soa架构宣讲胶片中文版ibm

1、IBM SWG Enterprise Integration Solution面象服务的体系架构(SOA) ( )IBM中国软件开发中心日程1. 什么是面向服务的体系架构2. SOA的价值3. 构成SOA的技术4. 如何构建SOA系统5. IBM的SOA工具与产品6. 网格计算与SOA2 2004 IBM Corporation什么是面向服务的体系架构?一个组件模型将应用程序的不同功能单元（服务）通过这些服务之间定义良好的接口和契约联系起来。接口是采用中立的方式进行定义的，它应该独立于实现服务的硬件平台、操作系统和编程语言。构建在各种这样的系统中的服务可以以

2、一种统一和通用的方式进行交互。3 2004 IBM Corporation为什么采用面向服务的体系架构?A Service Oriented Architecture enables flexible connectivity of applications or resources byRepresenting every application or resource as a service with a standardized interfaceEnabling them to exchange structured information (messages, documents,

3、 business objects)Mediating the message exchange through an Enterprise Service BusThis flexibility enables new and existing applications to be easily and quickly combined to address changing business needs.The ability to easily combine/choreograph applications allows IT services to more readily refl

4、ect business processesThe SOA infrastructure is also used to facilitate the management of business performance and quality of service4 2004 IBM CorporationSOA的价值: SOA实现可变的IT架构Flexible Business ModelsTransformation Business Process OutsourcingMergers, Acquisitions & DivestituresComposable ProcessesRe

5、quiresFlexible IT ArchitectureSoftware DevelopmentDevelopmentIntegrationInfrastructure ManagementInfrastructureManagementComposable ServicesService Oriented Architecture (SOA)5 2004 IBM Corporation构成SOA的技术什么是服务服务调用服务的编排服务的发现6 2004 IBM Corporation什么是服务?A well-defined, invokable unit of business funct

6、ionAccesses business data or facilitates a change of business datafrom one valid and consistent state to another.Defined using explicit interfacesIndependent of service implementationsProvides contract between service requestors and service providersInvokable through common communication protocolsPr

7、ovides interoperability and location transparency.7 2004 IBM Corporation服务描述Services are described using a standardized interface (metadata)Defines the service, its operations, and input and output parametersDefines how the service is reached and its locationInput and outputs may be simple parameter

8、s or XML documentsAn existing application can be given a service faadeThe faade (e.g. an EJB) is then described as the serviceWeb Services Description Language (WSDL) is the standard used to describe the service8 2004 IBM Corporation服务描述: WSDLWSDL (Web Services Description Language) is an XML docume

9、nt that describes a Service using a number of key elements:A Port Type defines what the service does, and is described by a number of operations.For each operation the data that it receives and sends is described by a MessageThe Binding defines how the service (as described by the Port Type) is invo

10、ked e.g. SOAP/HTTP, SOAP/JMS.The Port specifies the address where the service is located9 2004 IBM Corporation服务调用Services interact by exchanging data over an Enterprise Service Bus The Enterprise Service Bus is a logical architectural constructProvides inter-connectivity servicesServices interact w

11、ith each other based on the quality of service requirements of the individual transactionsESB connects and integrates an enterprises IT businessIn different locations, using different transports, across organizationsESB mediates service requests and responsesPerforms transformation and routing Enabl

12、es connection type transparencyESB enables the use of multiple protocolse.g. SOAP/HTTP can be converted to SOAP/JMS and vice versa10 2004 IBM Corporation企业服务总线(ESB)Central to the Workings of a Service Oriented ArchitectureMediation ServicesRouting TransformationEvent ServicesPublish and SubscribeTra

13、nsport ServicesSynchronous/Asynchronous Persistent/Non-persistent Loosely-coupled/Tightly-coupledStandards BasedHTTP/HTTPS with option for WS-ReliableMessaging JMS, JAX-RPC, SOAPWS-Security, WS-Policy, WS-Addressing11 2004 IBM Corporation服务的编排术Business processes are a set of activities carried out i

14、n a sequence Services can be choreographed to implement a business processi.e. each step or activity in a business process is implemented by a serviceThe business process itself becomes a serviceService choreography is described by the Business Process Execution Language (BPEL)A standard proposed to

15、 OASIS for process definitionService Choreography provides:Processes that combine applications and peopleTransactionality and compensationManipulation ofprocess data12 2004 IBM Corporation服务的发现Service RegistryA Service Registry or DirectoryPublishes service descriptionsFinds business, services and s

16、ervice interfacesUDDI is a standard for a registry web service (see UDDI.org)Service discovery may be at design time or run timeWebSphere Studio provides Web Services Explorer to publish and search UDDI UDDI Service entries contain URL of its WSDLA UDDI directory may be private to an enterpriseWSDL

17、for services may be stored in local files and directoriesESB mediations may be used to determine services location at run time13 2004 IBM CorporationSOA 的服务栈SOA uses Web Services specifications to implement its features Many Web Services specifications are being standardizedIBM and other vendors hav

18、e implemented these specifications, anticipating the standardsThe Web Service function stack is rich and getting richer14 2004 IBM Corporation如何构建SOA的系统Develop a service oriented mentalityEverything is a serviceUnderstand and define servicesGood service decomposition is the challenge Remember coarse

19、 granularitySome service implementations will exist, others will need to be createdDetermine service interfaces and interaction patternsWhat formats will be adopted for data exchange? What qualities of service will bound interactions? Where will mediation be required/appropriate?Define service orche

20、strations in terms of supported businessprocessesComposite services will generally reflect business processes? What are the business processes?Business models in WebSphere BI Modeler can prove invaluable here15 2004 IBM Corporation采用 SOA 的四个层次16 2004 IBM Corporation实现单独的Web 服务17 2004 IBM Corporation

21、面向服务的集成18 2004 IBM Corporation企业范围内的IT 转换19 2004 IBM CorporationIBM商务整合的参考架构Model, design, development, test toolsWebSphere BI ModelerWebSphere StudioApplication Access ServicesWebSphere BI AdaptersData Access ServicesDB2 Information Integrator Classic20 2004 IBM CorporationCommon Runtime Infrastruc

22、tureMonitoring ServicesWebSphere BI MonitorUser InteractionApplicationInformationProcessCommunity ServicesServicesServicesServicesIntegrationServicesWebSphereWebSphereDB2 InformationWebSphereWebSphere Portal ServerApplication ServerIntegratorBusinessBusinessIntegrationIntegrationServerConnectEnterpr

23、ise Service BusWebSphere MQWeb Services GatewayWebSphere BI Event/Message BrokerOGSAApplicationsSystem ManagementGrid ServicesSevicesOpen Grid Services Architecture (OGSA)OGSI Open Grid Services InfrastructureWeb ServicesOGSA EnabledOGSA EnabledOGSA EnabledDatabaseOGSA EnabledFile SystemsOGSA EnabledDirectoryOGSA EnabledMessagingWorkflowSecurityOGSA EnabledOGSA EnabledOGSA EnabledServersStorageNetwork