初中英语语法动词八种时态详解

1、.初中英语八种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容， 广大初中学生在实际运用时， 往往对时态问题倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。一、一般现在时（一）定义表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。例： iget up at 6:30 in the morning .she is at home .(二)构成主要用动词原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，在动词词尾加s/es。(三)句型1、肯定句：主语 +谓语 +其他。she reads english everyday .2、否定句：主语 +dont/doesnt+谓语 +其他。he doe

2、sntget up at 6:30 in the morning .3、一般疑问句： do/does+主语 +v 原 +其他？do you like english ?yes ,i do ./no, i dont.4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语 +v 原+其他？what time do you get up every morning ?where does your father work ?（三）用法1、表示经常性或习惯性的动作， 或存在的状态， 带与表示频率的时间状语如：often , sometimes , usually，always , everydayyear，

3、month） , once/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on sundays等连用。i leave home for school at seven every morning .2、表示客观真理，科学事实、格言警句。the sun rises in the east日.出东方。the earth goes around the sun地.球绕着太阳转。ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。light travels faster than sound 光.的速度比声音的速度快。the united stat

4、es lies by the west coast of the pacific ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。3、根据英文语法规定， 当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时， 那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。if you come this afternoon,well have a meeting .4、仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了 描述现阶段的动作或状态 ，其重点 不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态 。例如：he

5、can speak five foreign languages他.能说五种外语。that is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。changjiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。;.she majors in music 她.主修音乐。all my family love football . 我全家人都喜欢足球。my sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。（四）动词第三人称单数形式变化规则1、一般情况下，动词后

6、直接加-s;如： help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives等。2、以 s，x，ch， sh 或 o 结尾的动词，在词尾加 -es;如： dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。3、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，把y 变为 i，再加 -es;如： study-studies,fly-flies,carry-carries等。4、动词 have 遇在主语是第三人称单数时，have 改为 has ，如： he has an interesting book .5、动词 be 遇有主语是第一人称单数时

7、， be 改为 am ，遇有主语是第二人称时， be 改为 are ，遇有主语是第三人称单数时， be 改为 is一般现在时练习题1）用动词的适当形式填空1.ilike _ (swim).2.he _(read) english everyday.3.we _(go)to school at seven in the morning.4.mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.mymother_(like) _(go) shopping.6.i can _(draw) manybeautifulpictures.7.she_(make) a m

8、odelplane.8.doyou _(like)_(run)?9.does he_(like)_(jump) ?10.does nancy_(grow)flowers on saturday ?11.the teachers_(like)_(dance).12.the teacher_(like)_(dance).13.the students_(speak) english in class.14.the student_(speak) chinese after class.15. lets_and play football . ( go )16. he_ like swimming

9、. ( not )17. im sorry _that . ( hear )18. wang bing is_ ( write ) an e-mail to his friend .19. he has_a headache . ( get )20. _you study english at school ? yes , i_. ( do )21. _your sister study english at school ? no , she_ . ( do )22. im _ better . ( feel )23. why_tom absent today ? ( be )2）用所给的人

10、称改写句子1.i take photos on sunday. ( mike);.2.we grow beautiful flowers. (she)3.they like collecting stamps. (ben)4.i listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5.you like making a model ship. (helen)6.we clean the classroom every day. (he)7.they look after the pandas. (mr wang)8.i draw a tree and some flower

11、s. (nancy)9.we go to bed at eight. ( my sister)10.i read newspapers in the evening. (mr green)3）写出下列动词的相应形式1. 第三人称单数：wash_ match _guess_ study_finish_ go_ snow_ carry_2.写出下列动词的过去式： stop_ see_ drive _let_carry_keep_ join_find_think_teach_catch_3. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式： stay_ begin_ forget_forget_lie_die_run_

12、prefer_give_ ring_ dance_ hope_ii. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1i _(write) to you as soon as i _(get) to london.2. he doeant feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning.3. he _ not _(see) me come in, for he _(read)something with great interest.4. i _(l;et) you have the book as soon as i _(finish) it.5. while we

13、 _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us.6. dont make a niose. grandpa _(sleep). 7.its seven now, tomsfamily_(watch) tv.8. it _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.9. what _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? she_(wash) clothes.10. _ it _ (rain) when school w

14、as over yesterday?11. what _(do) _ tomorrow? we _ (play) football.12. there _ (be) a football match on tv this evening.13. they said they _ (visit) the great wall the next summer holiday.14. who _ (dance) the best in your class?15. will you come if he_ (not come)?16. the teacher told us the earth _

15、(move) round the sun. 17she_ (buy) a sweater yesterday.18. they _ (have) a party in the garden ifit _ (not rain)tomorrow.19. i dont know if mr.wang _ (go) to shanghai tomorrow. if he _(go), i _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, because she_ (study) there.;.iii 单项选择：1.the students will go

16、 to the summer palace if it _ tomorrow.a.dontrain b. doesnt rain c. wont rain2.there _ an english film next week.a. will have b. is going to have c.is going to be d. was going to be3.the picture _ nice.a.looks b.is looked c.look d.is looking4.she _ down and soon fell asleep.a. live b. lain c. laid d

17、. lay5.they _ the office at nine yesterday morning.a. reached to b. arrivedc. went d. get to6. we shall go to shanghai on business before you _ back next week. a. wil come b. came c. would come d. come7. dont smoke until the plane _ off. a.takes b.took c.was taken d.istake8. i saw her _ the room thi

18、s morning.a.to enter b. entered c. enter d.enters9.the teacher asked us _ to school on time. a. to come b.coming c.comed.comes10. john is always _ others.a. help b. helping c. helps d. to help11. he told us _ at eight.a. working b. to work c. work d.worked12. youd better _ at home and _ your homewor

19、k. a. to stay, do b. stay, do c. to stay, to do d. stay, to do13.he sat down _ a rest.a. having b. have c. to have d. had14.uncle wang knows _ a washing machine.a. how to make b. to make c. how making d. what to make15. jim decided _ polly to ling feng when he was back to england. a. to leave b. lef

20、t c. leaving d. leave二、一般过去时（一）结构一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。基本结构否定句一般疑问句be 动词was/ were+notwas 或 were 提前，放于句首行为动词didn t+do（动词原形）did+ 主语 +do（动词原形）注：在一般过去时的句子中，谓语动词可分为两类一类是be 动词，其形式为 was 与第一、三人称单数连用， were 与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。凡是由 be 动词做谓语的句子，变否定句时，直接在其后加 not,即 wasnt 或 werent，变一般疑问句将 was/ were 放在句首，句末用问号。另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充

21、当，如 stayedwentvisited 等,这一类动词做谓语时，可与任何人称连用，句子变否定时，要在主语后面，动词的前面加 didnt，动词用原形；一般疑问句是把 did 提到句首，动词用原形。i was in shanghai last year .i wasntin shanghai last year .;.was you in shanghai last year ?he went to the park yesterday .he didntgo to the park yesterday ?did he go to the park yesterday ?（二）句式1、肯定句：

22、主 + 去式 +其他。i was in beijing yesterday .i went to the beach yesterday .2、否定句：主 +wasnt 或 werent+其他。主 +didnt+ v 原 +其他。i wasntin beijing yesterday .i didntgo to the beach yesterday .3、一般疑 句： was/ were+主 +v 原+其他？did +主 +v 原+其他？were you in beijing yesterday ?did you go to the beach yesterday ?4、特殊疑 句：特殊疑

23、+ was/ were+主 +其他？特殊疑 +did+主 +v 原+其他？where were you yesterday ?where did yougo yesterday ?（三）用法1、表示 去某一 刻或某一段 里所 生的 作或情况， 常与明确的 状 用，如： yesterday,last week(month , year),ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of,in 1980 等 用。如：at the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano .2、表示 去 常 生或反复 生的

24、作，常与表示 度的 状 用。when i was a child ,i often play the football in the street .3、在 、条件状 从句中，常用一般 去 代替 去将来 。he said he wouldntgo if it rained .（四） 去式的 化1) 一般情况下 , 在 原形末尾加 -ed ; 如 look-looked2) 尾是字母 e 的 加 -d, 如 practice-practiced；3) 结 尾 是 “ 音 字 母 +y” 的 动 词 , 变 “ y” “ i ”再 加 ed, 如 studystudied;4) 重 读 闭 音 节

25、结 尾 , 双写 动 词 尾 的 辅 音字 母， 再 加 ed, 如 stopstopped。不 表infinitivepast tenseinfinitivepast tensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfellam iswasarewere;.beginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancould动词过去式的记忆口诀动词一般过去时 , 表示过去发生事； be 用 was 或用 were, have, has变 had；谓语动词过去

26、式 , 过去时间坐标志；一般动词加- ed, 若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单 , 主语之后 didn t添；疑问句也不难 , did 放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did, 谓语动词需还原；动词若是was, were, 否定就把not添。一般过去时练习题一、写出下列动词的过去式1 look 2. live 3. stop4. carry 5.hope6. trip 7. call 8. finish 9. want 10. are11. go12. have13. do14. e16. sayfill in the blanks.1. _ she _(sing)a song las

27、t night?2. -were there any people in the room?(作否定回答 )-_, _ _nobody.3. -_(be) they at work this morning?-yes. they _ (have)a meeting together.4. -_ joe _ (do)well in the long-distance running? -yes, he _.5. where _ tina s family_ast(go)lsummer?-they _ (go)to new york for their vacation.二、用 be 动词的适当形

28、式填空1. i _ an english teacher now.2. she _ happy yesterday.3. they _ glad to see each other last month.4. helen and nancy _ good friends.5. the little dog _ two years old this year.6. look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. there _ a sign on the chair on monday.8. today _ the second of june. yesterday _

29、 the first of june. it _childrens day. all the students _ very excited.三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. i _ (watch) a cartoon on saturday.2. her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. we _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last spring festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on sun

30、day? yes, he _.6. gao shan _ (pull) up carrots last national day holiday.;.7. i _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. what _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? she _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. it _ (be) bens birthday last friday10. 10. we all _ (have) a good time last night.11

31、. he _ (jump) high on last sports day.12. 12. helen _ (milk) a cow on friday.13. she likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday.(read)14. he _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)15. jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on sunday? no, they _.17. i _

32、 (watch) a cartoon on monday.18 we _ (go) to school on sunday.19. it _ (be) the 2nd of november yesterday. mr white _ (go) to his officeby car.20. gao shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. dont _ the house. mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. what _ you _ just now? i _ some housework. (do)23

33、. they _ (make) a kite a week ago.24. i want to _ apples. but my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)25. _ he _ the flowers this morning? yes, he _. (water)26. she _ (be) a pretty girl. look, she _ (do) chinese dances.27. the students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.28.what _ mike do on

34、 the farm? he _ cows. (milk)三、一般将来时（一）概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。there will be an english party next saturday .we will come to see you tomorrow .（二）结构1、由 will +动词原形构成，其 will 适用于各种人称，与主语连在一起时，常常缩写为 ll。变否定句时，只需在 will 后加 not，可缩写为 wont 。在疑问句中， will 需提前，构成 will+ 主语 +动词原形的结构。he will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达

35、这里。2、shall+动词原形（常用于主语为第一人称）i shall / will not be free tomorrow . 我明天没空。3、be going to+动词原形（打算、准备做某事）he is going to spend his holidays in london . 他打算在伦敦度假。（三）用法1、表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next day（ week，month，year）， this evening (weekend ), inthe future , in a few minutes ， the d

36、ay after tomorrow ,by ， soon 等连用。;.i will pay a visit to shanghai next week .i hope you wontbe late next time .2、当主句为一般现在时， 在以 after,when,while,as soon as ,if ,unless等引导的时间或条件句中，要用一般现在时表将来。ill do it better if the teacher gives me another chance .一般将来时练习题一、单项选择()1. there _ a meeting tomorrow afternoo

37、n.a. will be going tob. will going to bec. is going to bed. will goto be()2. charlie _ here next month.a. isnt workingb. doesnt workingc. isntgoing toworkingd.wont work()3. he _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.a. will be; isb. is; isc. will be; will bed. is; will be()4. there _ a dolphin sh

38、ow in the zoo tomorrow evening.a. wasb. is going to havec. will haved. is going to be() 5. -_ you _ free tomorrow? - no. i _ free the day aftertomorrow.a. are; going to; willb. are; going to be; willc. are; going to; will bed. are; going to be; will be()6. mother _ me a nice present on my next birth

39、day.a. will givesb. will givec. givesd. give()7. - shall i buy a cup of tea for you?-_. （不，不要。）a. no, you wont.b. no, you arent.c. no, please dont.d. no,please.() 8. - where is the morning paper?- i _ if for you at once.a. getb. am gettingc. to getd. will get() 9. _ a concert next saturday?a. there

40、will beb. will there bec. there can be d. there are() 10. if they come, we _ a meeting.a. haveb. will havec. hadd. would have() 11. he _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.a. givesb. gavec. will givingd. is going to giving() 12. he _ to us as soon as he gets there.a. writesb. has writtenc. wil

41、l writed. wrote() 13. he _ in three days.a. coming backb. came back c. willcome backd. isgoing tocoming back() 14. if it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.a. isnt rainb. wont rain c. doesnt raind. doesnt fine() 15. - will his parents go to see the terra cotta warriors tomorrow?- no, _ （不去） .;.a. th

42、ey willnt.b. they wont.c. they arent.d. they dont.()16.who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?a. will; gob. do; goc. will; goingd. shall; go()17.we _ the work this way next time.a. dob. will doc. going to dod. will doing()18.tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating inthe p

43、ark.a. will fly; will gob. will fly; goesc. is going to fly; will goesd. flies;will go()19.the day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.a. will watchingb. watchesc. is watchingd. is going to watch()20.there _ a birthday party this sunday.a. shall beb. will bec. shall going to bed. will going to

44、be()21.they _ an english evening next sunday.a. are havingb. are going to havec. will havingd. is going tohave()22._ you _ free next sunday?a. will; areb. will; bec. do; bed. are; be()23.he _ there at ten tomorrow morning.a. willb. isc. will bed. be()24._ your brother _ a magazine from the library?a

45、. are; going to borrowb. is; going to borrowc. will; borrowsd. are; going to borrows()25.- shall i come again tomorrow afternoon?-_ （好的） .a. yes, pleaseb. yes, youwill.c. no,please.d. no, youwont.()26.it _ the year of the horse next year.a. is going to beb. is going toc. will bed. will is()27._ open

46、 the window?a. will you pleaseb. please will youc. you pleased. do you()28.- lets go out to play football, shall we?- ok. i _.a. will comingb. be going to comec. comed. am coming()29.it _ us a long time to learn english well.a. takesb. will takec. spendsd. will spend()30.the train _ at 11.a. going to arriveb. will be arrivec. is go