2016年高考 主谓一致.ppt

1、2016年高考语法复习 主谓一致,1. “名词+and + 名词” 做主语时的谓语 2. 就近原则 3. 就“远”原则 4. 谓语动词根据of后的名词中心词确定 5. 谓语动词根据集体名词侧重点确定 6. 谓语动词总用单数 7. 谓语动词总用复数 8. 倒装句中的谓语动词 9. 表“许多” 含义的词组做主语,A young man and a girl _ (want) to go there. Milk and beef _ (be) my favorite food.,want,are,由and连接的两个单数名词或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,“名词+and + 名词” 做主语时的

2、谓语,A needle and thread _ (be) found on the floor just now. The worker and writer _(be) from Wuhan.,was,is,但and 连接的两个并列成分如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。,一套刀叉 一套连桌凳 只工作不玩耍 黄油面包 何时何地开会 早睡早起 农民诗人,a knife and fork a desk and chair all work and no play bread and butter when and where to hold the meeti

3、ng early to go to bed and early to rise the farmer and poet,No man and no animal _ (be) to be found on the moon. Every man and every woman _ (have) a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.,is,has,当each.and (each).； every.and (every).； no.and (no).； many a.and many a. 结构作主语时，谓语动词用

4、单数形式。,One and three _(make) four.,makes,数词+ and+ 数词 做主语，谓语常用单数,就近原则,Either the players or the coach _ (be) responsible for the defeat. Neither you nor I _ (be) fit for the work. _ (be) neither you nor I fit for the work? There _ (be) a pencil and some books in the drawer.,is,am,Are,由not only.but als

5、o.；either.or.； or; neither.nor.；not but; 连接的并列主语，及 there be后的并列主语，谓语动词与就近的名词或代词保持一致。,is,Tom, along with his friends, _ (run) on the sports field every afternoon. Henry，rather than Jane and John，_(be) responsible for the loss. The father as well as his three children _ (go) skating on the frozen rive

6、r every Sunday afternoon in winter. Nobody in my class but Tony and Mary _ (have) given blood.,就“远”原则,runs,is,goes,has,当主语后有as well as, along with, together with，with, rather than, but, except, besides, in addition to, like, including等构成的短语时, 其谓语动词与主语保持一致。,Fifty percent of the students in our school

7、 _ (be) girls. Threefourths of the surface of the earth _ (be) sea.,当百分数、分数后面of后加名词或代词时，要根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数形式。如果是复数名词或代词，谓语动词用复数；如果是单数名词(或不可数名词)或代词，谓语动词用单数。,are,is,谓语动词根据of后的名词中心词确定,Three of us will go; the rest _(be) to stay here. A lot of work _ (be) to be done to prepare for the conference. Th

8、e majority of work _ (have) been done with the hammer.,are,is,has,“half / most / part /the rest / the majority / some / a lot / lots / plenty/of名词”作主语，谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致。如果of后面的名词是单数或不可数名词，则用单数；如果of后面的名词表示复数，则用复数。,Half of the apples _ (have) been eaten. Half of the apple _ (have) been eaten.,have,

9、has,Those who _ (want) to go should sign your names here. Anybody who _ (arrive) last must pay for the meal.,who, which, that 引导定语从句做主语时，定语从句的谓语取决于先行词。,want,arrives,He is one of the students who _ (have) handed in homework. He is the only student who _ (have) handed in homework. He is the (only) one

10、 of the students who _ (have) handed in homework.,have,has,has,在定语从句中，one of +复数名词+定语从句，从句中 谓语动词用复数；the only+单数名词+定语从句，从句 中谓语动词用单数；the only one of +复数名词+定语 从句，从句中谓语动词用单数。,比较： One of the students _ (have) handed in homework.,has,All _ (be) well that ends well. All _ (be) eager to reach an agreement.,

11、are,is,all作主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数；表示物时，谓语动词用单数。,The population of China _ (be) very large and 80% of the population _ (live) in rural areas.,is,live,集体名词class，family，army，team，club， population，enemy，party，crowd，crew， audience，government, group等作主语， 强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数。,谓语动词根据侧重点确定,Every means _ (have) been trie

12、d to solve the problem. There _ (be) various means of communicating with a stranger.,has,are,单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语形式要根据其 具体含义而定，看表示单数还是复数。这类词有： means，works，deer，fish，sheep等,The kind of paper _ (be) made of straw. This kind of flowers _ (sell) well. Some kinds of animals _ (be) dying out.,“kind，sort，pair，t

13、ype of名词”作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。,is,sells,are,但是：Flowers of this kind _ (sell) well.,sell,Neither of us _ (have) gone through regular training. Nobody _ (want) to go there，does he? Something _ (have) been done to end the strike.,has,wants,has,谓语动词总用单数,不定代词each, another, the other, either, neither和由some,

14、any, no, everyone, body或thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,但是：比较 Each of us _ (have) an opportunity. We each _ (have) an opportunity.,has,have,each做主语，谓语用单数。each做主语同位语，谓语用复数。,Eight hours of sleep _ (be) enough. Ten pounds _ (be) paid for the meal yesterday. Twenty miles _(be) not a long distance.,is,was,

15、is,表示时间、距离、金额、重量、计量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。,It is I who _ to blame. Is it he, rather than you, that _ (have) done it?,am,has,强调句中be动词一般用单数is/ was,如果被强调部分是主语，that/ who后面的谓语根据被强调部分确定。,What caused the accident _ (remain) a complete mystery. To learn English well _ (seem) difficult. That it keeps r

16、aining cats and dogs _ (worry) the tourists. Looking good _ (be) important for an actress.,主语从句、动词不定式、ing形式作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。,remains,seems,worries,is,比较：What I need _ (be) two tickets. What I need _ (be) a ticket.,如果以what从句作主语，表语又是单数，主句的谓语动词一般用单数；如果表语是复数，主句的谓语动词一般用复数。,are,is,Many a person _ (have) tha

17、t kind of opportunity. More than one girl _ (be) to go for it.,has,is,many a, more than one单数名词构成的短语，尽管意义上是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。,The number of mistakes _ (be) surprising.,is,the number of.(的数目)作主语时，谓语动词用单数.,One of the buildings _ (destroy) in the earthquake last year.,was destroyed,one of + 复数名词 做主语时，谓语用单

18、数。,Table tennis _ (be) played by almost everyone in China. Physics _ (be) my favorite subject. The United Nations _ (be) an organization that has more than 200 members.,is,is,is,形式上为复数的不可数名词如news，以ics 结尾的学科名称如physics, mathematics, politics economics， 国名如the United States，报纸名如the New Times，书名如Arabian

19、 Nights天方夜谭，运动名如tennis, table tennis，以及the United Nations（联合国）等作主语，谓语用单数。,The police _ (be) investigating the crime. The cattle _ (be) fond of this grassland.,谓语动词总用复数,are,are,police, cattle, people 等有生命的集体名词没有单数形式，只有复数形式，谓语用复数。,The Olympic Games _ (be) held every four years.,are,the Olympic Games做主

20、语，谓语用复数,The injured here _ (be) very well cared for. The rich _ (be) getting richer.,are,are,the +adj / done 做主语时，表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。,英语中有一些由两个部分组成的物体名称通常是以-s结尾，如scissors(剪子)，glasses(眼镜)，shorts (短裤)，trousers(裤子)，pants (短裤), shoes，suspenders(吊裤带)等。这一类名词，如果不带一把、一副、一条等单位词而单独使用，通常作复数。,The glasses _ (be) miss

21、ing. The trousers _ (not) fit me.,are,dont,但是： One pair of scissors _ (be) not enough. Two pairs of scissors _ (be) not enough.,is,如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单、复数形式决定动词的单、复数形式。,are,The Chinese _ (hate) wars. The Japanese _ (be) polite.,English, Chinese, Japanese，French 等和the连用表示复数意义，谓语用复数。,hate,are,The Greens _ (be) going to make a trip to London.,are,“the +姓氏复数“ 表示一家人，谓语用复数。,Between t