橡胶弹簧构造、功能【研究运用】

1、MarshMellow Introduction, Construction and Function橡胶弹簧介绍、构造以及功能,What is a Marsh Mellow? 橡胶弹簧是什么？ Rubber cylinder橡胶柱 Fabric reinforced纤维加固 Compression Spring压缩弹簧 Vibration Isolator隔振器,Description描述,Developed in 1973开发于1973年 Looking for a “spring” with similar characteristics to an air spring, but wi

2、thout requiring air 需求是：性能类似于空气弹簧但是不需要压缩空气 Why the name MarshMellow? 为什么叫MarshMellow Developed by Firestone engineer, Jerry Marsh 开发者是凡士通工程师， Jerry Marsh,History历史,Unique elements of design flexibility特殊的组成 Solid rubber core material 实心橡胶芯 Hollow center中空中心 End configuration 端面形状可选 Fabric reinforced

3、 plies 纤维增强层,Construction构造,Review Sample,Application dependent 基于应用 Vibration Isolation Compound (all catalog parts are this high efficiency compound)隔振器配方（手册中所有产品都是这种高效的配方） High efficiency高效 Provides little damping仅提供很小的阻尼 Shock Absorption Compound冲击吸收配方 Higher damping 高阻尼 Reduces “spring back” ef

4、fect降低回弹效应,Solid Rubber Core Material 实心橡胶材质,Construction构造,Variable of Load Capacity 可提供不同的载荷能力 Affects contact area 影响接触面积 Smaller ID carries larger load 中心直径越小，载荷能力越强 Aids in installation安装指南 “Installation” p. 24 26 in Catalog产品样本第24-26页 Mounting pins安装销 Center rod中心杆 Cable张紧带,Construction构造,Holl

5、ow Center 中空中心,Mounting Method安装方法,A pin needs to be supplied by the customer on their mounting plate to fit into the hollow center of the MarshMellow. The details are supplied on each data page of the catalog .客户需要在安装板上提供一个销子，插入到橡胶弹簧的中心孔，详细信息请见数据样本。 Also the plate needs to be at least as large in d

6、iameter as the maximum diameter of the MarshMellow. 安装板直径不得小于橡胶弹簧的最大直径。,Mounting Method安装方法,Example: W223580176,No taper is the standard 标准形式是非锥面形状的。 Taper advantages 锥面形状端面的优势 Softer at low compression 低压缩时更软 Reduced stress in arc motions 弧形运动时可以降低应力 Improved fabric performance for tall, thin parts

7、 用于又高又长的产品时，可以提高纤维层的性能,Construction构造,End Configuration端面形状选择,High tensile tire cord fabric 高强度轮胎纤维 Angled plies provide 层与层之间纤维成角度排列 Consistent cylindrical shape （被压缩时）保持圆柱形状 Load curve profile 载荷曲线 Stability 稳定性 Similar to an air spring与空气弹簧相似,Fabric Construction纤维层结构,Construction构造,Similar concep

8、t to an Air Spring与空气弹簧理念相似,Construction构造,MarshMellow Operation 橡胶弹簧应用,When rubber is deformed, it flows to the path of least resistance like a fluid. 像流体一样，橡胶被压缩时会遵循最小阻力原则。 It forms a sphere with flat ends.那样会形成一个两端是平面的球形 The load is carried like a cylinder, pressure times area 载荷能力计算类似气缸，压力乘以面积 H

9、owever, the area is only the size of the contact area of the rubber and metal ends 然而，面积只是橡胶与金属件的接触面积,Performance Characteristics性能,As the height decreases in a MarshMellow, the cords pantograph, increasing diameter at the same volumetric rate. 橡胶弹簧被压缩时，纤维平行移动，使得其直径相应增长，但容积不变。 Internal pressure is a

10、pplied over the entire volume since the contact area increases as well 由于接触面积随之增大，内部压强会作用于整个橡胶弹簧。,Performance Characteristics性能,Marsh Mellows maintain a cylindrical shape橡胶弹簧保持圆柱形状,Performance Characteristics特性,No Load (0 kg)零载荷 Height = 57 cm高度,Performance Characteristics特性,22,5 tons载荷 Height = 38

11、cm高度,Performance Characteristics特性,45 tons Height = 33 cm Load increases by 100% Deflection increases by 13%,Performance Characteristics,Performance Characteristics特性,Precautions & Advantages注意事项以及优势,Chemical Resistance Chart化学物质耐受性,For more information you can log into the DuPont web site for a muc

12、h more extensive list. 更多信息，请登录杜邦公司网站： ,Potential damage潜在破坏,If the pin diameter is too large it can cause tearing of the rubber core. 如果安装销直径过大，有可能切坏橡胶芯 If the pin diameter is too small it can allow the part to shift sideways and damage the ID 如果安装销直径过小，有可能导致橡胶弹簧水平移动，从而导致内壁损坏 If the pin is too long

13、 it will gouge the ID of the part when compressed during lateral vibrations. 如果安装销过长，它可能啃坏橡胶弹簧内孔壁 If the pin is too short the part can jump off during operation and damage the end of the core 如果安装销过短，运行过程中，橡胶弹簧可能跳出销子，从而导致端面损坏 The mounting plate diameter needs to be larger than the largest diameter o

14、f the MarshMellow under full compression 安装板的直径需要大于橡胶弹簧的最大压缩时的最大直径。,Working compression 15 to 27.5 % - Why?压缩率15-27.5%，为什么？ Need minimum compression of 15% to insure that the machine will not bounce off of the mounting pins during start up or shut down. 最低压缩率15%以保证安装销在启动、停机过程中不至于跳出橡胶弹簧。 Also, minimu

15、m of 15% in order to get into a better isolation range due to natural frequency15%的最低压缩率还保证了较好的隔振率 Maximum of 27.5% in order to keep rubber temperature under control in normal working conditions最高压缩率27.5%确保正常运行过程中橡胶弹簧的温度不至于超高 Maximum 40% deflection Why?最大变形40% Although you should not operate the par

16、t dynamically at above 27.5% deflection, it can take impact loads up to 40%虽然不应使橡胶弹簧的动态压缩率超过27.5%，但是橡胶弹簧可以承受40%压缩率的冲击。 Above 40% compression the rubber can fracture and the fabric plys fail超过40%的压缩率时，橡胶可能会破裂，纤维层可能会失效。,Load Range载荷范围,Lateral Static Deflection横向位移,Although MM can move laterally on a d

17、ynamic basis, you should keep them vertical statically as close as you can. 即使橡胶弹簧可以在动态情况下允许横向移动，但在静态情况下应尽可能得保证其垂直。,Vertical/Lateral dynamic motion垂直方向运动 Most vibrating equipment moves in three dimensions with two dimensions being dominant. (see the oval pattern at right). 多数振动设备有3个方向的振动但是以2个方向为主（见右

18、图）,Stroke/Deflection行程/变形,Equipment stroke设备行程,Advantages vs. Coil and Rubber Springs与螺旋弹簧及橡胶块对比的优势,Compared to a steel spring:对比钢质弹簧 Corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀 寿命长 Quieter安静 Improved overload condition 改善超载运行状态 Improved failure mode 优化的失效模式 零载荷高度低,易于安装 有冲击时高度变化小 Better lateral isolation 更好的横向隔振性能,Compared to a solid rubber mount: 对比于橡胶块弹簧 寿命长 Better isolation隔振效果好 Larger