connotation（含义）of culture in

4、foreign language teaching(in the National English Curriculum) A language has rich cultural connotations. In foreign language teaching, culture means the history and geography, local conditions and customs, traditional conventions, life styles and modes, literary and arts, norms of the conduct and va

5、lues, etc. of the country whose language is learnt.The following categories about the countries taking the target language as their native language:Communicative CompetenceCommunicative competence entails knowing not only the language code or the form of language, but also what to say to whom and ho

6、w to say it appropriately in any given situation. Communicative competence includes knowledge of what to say, whom, how, where, and to whom.Task-based activityTask-based activity is a kind of classroom activity often used in communicative method language teaching. After the teacher assigns a certain

7、 task and the students try to get some information to finish the task through communicating with their classmates. The students learn the language while using the language in the process of communication. Authentic language materialAuthentic language material refers to the sort of language material

8、the native speakers would use to each other. They are written for native speakers to read or spoken for native speakers to listen to by native speakers. It is not simplified in any way for the convenience of learners of the language. Such as English novels, poems, advertisements, films, speeches, pr

9、ograms on radio or TV, news reports, plays, etc. We advocate English teachers should use authentic language materials as teaching materials in English teaching.Communicative approachCommunicative approach is a new method for teaching English compared with other ones. It is developed on the base of F

10、unctional approach. It pays emphasis on real language communication in language teaching. With communicative approach, teachers would try to use authentic language materials, to create real situation in daily life, to make use of information gap and task-based activity to develop students communicat

11、ive competence. Information gapReal communication is often initiated because of the existence of an information gap. The speaker has got the information which the listener does not know or the speaker wants to know information the listener has got. The gap of information between the two communicator

12、s is called information gap. The purpose for people to communicate with other people is to fill the information gap. Its also an important concept in communicative approach, for information gap creates the need and the desire to have real communication. To apply information gap to language teaching

13、in classroom will be effective to develop students language skills for communication. The five objectives in the new National English Curriculum are: 1.) Language knowledge phonetics; vocabulary; grammar; function and topic2). Language skills listening; speaking; reading and writing3). Learning stra

14、tegies cognitive strategy; controlling strategy; communicative strategy and resource strategy.4). Culture awareness cultural knowledge; cultural understanding; awareness and competence of cross-cultural communication 5). Affection and attitude motivation and interest; self-confidence and strong will

15、; spirit of cooperation; consciousness of motherland and international prospectThe relationship among the five objectives and functions of each objective undertaking.Viewed from the perspective of language learning, language skills ensure the basic ability to learn the language, language knowledge f

16、orms the basis of comprehensive language, competence, students affect and attitude strongly influence their learning and development, successful learning strategies improve the effectiveness of students learning, and cultural awareness ensures students appropriate use of the language. The five teach

17、ing steps of English classroom teaching are: Classroom arrangement: - to call the students attention to the class.Reviewing and checking: -to review and check the contents learned before，and set up a bridge between the old knowledge and the new ones. Presentation: - to introduce the new materials in

18、 different ways. Practicing: - to practice and consolidate the new materials.a. Mechanical practice - form-focused practice (language structure)b. Meaningful practice - meaning-focused practice (language usage)c. Communicative practice - applying-focused practice (language application)Summing up and

19、 assignment: - to assign the students some homework to do after class. Formative assessmentSummative assessmentLanguage skillsLanguage knowledgeAffect and attitudeLearning strategiesCultural awareness Classroom interactionReceptive classroom activity Productive classroom activity Warm-up activityClassroom instruction 61Proc