十、实用文体翻译(7)说明书翻译.ppt

1、,Lecture Eight,Practical Writings (5),Chapter Ten,Practical Writings (7) Instructions Translation,Contents,I. Review and homework checking II. General introduction to instructions III. Instructions translation IV. Practice of instructions translation V. Summary VI. Assignments,I. Review and homework

2、 checking,三月里刘熏宇君来信，说互生生病了，而且是没有希望的病，医生说只好等日子了。四月底在时事新报上见到立达学校的通告，想不到这么快互生就殁了！后来听说他病的光景，那实在太惨；为他想，早点去，少吃些苦头，也未尝不好的。但丢下立达这个学校，这班朋友，这班学生，他一定不甘心，不瞑目！,In March I heard from Liu Xunyu that Husheng was sick and hopelessly sick at that. The doctor said that there was nothing he could do but to wait for the

3、 day to arrive.,Toward the end of April, I came acrossan obituary issued by Lida School in the newspaper Current Affairs. How quickly the day had arrived ! Later, when I learned how he had suffered during his illness, I thought it was too miserable. From his point of view, however, his passing away

4、was not a bad thing after all, because he suffered less by going earlier.,But it must have been very hard for him to close his eyes and resign himself to the fact that he was leaving his Lida School, his friends and his students behind.,I. Review and homework checking,互生最叫我们纪念的是 他做人的态度。他本来是一副铜筋铁骨，黑皮

5、肤衬着那一套大布之衣，看去像个乡下人。他什么苦都吃得，从不晓得享用，也像乡下人。他心里那一团火，也像乡下人。那一团火是热，是力，是光。他不爱多说话，但常常微笑；那微笑是自然的，温暖的。在他看，人是可以互相爱着的，除了一些成见已深， 不愿打开窗户说亮话的。他对这些人却有些憎恶，不肯假借一点颜色。世界上只有能憎的人才能爱；爱憎没有定见，只是毫无作为的脚色。互生觉得青年成见还少，希望最大；所以愿意将自己的生命一滴不剩而献给他们，让爱的宗教在他们中间发荣滋长，让他们都走向新世界去。互生不好发议论，只埋着头干干干，是儒家的真正精神。我和他并没有深谈过，但从他的行事看来，相信我是认识他的。,What wa

6、s most memorable about was his attitude toward life.,He was as strong as a man of steel , his dark complexion set off by clothes of coarse cloth ,looking like someone from countryside.,He could withstand any hardship and never sought ease and comfort. In this respect, he was like a country man, too.

7、,Again like a countryman, he had a heart as warm as fire radiating warmth, power and light.,He was a man of few words, but all smiles. His smile was natural and friendly.,In his view, people could love each other, except those with deep prejudices and those who could not bring themselves out in the

8、open.,He hated these people, and to them he wouldnt show anything like gentleness.,In this world, only those who could hate could love. Those who did not know what to love and what to hate were useless people.,Husheng thought that young people had little prejudice but lots of future promise, so he w

9、as willing to devote his life to them without reservation, letting the religion of love grow and flourish among them so that they could all go to a new world.,Husheng was not fond of talking too much, instead, he put his mind on work, and work, and nothing but work -an embodiment of the Confucian sp

10、irit.,Though I never had a chance to talk with him very closely, I was convinced that I understood him from the way he carried himself and conducted matters.,I. Review and homework checking,互生最叫我们纪念的是 他做人的态度。他本来是一副铜筋铁骨，黑皮肤衬着那一套大布之衣，看去像个乡下人。他什么苦都吃得，从不晓得享用，也像乡下人。他心里那一团火，也像乡下人。那一团火是热，是力，是光。他不爱多说话，但常常微笑

11、；那微笑是自然的，温暖的。在他看，人是可以互相爱着的，除了一些成见已深， 不愿打开窗户说亮话的。他对这些人却有些憎恶，不肯假借一点颜色。世界上只有能憎的人才能爱；爱憎没有定见，只是毫无作为的脚色。互生觉得青年成见还少，希望最大；所以愿意将自己的生命一滴不剩而献给他们，让爱的宗教在他们中间发荣滋长，让他们都走向新世界去。互生不好发议论，只埋着头干干干，是儒家的真正精神。我和他并没有深谈过，但从他的行事看来，相信我是认识他的。,What was most memorable about was his attitude toward life.,He was as strong as a man

12、of steel , his dark complexion set off by clothes of coarse cloth ,looking like someone from countryside.,He could withstand any hardship and never sought ease and comfort. In this respect, he was like a country man, too.,Again like a countryman, he had a heart as warm as fire radiating warmth, powe

13、r and light.,He was a man of few words, but all smiles. His smile was natural and friendly.,In his view, people could love each other, except those with deep prejudices and those who could not bring themselves out in the open.,He hated these people, and to them he wouldnt show anything like gentlene

14、ss.,In this world, only those who could hate could love. Those who did not know what to love and what to hate were useless people.,I. Review and homework checking,互生办事的专心是少有人及得他。他办立达便饮食坐卧只惦着立达，再不想别的。立达好象他的情人，他的独子。他性情本有些狷介，但为了立达，也常去看一班大人先生，更常去看那些有钱可捐的老板之类。 他东补西凑地为立达筹款子，还要跑北京，跑南京。有一回他本可以留学去，但不丢下立达，到底没

15、有去。他将生命献给立达，立达也便是他的生命。他办立达这么多年，并没有让多少人知道他个人的名字，他早忘记了自己。现在他那样壮健的身子到底为立达牺牲了。他殉了自己的理想，是有意义的。只是这理想刚在萌芽；我们都该想想，立达怎样才可不死呢？立达不死，互生其实也便不死了。,Few people I knew of were as devoted as Husheng.,When he was running Lida School, all his thoughts were on the school, whatever he did.,Lida was like his lover, his onl

16、y son.,He was by nature an honest man, but for the sake of Lida, he had to go and see important people, bosses and others from whom he hoped to borrow money.,To raise funds, he had to run many places,12even asfar as Beijng and Nanjing.,Once he could have gone to study abroad, but he did not go in th

17、e end because he could not tear himself away from the school.,He had sacrificed his life for Lida and Lida had become his life too.,Though he was head for so many years, he never tried to make his name known to the public. He had forgotten about himself altogether.,Now he had worked himself to death

18、 for Lida despite his robust constitution.,He had died for his ideal- a meaningful death.,His ideal was merely beginning to bud. Now we should all think about one question: what must we do to keep Lida alive ?,If Lida is kept alive, Husheng lives on.,I. Review and homework checking,A few weeks back,

19、 I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school. Referring to stress, she heaved a big sigh and said: “Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened.” Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in t

20、hese all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system, widely regarded as too results-oriented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask. The school system of reaching for A s underlies the countrys culture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must

21、-haves. Such a culture is hard to change.,几个星期前，我问一个14岁的朋友她如何应对自己的学业。,谈到压力，她深叹了口气说：“哎呀，这儿事要多糟，有多糟。”,随后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的科学倾诉自己的苦恼。,人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制度过分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟能详的言语再次表现了对新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么还要费心一问。,追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基础，这一文化重在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就则体现在一定要获得财富和地位。,这种文化是难以改变的。,I. Review and homework c

22、hecking,So when I read of how the new Remarking Singapore Committee has set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if

23、not coupled with help from parents themselves. The new Remarking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs: cash, condos , clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future.,新加坡成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之一确定

24、为向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去从事其它职业，如艺术、体育、研究或成为企业家。当我获知此情时，我怀疑如果没有家长的配合，这方面的改造可否成功。,成立改造新加坡委员会是新加坡总理的设想，旨在帮助国家准备应付未来，使新加坡人不要只盯着钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。,I. Review and homework checking,It is good that the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losi

25、ng battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committees success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence. This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit -the family. Parents should not drown their children in mantras of

26、 I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life.,新加坡政府想针对本国物质成功为先的理念采取行动，这是件好事。,但如果没有家庭单位的参与，这种行动将会是一场失败之战，因为我认为只有彻底改变独立37年来形成的一种整体文化，改造新加坡委员会才能取得成功。,而这种改变必须始于最基本的社会单位-家庭。,家长们不应当使孩子禁锢于“我要得100分”的约束。

27、,学科的课程决定不了生活中的失败。一篇中文论文得70分绝不意味着生活无望。,I. Review and homework checking,If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass. In fact,

28、 it is educational because Orion is up there in night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give directions to the lost traveler, I will say. And who knows, my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because

29、of nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky. Thats my point. Parents should teach their children that theres more to life than studies. Better still if the nations leaders echo that idea as well.,如果有朝一日我成为家长，我要带我的孩子去露营，向他们演示用军用饭盒在篝火上煮饭是一种乐趣，告诉他们躺在草地上的睡袋里一点也不脏。,实际上，这是有教育意义的，因为猎户星座与其它明

30、亮的星星高挂夜空，它们的形态和图案诉说的不仅仅是一个神话。,例如，我认为它们可以为迷路的旅行人指引方向。,说不定我的孩子可能会在数年后成为一个天文学家，而这一切则源于我与他一起在夜晚观察空中闪烁的星星。,这就是我的观点。家长应该教育自己的孩子，生活中除了学业外还有更丰富的内容。 如果国家领导人也认同那种观点就更好了。,I. Review and homework checking,This way, when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo, they wont feel like they are fighting a lo

31、sing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe. However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remarking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the r

32、ight kind of education. It is now wait-and-see if , say, 10 years down the road, more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully, by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams.,由此，当孩子们渴望成为另一个样玮玲（ JOSCELIN YUO ）时，他们就不会感到，在面对一个敬畏医生和律师的社会时，他们要进

33、行一场失败之战。,然而，这种呵护经济成就感的文化根深蒂固，许多家长的思想倾向也是如此。,但家长们可以从改造新加坡委员会那里得到启示，意识到给予自己孩子正确的教育。,但家长们可以从改造新加坡委员会那里得到启示，意识到给予自己孩子正确的教育。,咱们现在拭目以待，也许10年后，更多的人将选择其它职业。咱们现在拭目以待，也许10年后，更多的人将选择其它职业。,希望到那时，没人会认为运动员或音乐家在追求梦想时作出了太过巨大的牺牲。,II. General Introduction to Instructions,1. 说明书的功能和作用 1） 解释说明作用： 每一个环节和注意事项 2） 广告宣传作用：

34、激发购买欲望，促销 3） 传播知识的作用： 产品的工作原理、主要的技术参数、 零件的组成等,II. General Introduction to Instructions,2. 说明书的特点： 1） 句子结构简略： 祈使句，复合名词和名词、动词、形容词 2） 语言表达客观精确： 内容客观真实， 语言通俗易懂 3）条式性风格突出： 内容较多，一般采用条式性排列 4）字体和版面设计独具特色： 特殊字体和版面模式,II. General Introduction to Instructions,2. 说明书的特点： 马兰拉面源于中国北方传统面食手工拉面，因其营养丰富，风味独特，经济实惠，清淡快捷而

35、深受消费者喜爱，具有广泛的消费基础。 中国蓝星化学清洗总公司自八十年代起就开始从事手工拉面的快餐化研究，引进专业人才，从原料选定、营养配方、工艺改造、设备设计、店面管理、连锁推广、物流配送、CIS设计等方面进行科研开发， 1993年开始建店实验。 1995年，马兰拉面快餐连锁有限责任公司成立。在中国传统饮食文化的基础上，借鉴了现代快餐简捷、明快的风格，形成了中国传统餐饮与现代快餐相结合的中式快餐模式。在中式餐饮的标准化、工业化、连锁化方面取得了重大突破，从民间小吃走向快餐企业，从作坊加工走向工业化生产，截止2002年底，在全国建立连锁店436家，其中北京76家。,Malan Hand-pull

36、ed Noodle originated from the traditional hand-pulled noodle of North China. As it is rich in nutrition, unique in flavor, inexpensive and practical，fresh and instant, it is much liked by consumers and has a great market.,China Blue Star Chemical Cleaning General Company began its research on the to

37、pic of turning the hand-pulled noodle to a fast food, as early as the 1980s.,By introducing professionals, it carried out science and technology research and development in many aspects such as selection of the materials, nutrition formulation, technological transformation, facility design, storefro

38、nt management, chain popularization, logistics distribution, CIS design and so on. In 1993, it began to set up a trial restaurant.,II. General Introduction to Instructions,2. 说明书的特点： 1995年，马兰拉面快餐连锁有限责任公司成立。在中国传统饮食文化的基础上，借鉴了现代快餐简捷、明快的风格，形成了中国传统餐饮与现代快餐相结合的中式快餐模式。在中式餐饮的标准化、工业化、连锁化方面取得了重大突破，从民间小吃走向快餐企业，

39、从作坊加工走向工业化生产，截止2002年底，在全国建立连锁店436家，其中北京76家。,In 1995，Malan Hand-pulled Noodle Fast-food Chain Co., Ltd. came into existence.,On the foundation of Chinese traditional cooking culture，it has borrowed ideas from the simple and easy style of modern fast food, and formed a Chinese-styled fast-food model c

40、haracterized by a combination between traditional Chinese food service and modern fast-food industry.,We have made great breakthroughs in the standardization, industrialization and chain operation of Chinese-styled food service: from the folk snack to the fast-food enterprise, from mill-scaled proce

41、ssing to commercial process. Up till the end of 2002, we had built 436 chain restaurants over the whole country, including 76 in Beijing.,II. General Introduction to Instructions,2. 说明书的特点： 1999年底，马兰拉面第一家海外连锁店在美国洛杉机开业，标志着中式快餐迈出了跨国经营的战略；2001年8月，马兰公司董事长与法国凯宾斯基总裁签署了在法国巴黎开办3家连锁店的合作协议，马兰拉面顺利进军欧洲；2003年4月马

42、兰新加坡店开业。,At the end of 1999，the first overseas chain store of Malan Hand-pulled Noodle opened business in Los Angeles, U.S.A, marking the beginning of the multinational operation strategy of Chinese-styled fast-food industry.,In August 2001, chairman of the board of Malan Company and President Kebin

43、skie of a French company signed a cooperation agreement to open three chain restaurants in Paris, France. Thus, Malan Hand-pulled Noodle has marched into Europe.,In April 2003, Singapore Branch of Malan Hand-pulled Noodle Chain restaurants opened business.,II. General Introduction to Instructions,2.

44、 说明书的特点： 1999年，北京世纪亚太信息公司进行的市场调研显示，马兰拉面在北京的知名度仅次于麦当劳、肯德基，位居连锁快餐排名之三。在第三、四、五、六届全国中式快餐研讨会上，马兰拉面受到了国内贸易局领导和与会者的高度肯定，被认为是国内连锁店最多的中式快餐、有可能最先走出来的中式快餐。 2000年11月，经中国连锁经营协会首次在全国组织的权威调查统计及专家评选，“马兰拉面”被评为全国特许经营优秀品牌之一，是中国餐饮业发展中式快餐最成功的企业之一。,In 1999，according to the market research carried out by Beijing Asia Paci

45、fic Information Firm, Malan Hand-pulled Noodle ranked only next to McDonalds and KFC, being the third in fast-food chain restaurants；,at the third, fourth, fifth and sixth national proseminars on Chinese-styled fast food，Malan Hand-pulled Noodle was highly regarded by the leaders of the domestic tra

46、de bureau and all the participants of the meetings, being praised as the Chinese-styled fast food with the most domestic chain restaurants, possible to be the first Chinese-styled fast food to come out to the world.,In November 2000，in the first nation-wide authoritative survey and public appraisal

47、sponsored by China Association of Chain Store Management, Malan Hand-pulled Noodle was regard as one of the excellent brands of franchise operation of the country, being one of the most successful enterprises in Chinese-styled fast food.,II. General Introduction to Instructions,3. 说明书的构成和类型 说明书的构成:

48、1) 产品的特征、功能和主要成分（结构） 2) 安装或者使用（操作、实用）的方法 3) 注意事项 4) 主要性能指标及规格,II. General Introduction to Instructions,3. 说明书的构成和类型 说明书的类型：（分类依据：功能和用途） 1) 使用说明书： 产品的品名与规格、功能与结构、成分与构成、使用方法、储 存方式以及有效期限、注意事项 2) 安装操作说明书： 机械、器具等产品:结构原理、安装使用和操作的方法步骤等。 机械电子产品和电器:产品的技术参数、功能特点、 操作方法和步骤以及注意事项 3) 戏剧演出说明书： 介绍戏剧、影视的主要故事情节，同时也是为

49、了向 观众推荐该影视剧。演职员的介绍、节目的介绍,III. Translation of Introductions,1. 注意语言的可读性与感染力,Lacovo Lacovo, scientifically prepared with choice ingredients including malt extract, milk, powder coca, fresh butter and eggs, is rich in vitamins A, B,D and organic phosphorous. It promotes health and aids convalescence an

50、d is especially good for neurasthenia and mental exhaustion. Take regularly, Lacovo helps build up body resistance against disease. A nourishing beverage for all ages. An excellent gift in all seasons. For drinking hot: Put two or three teaspoonfuls of Lacovo in a cup, then add hot water and stir un

51、til the grains are thoroughly dissolved. Add sugar and milk to taste. For drinking cold: Put two or three teaspoonfuls of Lacovo in a glass of cool-boiled water and stir until the grains are thoroughly dissolved. Then add fresh milk or condensed milk. It makes a delightful and wholesome drink in sum

52、mer.,乐口福系采用麦乳精、牛乳、可可粉、鲜黄油、鸡蛋等上等原料，以科学的方法精制而成，含有丰富的维生素A、 B、 D及天然有机磷质，具有提神醒脑、增强体质之功效，特别适用于用脑过度、神经衰弱的患者。,常饮本品，可以增强肌体的免疫力。本品适宜于四季饮用，是老少皆宜的营养饮料，也是馈赠亲友之佳品。,饮用方法： 热饮：取乐口福两至三茶匙，然后倒入适量开水，搅拌至完全融化为止。加入适量的牛奶和糖，味道更佳。 冷饮：取乐口福两至三茶匙，然后倒入适量冷开水，搅拌至完全融化为止。可再加入适量的鲜牛奶或炼乳，是夏季消暑保健之佳品。,III. Translation of Introductions,2.

53、注意技术性知识的表达：,ST858/ ST858 L 5-Band Stereo Radio Cassette Recorder Dynamic power output is 18W total. Sharp MW/SW1 / SW2/ SW3/ FM Stereo radio reception on the St858. The ST858L delivers superb MW/LW/SW1/SW2/FM Stereo band reception. Full auto-stop and Automatic Quik Program Search (AQPS system). Full

54、 information LED indicators. A wide-stereo 2-way, 4-speakers system. Wow external DC 13.5 V with the adaptor. Dimensions: 520(W)*331(H)*147(D)mm.,ST858/ ST858 L 五波段立体声收录两用机,该机的最大输出功率为18瓦。,ST858 可接收中波、三个短波和调频立体声波段，收音机灵敏度高。,ST858L 可接收中波、长波、两个短波和调频立体声等波段。,有全自动停止装置，快速自动节目搜索系统（AQPS系统）。,采用发光电极管的指示灯，双声道四喇叭

55、扬声系统。,音颤率为 0.1% 。,频率范围：30赫兹至16千赫。,电源:交流电源110-127/220-240伏, 50/60 赫兹; 也可外接13.5伏直流电源（须配置变压器）或者使用9节D型电池。,规格: 520毫米(宽)X331毫米(高)X147毫米(厚),Operating Instructions for Siemens Washing Machine,Washing 洗衣 Selecting the wash programme 选择洗衣程序 Turn the programme selector clockwise until it reaches the required p

56、rogramme. 1、按顺时针方向转动程序选择键至您所需的洗衣程序。 Press the buttons for any additional functions that are required. 2、按下您所需的附加功能键。,西门子洗衣机使用说明书,IV. Practice of Instructions Translation,Starting the programme 开机 Make sure that the door is closed. 检查确保门已关好。 Press the “ON/OFF button and the programme starts. 按下“开关”键，

57、洗涤程序开始。 Programme sequence 程序进程 The position of the programme selector indicates which stage in the wash programme the machine is currently at.,程序选择键的位置，表明机器正在运行的状态。,II. Instructions Translation,IV. Practice of Instructions Translation,End of wash programme/Switching the machine OFF 程序结束/关机 All prog

58、rammes end automatically after the spin cycle. 所有程序均在脱水操作过程后自动结束。 Switching the machine OFF 关机 Press the “ON/OFF” button. The machine is switched off and the power indicator light goes out. 按下“开关”键。电源指示灯熄灭，机器已关掉。 After 2 minutes you will be able to open the door and remove the washing. 约 2分钟后，您可打开机门

59、，取出衣物。 Turn the tap OFF!,关掉水龙头。,IV. Practice of Instructions Translation,飞利浦榨汁机说明书 Operating Instructions For Philips Juice Extractor 承蒙购买飞利浦型榨汁机。 Thank you for your purchase of Philips Juice Extractor. 您可使用本榨汁机榨出100%的纯果汁和蔬菜汁。 With this juice extractor you can make 100% pure fruit juice and vegetable juice. 本榨汁机使用简便，容易清洗。 The appliance is simple to use and very easy to clean.,IV. Pra