演示与沟通技巧培训(ppt 80页).ppt

1、演示与沟通技巧,CONTENTS 内容,Programme纲领 Introduction介绍 Communication 沟通 Presentation演示,PROGRAMMEa two day interactive course纲领一个为期二日的参与的课程,Objectives 目标： Understand the elements of clear communication 了解在清晰的沟通中有关的因素 Develop different strategies for communicating with different types of people 用不同的策略与不同类型的人作

2、沟通,Create interesting and attention getting presentations 创造一种使人感兴趣和令人注目的方式 Overcome fear and create right atmosphere 克服害怕和制造正确的气氛 Relate to the audience and get their conviction 紧密联系听众和取得他们的信任 Inspire their audiences to take action 感激听众们采取参与的行动,Day 1 0900 to 1715 hours 第一日 0900 至 1715,Course Introd

3、uction 课程介绍0900 principles of communication 沟通的原理0930 reality and perception 真实和领会1045 types of communication 沟通和种类1130 communication strategies 沟通策略1200 Lunch午餐1230 Presentation - 1 展示11330 Presentation - 2 展示21545 Summary 摘要 1700,Day 2 0900 to 1700 hours 第一日 0900 至 1700,Presentation - 3 展示30900 Lu

4、nch午餐1230 Presentation - 4 展示41330 Review and close 回顾与总结1700 There will be short breaks at mid-mornings and mid-afternoons 在早上和下午会期间会有短暂休息,INTRODUCTION 介绍,We spend almost all our lives communicating with and relating to others. A few people are naturally good communicators but most of us have to ac

5、quire and develop those skills. It requires extensive practice to become a good speaker and influence others. 我们生活的大部分时间都耗费在与其他人的沟通上，某些人天 生就有好的沟通能力，但大多数的人要去学得和建立那些技巧， 这需要多方面的练习才能成为一个好的演说家和具有影响力的 领导。,Many good ideas were never implemented because no one ever heard about them. Similarly, many good peo

6、ple have been overlooked during their careers because no one else knew about their ideas. Their ability to communicate ideas is important within business and can make a big difference and improvement to everyones lives. 有很多好主意而从来不会实施的原因，是没有人听取意见；很 多人在他们的事业上被忽视的原因，同样也是无人知道他们的意 见。沟通技能在商业上是十分重要的，它能使一个人

7、 出类拔粹和改善每一个人的生活。,INTRODUCTION 介绍,Among the Captains of Industry and world leaders not all have had the benefits of extensive formal education and yet they have risen to the top e.g., Richard Branson(Virgin). Every leader must be able to communication well and get others to see their dreams and share

8、 their goals. Effective communication is powerful. 在著名企业的领导者和国际领导人之中，不是所有的人都经过 正统的教育而受益，现在他们得以升至最高权位，例 如理查德布莱森（维珍），每一个领导人要有良 好沟通能力才能使得他人去了解他们的梦想和分享 他们的目的。,INTRODUCTION 介绍,This course is designed to emphasize the principles, illustrate the tools and techniques and provide opportunity to practice the

9、methods outlined. It addresses 慺ear?and shows how to overcome anxiety and become a better speaker. It is your chance to join in and through participation, improve your skills when talking to large audiences. 这个课程是设计用来研究出那些原则，例证，工具和科技及提供 机会去练习所讲述的方法。它说服忧虑和呈示如何去克服焦虑及 成为一个好的演说家，它给你一个好机会，使你来参加 和通过参与，改善你

10、的技巧，在与大群观众面前讲话 时不怯场。,INTRODUCTION 介绍,COMMUNICATION沟通,Dale Carnegie called the art of communicating 搕he fundamental expression of human personality.?Author Stephen Covey calls it 搕he most important skill in life. 戴尔卡内基称交流艺术为“个人性格的基本表达”。 史蒂芬科维称之为“生活中最重要的技巧”。 Poor internal communications and poor exter

11、nal communications, handicap growth the developing of people, and the positive evolution of a quality or continuous improvement process. 内外交流的不畅对组织的成长，个人的发展，质量的改 进和连续的进步产生了很大的影响。,BARRIERS To COMMUNICATION 沟通障碍,Not being fully aware of our own assumptions, viewpoints, feelings and constructs. 不完全清楚自己

12、的设想、观点、感情和意图。 Not being fully aware of the assumptions, viewpoints, feelings and constructs of those with whom we seek to communicate. 不完全了解交流对象的设想、观点、感情和意图。 Not bringing into harmony the above. 未能成功地协调双方的设想、观点、感情和意图。,Lack of productive person-to-person contacts. 缺乏有效的人与人之间的接触。 Lack of a climate in

13、which people feel to speak up and offer suggestion and ideas. 未能制造轻松的气氛，使双方能自由地发表自己的观点和意见。 Failure to listen carefully to what others have to say before offering comments or suggestions 在加以评价和提出建议之前没有仔细听取对方的意见。,BARRIERS To COMMUNICATION 沟通障碍,BARRIERS To COMMUNICATION 沟通障碍,Failure to listen to the em

14、otional content of what others are saying 没有领会对方谈话中的感情因素。 Lack of mutual trusts, respect and confidence. 缺乏相互信赖和尊重，缺乏信任感。 Writing or speaking above the comprehension of the people with whom we are communicating. 书面和口头交流超出了对方的理解力。,Failure to evaluate the effectiveness of our communications. 对交流的有效性缺乏

15、正确的评价。 Failure to involve associates in creative type conferences and motive them contribute their ideas. 没有刺激同伴发挥其创造力，没有鼓励他们发表自己的 意见。,BARRIERS To COMMUNICATION 沟通障碍,SOME COMMON MISTAKES IN COMMUNICATION交流中常见的错误,We talk too much and listen too little. 说得太多，听得太少。（夸夸其谈） We fail to listen empatheticall

16、y. 没有投入地听取对方意见。（设身处地） We are unaware of such non-verbal communication as facial expressions, mannerism, and the like. 未能捕捉到面部表情、眼神等非语言交流信息。 （过于自信）,SOME COMMON MISTAKES IN COMMUNICATION交流中常见的错误,We assume the rest problem is one thing, when it may be something quite difference. 自以为了解真正的问题，实际不然。(刚愎自用）

17、We do not recognize the importance of the communication process. 没有认识到交流的重要性。（强权管理） We make the mistake of believing that all people behave in uniform ways, and we ignore their individuality. 错误地认为所有人的行为方式相同，忽视了交流对象的 个性。（以一概全）,SOME COMMON MISTAKES IN COMMUNICATION交流中常见的错误,We fail to realize that mos

18、t management problems can be traced to poor communication. 没有意识到大多数管理问题都是交流不畅所致。 （畅所欲言） We often forget that it is not just what we say that communicates our thoughts to others, but what we do. 忘记了交流不仅仅需要语言，不需要行动。 （口是心非）,LADDER阶梯 L = LOOK (EYE CONTACT) 看（眼神接触） A = ASK 问 D = DO NOT INTERRUPT 不打断他人 D

19、= DO NOT CHANGE THE TOPIC 不转换话题 E = EMOTION 情感 R = RESPONSE 反应,COMMUNICATION 交流,Listening 听,EAR,YOU,LEADERSHIP,HEART,EYES,UNDIVIDED ATTENTION,THE PROBLEM with LISTENING 听取意见时存在时的问题,We dont Listen with the Intent to Understand, We Listen with the Intent to Respond! 我们听取意见的动机并非理解，而是反应,IGNORE COMPLETEL

20、Y 完全漠视对方的意见,PRETEND TO LISTEN 心不在焉地听,LISTEN SELECTIVELY 有选择地听,LISTEN ATTENTIVELY 全神贯注地听,THE COMMUNICATIONS LOOP 交流环,Information 信息,Receiver 接收信息者,Sender 发出信息者,Feedback 反馈,A Key to Reducing Misunderstanding 减少误解的关键,Presentation and Communication skills,展示及沟通技巧,互 相 交 换,Communication 沟通,Communication 沟

21、 通,PURPOSE : 目的 convey information 传达讯息 make something happen 令某些事物发生,REQUIRES PLANNING 要求有计划,Processing Information 处理资讯,3 dominant approaches:,VISUAL 视觉的 like to be shown 喜欢景象的,AUDIO 听觉的 like to be told 喜欢谈论的,EMOTIONAL 感觉的 appeal to be feelings 要求有感受的,Communication 沟 通,CONSIDERATIONS 考虑： what info

22、rmation 什么资料 who intended for 谁感兴趣 intended result 预期结果 how(method) 怎样做（方法）,Communication 沟 通,AIM to be:,purposed 有目的的 structured 有组织的 inviting 有魅力的 timely 合时宜的 user sensitive 使用者有感受的,Communication 沟 通,USE使用 facts（事实） evidence（根据） AVOID 避免 ambigulty（意义不明确） vagueness（含糊）,Communication 沟 通,Support con

23、tents with illustrations 用图解来支援内容,Communication 沟 通,Lever = to suit user 阶段 使用者适宜的 style = corporate/person 形式 团体的/个人的 apply standards 使用标准 keep it simple/brief 保持简单/简短 show courtesy/care 展示殷勤/关怀,Communication 沟 通,PRACTICE GOOD LISTENING 练习良好聆听 find area(s) of interest 找寻使感兴趣的地方 focus on content not

24、 delivery 焦点在于内容不是在传达上 keep an open mind 保持一个开放见解 delay judgment 延迟作出判断 resist distraction 抗拒令你分/烦扰的事物 be flexible 保存能变通的,Communication 沟 通,WRITING 书写 aim for definition & clarity 目标放在定义及清晰度 dont chop down trees 不要砍下树木,Communication 沟 通,AUTHOR - consider 作者 考虑 where to start & end 由哪里开始及完结 what to i

25、nclude 包括什么 what to emphasise 强调什么,Cross - cultural Communications 多种文化的沟通,observe protocols 注意外交礼仪 speak slowly 说话慢慢地 avoid jargon 避免术语 be sensitive 是有感觉的 seek common areas 寻找共合之处的 stick to script 遵守原稿,Presentation 展示,Presentation 展示,Input 输入 what 什么 when 何时 where 哪里 how long 多久 who will attend 谁会出

26、席,Information 资讯,Source 来源 business 商业上 colleagues 同事间 journals 刊物 library 图书馆 trade associations 贸易社团 news media 新闻媒介,Audience - assessment 观众 评估,what will they expect/what to you? 什么会是他们期待的/什么是你期待的？ what is their knowledge of the subject? 他们对题目有什么认识？ are their views favorable? 他们的观感是否赞同？ who are t

27、hey & the likely age range? 他们是谁及年龄范围？,do they understand the vocabulary? 他们会不会明白所用的用语？ technical or non-technical? 专业的或非专业的？ will they be open mind? 他们会不会有开放见解？ what will most get their interest? 什么最能取得他们的兴趣？ what should they remember? 什么是他们应该记得的？,Audience - assessment 观众 评估,Audience types 观众类别,bro

28、ad group 层面广阔的观众 be more informal 尽量用通俗性的/不拘礼仪 use general example 取用一般例子 select group 挑选的观众 be more technical 用专业性的用语,consider key 重视重要的 participants 参与者 aim at the decision makers 目标放在那些有决定权的人 anticipate objects 预计会有异议 anticipate questions 预计会有问题发问,Audience 观众,Planning 计划,Consider a checklist 考虑一个

29、核对表: before 要做的是之前 on the day 在当天 during 过期间 after 之后,Planning 计划,PURPOSE 目的 explain 解说 inform 通知 get conviction 取得确信 get action 取得动作反应 entertain 娱乐性,Drafting 草稿,1. writing objective 写下方针 2. note down ideas 记下观念 3. organize 组织 4. write opening 写出开场白 5. write speech 写出演讲稿 6. write conclusion 写出结果 7.

30、edit, re-write 修改，回顾,Planning 计划,Aim to get 目标取得是： Attention 注意 & Interest 和兴趣。 Also, if appropriate 加之，如果适当的： Conviction 确信 , Commitment 承诺 , Agreement 认同。,Planning 计划,Focus on one main theme 焦点在一个题目 Keep it simple, dont overload 保持其简洁，不要充填过多 Test by condensing into one minute 测试将它浓缩成一分钟！,Planning

31、计划,INTRODUCTION 引导 Say what you will tell 讲你想讲的 DEVELOPMENT 发展 Tell them - 告知他们 (3 thing 3 ways 3 times) 三件事，三种方法，三个时间 CONCLUSION 结论 Say what you told them 讲你告诉他们的 THANKS 多谢,Preparation 预备工夫,prepare early 提前准备 write it down 写下来 go over it - silently 阅读一遍不作声的 go over aloud - often 高声读出经常地 record it 录

32、音 try on family 向家人作练习,Supporting materials 支援材料,overheads 投影片 computer slides 电脑幻灯片 videos/films 录影带/影片 others 其他,Overheads 投影,keep simple 保持简单 4 - 6 dot points only 只有四至六个论点的圆点 use colour 用色 illustrate simply 简单地解释 confine to one topic 限制在一个题目 allow av. 5 mins each 每一张容许约五分钟,Overheads 投影,Font size

33、 (24pt minimum) 字体面积（最小24针）,Adopt same standards and style throughout 在整个过程中采用相同的标准和形式 Dont photocopy from normal text or A4 pages 不要从一般原文或A4纸页翻印,Rehearsal 预习,Learn the material and not the words 学习那些材料而不是文字 Memorise opening 记熟开场白 Practice using a mirror 用镜子自我练习,Anxiety 焦虑,A natural reaction 这是一个自然反

34、应 learn to control it 学习如何控制它,Anxiety 焦虑,know the topic 审阅题目 know the audience 了解听众 organise yourself 组织工作 practice & rehearse 练习及预演 focus on the topic 焦点放在题目上,Anxiety 焦虑,visualise/walk it 想像/在现场 through (from arrival) （由到达） practice with the 练习使用仪器 equipment etc. 或供应等 breathe deeply 深呼吸 tense & rel

35、ax muscles 拉紧或放松肌肉 dont hold papers or finger things 不要用手取东西 focus on audience (eyes) 焦点在观众的眼睛,外观 appearance 站立要直 stand straight 正常地呼吸 breathe deeply 练习移位 practice movement,Presentation 展示,be enthusiastic 有热诚的 establish eye contact 建立眼部接触 move around 向四处移动 be brief 保持精简 do your best 做你最好的 YOU ARE TH

36、E EXPERT 你是个专家,On arrival 在到达时,Be early 要提早 use checklist 取用核对表 room - layout, lighting, temperature, exit, reception & manning 场所：陈设、光线、温度、出路、接待处和接待人员 boards and display 展示板和陈列 pens and pointers 笔和指针 handouts, name cards 分发的印刷品、名片,Before you start 上台之前,check equipment 检查供应品 plugs and leads 插座和电源 li

37、ght switches 灯光管制 how to use 使用方法 test & set up 测试和装置 positioning 位置 back - up 支援,Delivery 演说的态度,practice being comfortable 练习到 随意的程度,dont hide 不要隐藏,use bold movements animate 用强调的动作 有活力的,make your eye contact 用眼部接触微笑,Delivery 演说的态度,talk more loudly 说话大声点 address the corners 向在角落的观众称呼 avoid monotone

38、 避免无变化地说 talk more slowly 说话缓慢点 use pauses 用暂停（间中稍作短暂停顿）,Delivery 演说的态度,To hold attention 保持注意力 ask questions 询问问题 take short breaks 采用短暂休息 vary pace 采用不同的进度 use vivid anecdotes 用生动的趣闻轶事,Av. attention span 10 mins. 一般注意力时间为10分钟。,Delivery 演说的态度,Read speech 阅读演讲稿 safest 要谨慎地 more polished 更精练的 need re

39、hearsal 需要排演的 lacks spontaneity 缺少自然感,Delivery 演说的态度,tell stories 讲述故事 use word pictures 用生动的描述字句 movement 动态 humour 幽默？ 損rops?“小道具” short (av. time 20 mins) 简短（大约时间二十分钟）,Delivery 演说的态度,Control overhead 控制幻灯展示 Dont block projection 不要挡住投影仪 feed materials one way 摆放材料从一个方向 keep tidy - you may need to

40、 refer back 保持整洁方便你再需要时用,Delivery 演说的态度,6 8 inches 68 英寸距离 Dont block face 不要阻挡脸部 speak naturally 自然地说话,dont point 不要指点 dont handle, tap or blow 不要处理，轻敲或吹动 check before use 在用之前先检查 use clip-on, if available 可以的话用夹子夹着,Credibility 可靠性,be honest 表现真诚的 understand viewpoints 明白着眼点 show you are the expert

41、 表现你是那方面的专家 use facts (not too many) 用事实（不要太多） quote authorities 引述权威的著作 raise questions 提出问题 invite questions 邀请问题,Questions 问题,anticipate 预计 What you may be asked 你可能被问及到的一些问题 prepare some to ask 准备一些问题,Questions 问题,give timely feedback 给予合时宜的回应 add interest 加些趣味性 enable reinforcement 提供帮助的物品 allow spontaneity 容许自然发生的 boost