桃花源记英文译本对比与赏析

1、.原 文译文晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业； 缘溪行，忘路之远近。林语堂戴维斯During the reignDuringtheof Taiyuan ofTailyuanChin, there wasperiod(376-396Ba fisherman ofC) of Jin, a manWuling. One dayofWuling,whohe was walkingmade his living asalong a bank.afisherman,ascendedastream,forgetfulofthedistancehe travelled.GilesDuring the reign of

2、 Tai Yuan of Tsin Dynasty, a certain fisherman of Wuling, who had followed up one of the river branches without taking note whither he was going, came suddenly upon a grove of peach-trees in full bloom, extending some distance on each bank, with not a tree of any other kind in sight.译文比较林译简单易懂，翻译得意忘

3、形；戴译表达地道，更易被目标读者所 接 受 ; Gelies 的译文摆脱原文结构的束缚，表达地道，生动形象，但部分过于脱离原文。赏析忽逢桃花林。赏析译文多为短句，简单通畅，“以捕鱼为业” 译为“ fisherman ”简练地道。“忘路之远近” 并入下一句翻译， 打破原文结构， 得意忘形。After having gone a certaindistance, he suddenly came upon a peachgrove which extended along the bank for about a hundred yards.译 者 根 据 原 文意 思 ， 增 译“ After

4、having gone a certaindistance, ”且将此句与下文 “夹岸数百步” 相合译文将“晋太元中”译为“ Duringthe Tailyuan period(376-396BC) of Jin,”较为地道，且注明时间，使读者更易理解。译文为一个较长的复合句，更符合目标读者的习惯。Suddenlyhecameuponagroveofpeachtrees in blossom.译文按照原文，将 此 句 单 独 翻译 。 用 “ in blossom ”来作后置定语修饰“agroveofpeachtrees ”， 形象 生译文亦为较长的复合句， 并将“忽逢桃花林。 夹岸数百步，中

5、无杂树” 合并于此句，一气呵成， 表明了译者的英语功底之深厚。 但“数百步”译为“ some distance ”意思不明确。“桃花林”译为“ agrove of peach-trees in full bloom ”生动形象。林译根据原文意思，使用增译技巧，且将原文句子合并，译文连贯通畅，但部分翻译与原文意思不符；戴译使用短句，且表达简练，译文生动形象，较符合语境。;.并，将“数百步”动。且较符合当译为“abouta时场景。夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷，渔人甚异之。hundred yards ”不 符 合 原 文 意思。He noticedwithTheylinedthesurp

6、rise that thebanks forseveralgrovehadahundredpaces:magiceffect, soamongthemsingularlyfreewerenootherfromthe usualkinds of tree. Theminglingoffragrant herbagebrushwood,whilwasfreshande the beautifullybeautiful;fallengrassygroundblossomlayinwascoveredprofusion.withitsrosepetals.The beauty of the scene

7、 and the exquisite perfume of the flowers filled the heart of the fisherman with surprise, as he proceeded onwards, anxious to reach the limit of this lovely grove.林译根据原文意思，部分增添句子，表达恰当，但部分误译；林译 表 达 较 为 准确； Giles 译文，上下文关系理解错误。赏析复前行，欲穷其林。译 文 颠 倒 句 子结构，增译“ thegrovehadamagic effect ”形象具体。 但此处“落英” 应指桃花瓣，

8、译为“ rosepetals ”实为不妥。He went further to explore, and when he came to the end of the grove, he saw a springwhich came from a cave in the hill.译文符合原文意思，且表达简练、准确、地道。The freshman, in extreme wonder,again went forward, wishing to go to the end of the grove.此处意思应该是渔人看到此番美景后很诧异， 遂“复前行，欲穷其林” ，其中隐含递进或因果关系， 而

9、译文用 as 连接两句， 表示并列，并没有准确表达其中的关系。林译“ explore”一词用的较好，行文简练，意思表达准确；戴译译文准确流畅。赏析此处“ explore”译文将“渔人甚用的恰到好处，异之”与下文句表 现 了 当 时 渔子合并，句子流人看到美景后，畅，意思清晰准想 要 继 续 向 前确。探 索 桃 花 林 的奥秘。且将后句合 并 ， 较 为 流;.畅，表达简练，且 “ aspringwhichcamefroma cave in林尽水源，便得一山。the hill ”表达较为详细准确。The grove endedatthestream ssource, and therehe f

10、ound a hill.He found that the peach 译文均准确地道 trees ended where thewater began, at the foot of a hill;赏析山有小口， 仿佛若有光，便舍船从口入。赏析译文地道， 准确。译文准确。HavingnoticedIn the hill was aand there he espied whatthattheresmallopeningseemed to be a cave withseemed to be afromwhichalight issuing from it.weak light in thel

11、ightseemedtocave, he tied upcome. So helefthis boat andhisboatanddecided to go inwentin throughand explore.the opening.将“舍船”译为译文较为地道，译文准确简练。“ he tied up his连词“ so”较好林译意思表达较为具体准确；戴译句子地道，行文流畅； Giles 译文简练准确。总结boat ” 较 为 准地表达了其中的确 。 又 用 了因果关系。“ explore ” 一词，意思表达的淋漓尽致。总体来说，林译对原文理解透彻，用词精确，句子通俗易懂，体现了其中英文功底

12、深厚， 但部分词译不准确； 戴译句子更为地道， 行文连贯， 用词得当， 长短句结合，读起来朗朗上口； Giles 译文不拘泥于原文， 表达地道， 但部分词及上下文关系不够精确。;.第二段原 文译文初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。赏析土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、 美池、桑竹之属，阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种，男女衣着，悉如外人；黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。林语堂戴维斯Giles译文比较AtfirsttheAt first itwasSo he made fast his boat,林译生动形象；openingwasverynarrow,and crept in through a戴译准确具体，

13、verynarrow,barelyallowing anarrowentrance,which用词精确，表达barelywidemanto pass, butshortly ushered him into a形象地道； Gilesenoughforoneas he went on fornew world of level country,此处译文与原文personto go in.sometensofof fine pools, and of不符，且句子读Afteradozenpaces,itcameluxuriance of mulberry and起来繁琐拖拉。steps, itope

14、nedout into the oafloodofair,uponlandslight.levelandwidewithhouses of astatelyappearance.“豁然开朗” 译将下句“土地平译文“ made fast his boat ”为“ it opened旷，屋舍俨然”与原文的“弃船”不符，且into a flood of与上句合并，在后面的“ a new world of levellight ”形象生动。句子中作状语，country, of fine pools, and of形容静态景物，luxuriance of mulberry a

15、nd表达地道。bamboo ”出现多个of，表达冗赘，且描写的不够形象。HesawbeforeTherefinefieldsHighways of traffic ran north此处译文戴译最his eyes a wide,andbeautifuland south;sounds of为精确、生动、level valley, withpools,clumpsofcrowingcocks andbarking形象，且译文表housesandmulberriesanddogs wereheardaround;达地道，而戴译fields and farms.bamboos.Thethe dres

16、s of the people who和 Giles 译文相Therewerefielddykespassed along or were at比较则显得生硬bamboosandintersected;work in the fields was of a平淡无味。mulberries;cocks crowed andstrangecut;whileyoungfarmersweredogsbarkedtoand old alike appeared to beworkingandeachother.Thecontented and happy.dogsandclothes ofthechick

17、ensweremen and womenrunningabout.whocameandThedresses ofwent,planted;.赏析见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来， 具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。赏析themenandandworkedwomenwereamongthemlike those of thewere entirely likeoutsideworld,those ofpeopleand the old menoutside.Theandchildrenwhite-hairedandappearedverythe childrenwithhappya

18、ndtheir hair in tuftscontented.happilyenjoyedthemselves.译文过于直白，将“其中往来种，此处译文多为被动， 与另外缺 少 形 象 具 体男女衣着，悉如两个译文相比， 则不能更好的描绘词汇， 如外人”以定语从地显示出原文所述场景的“阡陌交通， 鸡句方式表达，意形象生动。犬相闻” 直接译思明确，简练地为 “ farmers道。另外“怡然wereworking自 得”译anddogs and为happilychickenswereenjoyedrunning about ”themselves. ” 也显得平淡无味。较为贴切。TheywereWh

19、entheysawOneoftheinhabitants,greatlythefisherman,catchingsightoftheastonishedtothey were greatlyfisherman,wasgreatlyseethesurprisedandastonished;but,afterfishermanandasked fromwhatlearningwherehecame,askedhimplacehecame.insistedoncarrying himwherehehadWhenhehadhome, and killed a chickencomefrom.Thea

20、nsweredallandplacedsomewinefishermantoldtheirquestions,before him.themandwasthey invitedhiminvitedtotheirto come back tohomes,wheretheirhome,wine was servedwheretheysetand chicken wasout wine, killed akilledfordinnerchickenandtoentertainmadeameal.him.TheWhenthevillagershearingvillagers heard ofof hi

21、s coming allthis man, they allcame to see himcame to pay theirand to talk.respects.译文中“ where译文中多使用主根据原文，此处主语应为wine was served动，形象具体。“村中的人 （复数）”，而此此处译文整体来看，戴译相比较更胜一筹。;.自 云 先 世 避 秦 时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。赏析and chicken was“ 问 讯 ” 译 为killedfor dinner“ cametopaytoentertaintheir respec

22、ts ”过him ”改为主动于发挥译者的主形 式 则 更 好 。 动性。“问讯” 指打听消息，此处翻译为 “ cometotalk ”过于牵强。TheysaidthatTheytoldhimtheirancestorsthattheirhadcomehereancestors, fleeingas refugeestofrom the troublesescape fromtheduringtheQintyrannyofTsinperiodShih-huang(221BC-208BC),(builder of Greathad brought theirWall)somesixwivesand

23、hundredyearschildrenandago,andtheyneighbourstohad never left it.thisinaccessibleTheywerethusspot and had notcompletelycutgoneoutagain.offfromtheThustheyworld,andbecamecutoffasked whatwasfrompeopletherulingoutside.Theydynastynow.askedwhatTheyhadnotdynastyitwasevenheardofnow: they did notthe Han Dynas

24、tyknowthatthere(twocenturieshadbeenHanbeforetotwo(206BC-220AD),centuriesafternor of courts WeiChrist),notto(220-265AD)orspeak of the WeiJin.(thirdcenturyA.D.)andtheChin(thirdandfourthcenturies).此处“秦”的译译文 “ Qin period文 应 该 注 明 时(221BC-208BC，间，便于目标读Han(206处译文主语用单数则略微不妥。此处“问讯”译为“ turned out to see thev

25、isitor ” 也 未 明 确 表 明 。“ placed some wine beforehim”未表明款待热情之意，过于平淡。Before long, all the people of the place had turned out to see the visitor, and they informed him that their ancestors had sought refuge here, with their wives and families, from the troublous times of the house of Chin, adding that t

26、hey had thus become finally cut off from the rest of human race. They then enquired about the politics of the day, ignorant of the establishment of Han dynasty, and of course of the later dynasties which had succeeded it.译文简练地道， 但缺乏朝代时间的标注， 可能会导致目标读者对原文理解不透彻。相比较，戴译则最为地道。且朝代加注时间，避免因文化差异而造 成 的 理 解 困惑。;.者 理 解 清 晰 。 BC-220AD),nor“theHanofcourtsWeiDynasty(twocenturies beforeto two centuriesafter Christ), notto speak of theWei(thirdcenturyA.D.)andtheChin(third and fourthcentu