英语分类汇编阅读理解之科普知识类

6年模拟【20072012】英语汇编阅读理解之科普知识类2012年模拟题【湖北省八校2012届高三第一次联考】SQUIRRELSOFTENCOMMUNICATEWITHWHISTLES,CHIRPSANDCHUCKS,WHICHSOUNDLIKETHEWORD“CHUCK”WHISTLESANDCHIRPSARELIKETHESOUNDSTHATMANYBIRDSMAKENOWSCIENTISTSHAVETRANSLATEDSOMEOFTHEIRSQUIRRELSPEAKHARE,APROFESSOROFZOOLOGYATTHEUNIVERSITYOFMANILOHAINWINNIPEG,ANDHISTEAMMANAGEDTORECORDSQUIRRELSALARMCALLSTHERESEARCHERSSTUDIEDTHESOUNDSANDTHENPLAYEDTHEMBACKTO60WILDSQUIRRELS,WHICHTHESCIENTISTSAPPROACHEDINDIVIDUALLYWITHAVIDEORECORDERTOCAPTURE抓拍）THEIRREPONSESSOMESQUIRRELSLIFTEDTHEIRHEADSUPANDBECAMEALERT警惕的）CREATURESTHATWEREMOREFRIGHTENEDSIMPLYRANFORTHEIRLIVESANDDIVEDINTOCAVES“INEFFECTTHEN,WHISTLESTHATMIXWITHCHUCKSSAYTHERESANENEMYOFAVERAGETHREATTHATSHERE,ANDWHISTLESWITHOUTCHUCKSSAYTHERESANENEMYOFSEEMINGLYAVERAGETHREATAROUNDHERESOMEWHERE,WHILEPURECHIRPSSAY,IMHIDINGHEREBECAUSETHERESANIMMEDIATEDANGER“HARETOLDDISCOVERYNEWSHAREANDSOMEOTHERRESEARCHERSBELIEVESUCHSOUNDSARCPARTOFANADVANCEDLANGUAGETHATDEVELOPSJUSTASALLOTHERCOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMSALTHOUGHSQUIRRELSRISKTHEIRLIVESWHENTHEYCALLOUTTOWARNOTHERSOFTHREATS,OTHERSQUIRRELSMIGHTADMIRETHISBEHAVIOUR,THUSINCREASINGLYTHECALLERSSOCIALSTATUS,LIKEHUMANSWHOLOOKUPTOHEROESHAREADDEDTHATOTHERANIMALS,SUCHASBIRDS,PROBABLYUNDERSTANDATLEASTSOMESQUIRRELLANGUAGE,SINCETHEYALSOMAYBENEFITFROMTHEALARMCALLSINFACT,ANOTHERCANADIANSTUDYFOUNDTHATDEEPVOICED,BLACKCAPPEDCHICKADEESHAVETHEIROWNLANGUAGETOOACCORDINGTOCERTAINRESEARCH,THEREAREALOTOFTIDINGSINCHICKADEESCALLS,SUCHASDIRECTINGFELLOWSACTIVITIES,KEEPINGINCONTACTBETWEENMATES,ANDRAISINGALARMSWHILECHICKADEESANDOTHERBIRDSAREOFTENWELCOMEDINTOGARDENSBYHOMEOWNERS,SQUIRRELSAREFREQUENTLYVIEWEDASPESTS害兽）HAREWISHESAGREATERUNDERSTANDINGOFTHECOMPLEXSOCIALLIVESANDCOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMSOFSQUIRRELSWILLPROVIDE“HOPETHATHUMANSWILLGAINAGREATERAPPRECIATIONANDSTOPDOINGHARMTOTHESEANIMALS”1THETEXTMAINLYTALKSABOUTATHESTUDYONTHELANGUAGEOFSQUIRRELSBTHECOMPARISONBETWEENSQUIRRELSANDCHICKADEESCTHECALLINGFORTHEPROTECTIONOFSQUIRRELSDTHEWAYSFORSQUIRRELSTOESCAPEFROMTHEIRENEMIES2IFASQUIRRELISINAVERYDANGEROUSSITUATION,ITWOULDPROBABLYMAKE_AWHISTLESWITHCHUCKSBPURECHIRPSCWHISTLESWITHOUTCHUCKSDREPEATEDCHUCKS3THEUNDERLINEDWORD“TIDINGS”INPARDGMPH6PROBABLYMEANS_ADIFFICULTIESBPOISESCMESSAGESDLANGUAGES4WHATCANBELEARNEDFROMTHISTEXTASQUIRRELSCOMMUNICATEWITHCACHOTHERASHUMANSDOBSOMESQUIRRELSUNDERSTANDTHERECORDEDALARMCALLSCOTHERANIMALSALSOWELLUNDERSTANDTHELANGUAGEOFSQUIRRELSDBIRDSSUCHASCHICKADEESDONTHAVETHEIROWNLANGUAGE1A主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们讲述了HARE以及他带领的团队对松鼠们所使用的语言的研究。2B细节理解题。由文章中的“WHILEPURECHIRPSSAY,IMHIDINGHEREBECAUSETHERESANIMMEDIATEDANGER”可以看出，B项正确。3C词义推测题。下文SUCHAS后里列举的“DIRECTINGFELLOWSACTIVITIES,KEEPINGINCONTACTBETWEENMATES,ANDRAISINGALARMS”都是是不同的信息，由此可以看出，该词和MESSAGE同义。4B推理判断题。从文章的第二段中“SOMESQUIRRELSLIFTEDTHEIRHEADSUPANDBECAMEALERT警惕的）CREATURESTHATWEREMOREFRIGHTENEDSIMPLYRANFORTHEIRLIVESANDDIVEDINTOCAVES”可以看出，松鼠们对于“THERECORDEDALARMCALLS”反应很忙敏感，也就是说他们能理解。【2012三明联考】ITSTRUETHATQUITEAFEWMOSTRESPECTEDSCIENTIFICAUTHORITIESHAVECONFIRMEDTHATTHEWORLDISBECOMINGHOTTERANDHOTTERTHERESALSOSTRONGEVIDENCETHATHUMANSARECONTRIBUTINGTOTHEWARMINGCOUNTLESSRECENTREPORTSHAVEPROVEDTHESAMETHINGFORINSTANCE,A2010SUMMARYABOUTTHECLIMATESCIENCEBYTHEROYALSOCIETYNOTEDTHAT“THEGLOBALWARMINGOVERTHELASTHALFCENTURYHASBEENCAUSEDMAINLYBYHUMANACTIVITY”YOUMAYNOTBELIEVETHATHUMANSCOULDCHANGETHEPLANETSCLIMATE,BUTTHEBASICSCIENCEISWELLUNDERSTOODEACHYEAR,BILLIONSOFTONSOFGREENHOUSEGASESARERELEASEDINTOTHEATMOSPHEREBECAUSEOFHUMANACTIVITYASHASBEENKNOWNFORYEARS,THESEGASESHOLDHEATTHATWOULDOTHERWISEESCAPETOSPACE,WRAPPINGTHEPLANETINANINVISIBLE看不见的BLANKETOFCOURSE,THEEARTHSCLIMATEHASALWAYSBEENCHANGINGDUETO“NATURAL”FACTORSSUCHASVOLCANICERUPTION（熔化）ORCHANGESINSOLAR,ORCYCLESCONCERNINGTHEEARTHSGOINGAROUNDTHESUNACCORDINGTOTHESCIENTIFICRESEARCH,HOWEVER,THEWARMINGOBSERVEDBYNOWMATCHESTHEPATTERNOFWARMINGWEWOULDEXPECTFROMABUILDUPOFGREENHOUSEGASINTHEATMOSPHERENOTTHEWARMINGWEWOULDEXPECTFROMOTHERPOSSIBLECAUSESEVENIFSCIENTISTSDIDDISCOVERANOTHERREASONABLEEXPLANATIONFORTHEWARMINGRECORDEDSOFAR,THATWOULDGIVEBIRTHTOADIFFICULTQUESTIONASROBERTHENSONPUTSIT“IFSOMENEWLYDISCOVEREDFACTORISTOBLAMEFORTHECLIMATECHANGE,THENWHYARENTCARBONDIOXIDEANDTHEOTHERGREENHOUSEGASESPRODUCINGTHEWARMINGTHATBASICPHYSICSTELLSUSTHEYSHOULDBE”THEONLYWAYTOPROVEWITH100CERTAINTYTHATHUMANSARERESPONSIBLEFORGLOBALWARMINGWOULDBETORUNANEXPERIMENTWITHTWOIDENTICALEARTHSONEWITHHUMANINFLUENCEANDONEWITHOUTTHATOBVIOUSLYISNTPOSSIBLE,ANDSOMOSTSCIENTISTSARECAREFULNOTTOSTATEHUMANINFLUENCEASANABSOLUTECERTAINTY1INMOSTSCIENTISTSOPINION,THEGLOBALWARMINGISMAINLYCAUSEDBY_ASOLARACTIVITYBVOLCANICACTIVITYCNATURALFACTORSDHUMANFACTORS2THETEXTISDEVELOPEDBY_AGIVINGTYPICALEXAMPLESBFOLLOWINGTHEORDEROFSPACECANALYZINGATHEORYANDARGUINGITDCOMPARINGANDFINDINGDIFFERENCES3THEUNDERLINEWORD“IDENTICAL”INTHELASTPARAGRAPHPROBABLYMEANS_ATOTALLYDIFFERENTBEXACTLYTHESAMECEXTREMELYIMPORTANTDPARTLYINDEPENDENT4WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGCANBETHEBESTTITLEAAREALLTHESCIENTISTSREALLYSCIENTIFICBWHEREISGLOBALWARMINGLEADINGUSTOCAREHUMANSDEFINITELYCAUSINGGLOBALWARMINGDWHATSRELATIONOFGLOBALWARMINGANDGREENHOUSEGASES【答案与解析】这是一篇关于全球气候变暖的文章。文章分析了导致全球变暖的各种原因，并指出人类活动因素是导致气候变暖的主要原因。1D考查事实细节。根据第一段第二句“HERESALSOSTRONGEVIDENCETHATHUMANSARECONTRIBUTINGTOTHEWARMING”这儿也有强有力的证据表明人类为全球气候变暖做出了“贡献”可知人类因素是导致气候变暖的主要原因。HUMANFACTORS人类因素。2C考查综合理解。纵观全文，第一段提出人类活动因素是导致全球气候变暖的主要原因。接下来分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致气候变暖。文章就是按这种方式叙述的。ANALYZINGATHEORYANDARGUINGIT分析理论并进行辩论符合本文描述方式。3B考查词义猜测。根据最后一段句意，要用两个同样的地球做实验一个有人类影响，另一个没有来证明人类的确应该为全球气候变暖承担责任。EXACTLYTHESAME极端相似符合该词词义。4C标题判断题。文章开始提出人类活动因素导致了全球气候变暖，然后分析讨论为什么人类活动能够导致全球气候变暖。文章通篇都贯穿人类的活动。AREHUMANSDEFINITELYCAUSINGGLOBALWARMING的确是人类导致全球气候变暖吗符合该文章标题。【2012顺义素质展示】THEBROWNWIDOWSPIDERBECAMEESTABLISHEDINSOUTHERNCALIFORNIAINEARLY2000ANDHASBECOMEPARTOFTHELOCALSPIDERFAMILYINURBANLOSANGELESANDSANDIEGOTHEBROWNWIDOWSPIDERISCONTINUINGITSEXPANSIONINSOUTHERNCALIFORNIAANDCOULDPOSSIBLYMOVENORTHWARDINTOCENTRALCALIFORNIATHEBROWNWIDOWISSUSPECTEDTOHAVEEVOLVEDINAFRICAALTHOUGHITWASFIRSTDESCRIBEDFROMSOUTHAMERICA,WHICHADDSCONFUSIONASTOWHEREITMIGHTHAVEORIGINATEDITISATROPICALANDSUBTROPICALSPIDERHAVINGESTABLISHEDPOPULATIONSINHAWAII,FLORIDA,PARTSOFAUSTRALIA,SOUTHAFRICAANDJAPANINNORTHAMERICA,THEBROWNWIDOWWASRESTRICTEDFORMANYDECADESTOTHEFLORIDAPENINSULAHOWEVER,AROUNDTHEYEAR2000,ITSTARTEDSHOWINGUPINOTHERGULFCOASTSTATESBROWNWIDOWSARENOWKNOWNFROMTEXASTOGEORGIAANDSOUTHCAROLINATHEBROWNWIDOWBUILDSITSWEBINPROTECTEDSITESAROUNDHOMESANDINWOODYVEGETATIONWITHBRANCHESSOMETYPICALSITESSELECTEDBYBROWNWIDOWSFORWEBBUILDINGAREEMPTYCONTAINERSSUCHASBUCKETSANDNURSERYPOTS,MAILBOXES,ENTRYWAYCORNERS,UNDEREAVES,STORAGECLOSETSANDGARAGES,UNDERCARRIAGESOFMOTORVEHICLESTHATARESTATIONARYFORLONGPERIODS,ANDTHEUNDERSIDESOFOUTDOORFURNITURETHEYCHOOSEPLACESTHATAREMOREEXPOSEDTHANSITESCHOSENBYBLACKWIDOWSANDTHEREFORE,APPEARTOBEATHIGHERRISKFORINTERACTIONSWITHHUMANSASFARASBITESARECONCERNEDONERECENTSTUDYDEMONSTRATESTHATTHEBROWNWIDOWSPIDERISLESSPOISONOUSTHANOTHERWIDOWSPECIESTHEREASONFORTHEWEAKEREFFECTOFBROWNWIDOWBITESONHUMANSISPOSSIBLYBECAUSETHEBROWNWIDOWDOESNOTHAVEMUCHPOISONASITSLARGERRELATIVES,BUTITISREALLYATHREATTOHUMANSASTOITSPOISONTHETWOMAJORSYMPTOMSOFABROWNWIDOWBITEWERETHATTHEBITEHURTWHENITWASGIVENANDITLEFTAREDMARKTHESETWOSYMPTOMSARENOTMUCHDIFFERENTFROMTHEBITEOFNORMALHOUSEHOLDSPIDERSTHEREISNOSPECIFICINFORMATIONREGARDINGTHECONTROLOFBROWNWIDOWSBYFARMCHEMICALSMOSTCURRENTADVICEISWHATISUSEDFORCONTROLLINGSPIDERSINGENERALTHEREFORE,MOSTCOMMERCIALLYAVAILABLEFARMCHEMICALSSHOULDWORKONBROWNWIDOWSAVOIDINGAMESSOFTHEHOUSEANDTHEGARAGESHOULDREDUCENESTSITESFORTHEMALSO,ONESHOULDSTOREGARAGEITEMSINPLASTICBAGSWHERETHEREMIGHTBEINTERACTIONSWITHSPIDERSTHESEITEMSINCLUDERARELYWORNGARMENTSSUCHASGARDENINGCLOTHESANDGLOVES,RECREATIONALITEMSLIKESPORTSEQUIPMENTIE,BASEBALLGLOVESANDOTHERITEMSWHERESPIDERSCANCRAWLUPINTOHOLESWHEREFINGERSCANBEINSERTED1THEAUTHORWROTETHISARTICLETO_AANNOUNCETHERESULTOFARESEARCHONSPIDERSBINTRODUCETHEWAYSTOGETRIDOFTHESPIDERSCREPORTANEWFINDINGOFTHEWIDOWSPECIESDWARNREADERSAGAINSTTHEBROWNWIDOW2FROMTHEPASSAGEWECANCONCLUDETHAT_ABROWNWIDOWSARESPREADINGNORTHWARDBTHEBROWNWIDOWORIGINATEDFROMAFRICACBROWNWIDOWSNOWCANBEFOUNDINALLCOUNTRIESDTHEREUSEDTOBENOBROWNWIDOWSINNORTHAMERICA3THETHIRDPARAGRAPHISMAINLYABOUT_ATHEBROWNWIDOWSWEBBUILDINGBTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHEBROWNWIDOWCTHEHABITATPREFERENCESOFTHEBROWNWIDOWDTHEBROWNWIDOWSTHREATENTOHUMANBEINGS4ITCANBEINFERREDTHAT_ABROWNWIDOWSCANBEKILLEDWITHANYFARMCHEMICALSBATPRESENTPEOPLECANONLYCONTROLBROWNWIDOWSPIDERSCTHEBROWNWIDOWHASMOREPOISONTHANTHEBLACKWIDOWDVICTIMSBITTENBYTHEBROWNWIDOWNEEDNTSEETHEDOCTOR【答案与解析】一种褐色的毒蜘蛛正在美国蔓延，其危害不容忽视。更糟糕的是，目前还没有消灭它的方法，只能尽力进行控制和预防。1D作者意图题。文章从这种蜘蛛的渊源谈起，预测了它的蔓延范围，进而介绍了它的生活习性、危害以及控制方法，所以作者意在警告读者当心这种蜘蛛。2A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知它们可能会朝北方蔓延。3C段落大意题。本段指出了这种蜘蛛经常选择的织网的地方，即主要介绍这种蜘蛛的栖息偏好。4B推理判断题。最后一段提到还没有掌握控制这种蜘蛛应当使用的化学药品的具体信息，目前的建议是采用控制蜘蛛的一般方法，并提供了一些预防措施，由此可推断目前人们只能控制它们。【2012上海春招】FREDERICMISHKIN,WHOSBEENAPROFESSORATCOLUMBIABUSINESSSCHOOLFORALMOST30YEARS,ISGOODATSOLVINGPROBLEMSANDEXPRESSINGIDEASWHETHERHESSTANDINGINFRONTOFALECTUREHALLORENGAGEDINACASUALCONVERSATION,HISHANDSAREALWAYSWAVINGANDPOINTINGWHENHEWASINGRADUATESCHOOL,ONEOFHISPROFESSORSWASSOANNOYEDBYTHISCONSTANTGESTURINGTHATHEMADETHEYOUNGECONOMISTSITONHISHANDSWHENEVERHEVISITEDTHEPROFESSORSOFFICEITTURNSOUT,HOWEVER,THATMISHKINSPROFESSORHADITEXACTLYWRONGGESTUREDOESNTPREVENTBUTPROMOTESCLEARTHOUGHTANDSPEECHRESEARCHDEMONSTRATESTHATTHEMOVEMENTSWEMAKEWITHOURHANDSWHENWETALKFORMAKINDOFSECONDLANGUAGE,ADDINGINFORMATIONTHATSABSENTFROMOURWORDSITSLEARNINGSSECRETCODEGESTUREREVEALSWHATWEKNOWITREVEALSWHATWEDONTKNOWWHATSMORE,THEAGREEMENTORLACKOFAGREEMENTBETWEENWHATOURVOICESSAYANDHOWOURHANDSMOVEOFFERSACLUETOOURREADINESSTOLEARNMANYOFTHESTUDIESESTABLISHINGTHEIMPORTANCEOFGESTURETOLEARNINGHAVEBEENCONDUCTEDBYSUSANGOLDINMEADOW,APROFESSOROFPSYCHOLOGYATTHEUNIVERSITYOFCHICAGO“WECHANGEOURMINDSBYMOVINGOURHANDS,“WRITESGOLDINMEADOWINAREVIEWOFTHISWORKPARTICULARLYSIGNIFICANTAREWHATSHECALLS“MISMATCHES“BETWEENORALEXPRESSIONANDPHYSICALGESTURESASTUDENTMIGHTSAYTHATAHEAVIERBALLFALLSFASTERTHANALIGHTONE,FOREXAMPLE,BUTMAKEAGESTUREINDICATINGTHATTHEYFALLATTHESAMERATE,WHICHISCORRECTSUCHDIFFERENCESINDICATETHATWEREMOVINGFROMONELEVELOFUNDERSTANDINGTOANOTHERTHETHOUGHTSEXPRESSEDBYHANDMOTIONSAREOFTENOURNEWESTANDMOSTADVANCEDIDEASABOUTTHEPROBLEMWEREWORKINGONWECANTYETABSORBTHESECONCEPTSINTOLANGUAGE,BUTWECANCAPTURETHEMINMOVEMENTGOLDINMEADOWSMORERECENTWORKSTREWSNOTONLYTHATGESTURESHOWSOURREADINESSTOLEARN,BUTTHATITACTUALLYHELPSTOBRINGLEARNINGABOUTITDOESSOINTWOWAYSFIRST,ITELICITS引出HELPFULBEHAVIORFROMOTHERSAROUNDUSGOLDINMEADOWHASFOUNDTHATADULTSRESPONDTOCHILDRENSSPEECHGESTUREMISMATCHESBYADJUSTINGTHEIRWAYOFINSTRUCTIONPARENTSANDTEACHERSAPPARENTLYRECEIVETHESIGNALTHATCHILDRENAREREADYTOLEARN,ANDTHEYACTONITBYOFFERINGAGREATERVARIETYOFPROBLEMSOLVINGTECHNIQUESTHEACTOFGESTURINGITSELFALSOSEEMSTOQUICKENLEARNING,BRINGINGNEWKNOWLEDGEINTOCONSCIOUSNESSANDAIDINGTHEUNDERSTANDINGOFNEWCONCEPTSA2007STUDYBYSUSANWAGNERCOOK,ANASSISTANTPROFESSOROFPSYCHOLOGYATTHEUNIVERSITYOFIOWA,REPORTEDTHATTHIRDGRADERSWHOWEREASKEDTOGESTUREWHILELEARNINGALGEBRA代数WERENEARLYTHREETIMESMORELIKELYTOREMEMBERWHATTHEYDLEARNEDTHANCLASSMATESWHODIDNOTGESTURE1ACCORDINGTOPARAGRAPH1,FREDERICMISHKINWASASKEDTOSITONHISHANDSBECAUSE_AHECOULDLITTEREXPRESSHISIDEASTHATWAYBHEALWAYSPOINTEDHISFINGERATHISPROFESSORCHISPROFESSORDIDNOTLIKEHISGESTURINGDHISGESTURESPREVENTEDHISPROFESSORFROMTHINKING2HOWISGESTURINGIMPORTANTINACQUIRINGKNOWLEDGEAITDRAWSTASTEFULRESPONSESFROMOTHERSANDINCREASESLEARNINGSPEEDBITPROMOTESSECONDLANGUAGELEARNINGANDQUICKENSTHINKINGCITPROVIDESSIGNIFICANTCLUESFORSOLVINGACADEMICPROBLEMSDITREDUCESSTUDENTSRELIANCEONTEACHERSINSTRUCTION3WHATCANBEINFERREDFROMTHEPASSAGEABOUTGESTURESPEECHMISMATCHESATHEYCANSTIMULATEOURCREATIVITYBINSTRUCTORSSHOULDMAKEFULLUSEOFTHEMCTEACHERSCANHARDLYEXPLAINNEWCONCEPTSWITHOUTTHEMDTHEYSERVEASASTEPPINGSTONETOSOLVINGREALLIFEPROBLEMS4WHATCOULDBETHEBESTTITLEOFTHEPASSAGEAHANDMOTIONS,ASECONDLANGUAGEBGESTURINGSIGNALOFUNDERSTANDINGCNEWUSESOFGESTURINGDTHESECRETCODEOFLEARNING1C考查判断推理。根据WHENHEWASINGRADUATESCHOOL,ONEOFHISPROFESSORSWASSOANNOYEDBYTHISCONSTANTGESTURING中的ANNOYED可知C正确。2A考查判断推理。根据ITELICITS引出HELPFULBEHAVIORFROMOTHERSAROUNDUS和HEACTOFGESTURINGITSELFALSOSEEMSTOQUICKENLEARNING,BRINGINGNEWKNOWLEDGEINTOCONSCIOUSNESSANDAIDINGTHEUNDERSTANDINGOFNEWCONCEPTS可推知A正确。3B考查判断推理。根据文章的最后一段可知。4D考查文章的标题。根据文章的第二段可知文章的主题是THESECRETCODEOFLEARNING。【2012哈师大附中高三期中】BEIJING13,JULYCHINASENTUPANEWDATARELAYSATELLITE,TIANLIANI02,ONMONDAYATTHEXICHANGSATELLITELAUNCHCENTREINSOUTHWESTERNSICHUANPROVINCETHENEWSATELLITEWILLPROMOTETHECOUNTRYSSATELLITECOMMUNICATIONNETWORKFORSPACEDOCKING对接THESATELLITEWASLAUNCHEDONALONGMARCHSCCARRIERROCKETAT1141PM,SOURCESATTHECENTRETOLDXINHUANEWSAGENCYTHESATELLITESEPARATEDFROMTHEROCKET26MINUTESAFTERITSLAUNCHANDWASTHENSUCCESSFULLYDELIVEREDINTOAGEOSTATIONARYTRANSFERORBIT地球同步转移轨道DEVELOPEDBYTHECHINAACADEMYOFSPACETECHNOLOGYUNDERTHECHINAAEROSPACESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYCORPORATION,THESATELLITEISTHECOUNTRYSSECONDDATARELAYSATELLITETHEFIRST,TIANLIANI01,WASLAUNCHEDONAPRIL252008THETWOSATELLITESWILLFORMANETWORKTOIMPROVECOMMUNICATIONSBETWEENCHINASSPACECRAFTANDBASESONEARTH,ACCORDINGTOTHECENTRETHEYWILLALSOBEUSEDTOHELPTHENATIONSFIRSTSPACEDOCKING,SCHEDULEDFORTHESECONDHALFOFTHISYEARASPLANNED,CHINAWILLLAUNCHSPACEMODULETIANGONGI,WHICHWASDESIGNEDASAPLATFORMTHATWILLDOCKWITHANUNMANNEDSPACESHIP,SHENZHOU,FORTHECOUNTYSFIRSTSPACEDOCKINGMISSIONTHISYEARTWOMORESHENZHOUSPACESHIPSWILLDOCKWITHTIANGONGINEXTYEAR,ANDONEWILLBEMANNEDBYTWOORTHREEASTRONAUTS,ACCORDINGTOCHINAMANNEDSPACEENGINEERINGOFFICE,WHICHWASTHEMAINUSEROFTHETIANLIANISERIESDATARELAYSATELLITES“THENEWSATELLITECANCOVERAGREATERAREATOTRACKANDCOMMANDTHECOUNTRYSSPACEVEHICLESINLOWEARTHORBITS,SUCHASMANNEDSPACECRAFTANDREMOTESENSINGSATELLITES,FROMAHIGHERPOSITIONMOUTERSPACEONLYTHREESATELLITESOFTHISKINDARENEEDEDTOFORMAGLOBALCOMMUNICATIONNETWORK,ANDCHINAHASTWONOW“PANGZHIHAO,ARESEARCHERANDDEPUTYEDITORINCHIEFOFSPACEINTERNATIONAL,SAIDTHESATELLITECOULDALSOEQUIPASTRONAUTSWITHREALTIMECOMMUNICATIONS,WHICHWILLBENEFITTHECOUNTYSFUTUREMANNEDSPACEFLIGHTS,HESAID1WHATISTHEMAINPURPOSETOSENDUPTIANLIANI02ATOTESTTHEFUNCTIONOFALONGMARCHSCCARRIERROCKETBTOCARRYSOMEASTRONAUTSINTOSPACETODOSOMERESEARCHCTOSENDMOREINFORMATIONANDCLEARERPICTURESTOMOBILEPHONESONTHEEARTHDTOPROMOTETHECOUNTRYSSATELLITECOMMUNICATIONNETWORKFORSPACEDOCKING2WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISTRUEACCORDINGTOTHENEWSREPORTASHENZHOUISAMANNEDSPACESHIPBTIANGONGIWILLDOCKWITHTHREESHENZHOUSPACESHIPSNEXTYEARCTHESATELLITEISOFGREATIMPORTANCETOCHINASSPACEEXPLORATIONDCHINASFIRSTA06DOCKINGWILLBEDONEINTHESECONDHALFOFNEXTYEAR3THEBESTTITLEOFTHEPASSAGECOULDBE_ACHINALAUNCHEDANEWSPACESHUTTLEBCHINASPLANFORSPACEEXPLORATIONCCHINASPROGRESSMCHINASSPACEEXPLORATIONDNEWSATELLITEHELPSCHINASSPACEEXPLORATION【答案与解析】神州7号，天宫系列，中国的航天取得令世人瞩目的成绩，多颗卫星的发射使得中国的太空探索如虎添翼。1D事实判断题。根据文章第一段的“THENEWSATELLITEWILLPROMOTETHECOUNTRYSSATELLITECOMMUNICATIONNETWORKFORSPACEDOCKING（对接）”可知答案。2C推理判断题。A,B和D为错误叙述，与事实不符合。文章着重强调该卫星的重要性。3D主题概括题。全文阐述新卫星对中国太空事业发展的影响，最后一段更是揭示了这一主题。【雅礼中学2012届高三月考试卷（四）】SEVERALANIMALSPECIESINCLUDINGGORILLASINRWANDAANDTIGERSINBANGLADESHCOULDRISKEXTINCTIONIFTHEIMPACTOFCLIMATECHANGEANDEXTREMEWEATHERONTHEIRHABITATSISNOTADDRESSED,AUNREPORTSHOWEDONSUNDAYLAUNCHEDONTHESIDELINESOFGLOBALCLIMATENEGOTIATIONSINDURBAN,THEREPORTBYTHEUNITEDNATIONSFOODANDAGRICULTUREORGANIZATIONSHOWSHOWHIGHERTEMPERATURES,THERISEINSEALEVELS,DEFORESTATIONANDEXCESSIVELANDUSEHAVEDAMAGEDTHEHABITATSOFCERTAINSPECIES,ESPECIALLYINAFRICA“MANYECOSYSTEMSHAVEALREADYBEENSTRESSEDBYINCREASINGPOPULATION,HISTORICALANDRECENTDEFORESTATION,UNSUSTAINABLEMANAGEMENTPRACTICESANDEVENINVASIVESPECIES,“EDUARDOROJASBRIALES,ASSISTANTDIRECTORGENERALATTHEFAOSFORESTRYDEPARTMENT,SAIDATTHELAUNCHOFTHEREPORTTHEMOSTAFFECTEDAREASINCLUDEMOUNTAINS,ISOLATEDISLANDSANDCOASTALAREAS,WHICHLIMITTHEPOSSIBILITIESFORANIMALSTOMIGRATEELSEWHEREANDCREATENEWHABITATS“THEREMAININGPOPULATIONSBECOMEENCLOSEDINVERYSMALLECOSYSTEMS,THEYHAVEINBREEDING（近亲交配）PROBLEMSANDATTHEENDTHESESPECIESMAYDISAPPEAR,“HEADDEDOTHEREXAMPLESOFAFFECTEDANIMALSINCLUDEDELEPHANTSINMALI,LIONSINTHESERENGETIANDCROCODILESINMALAWITHEREPORTSAIDANESTIMATED2030PERCENTOFPLANTANDANIMALSPECIESWILLBEATHIGHERRISKOFEXTINCTIONDUETOGLOBALWARMINGANDASIGNIFICANTPROPORTIONOFENDEMICSPECIESMAYBECOMEEXTINCTBY2050ASACONSEQUENCEOTHERCONSEQUENCESCOULDINCLUDETHESPREADOFINVASIVESPECIESANDINFECTIOUSDISEASES,ITSAIDTHEREPORTURGESMOREFOCUSONRESTORATIONOFDAMAGEDECOSYSTEMS,ESPECIALLYTHOSEKEYTOTACKLING（应对）CLIMATECHANGESUCHASMANGROVES（红树林）,INLANDWATERS,FORESTS,SAVANNAHS（非洲大草原）ANDGRASSLANDSTHEFAOALSOCALLEDFORTHECREATIONOFMIGRATIONCORRIDORSFORANIMALSINAREASWHERETHEIRMOVEMENTWASCONSTRAINEDTHEORGANIZATIONSAIDWHILEMORERESOURCESWEREFLOWINGTOBIODIVERSITYCONSERVATION,MOREACTIONATTHEGOVERNMENTANDPOLICYLEVELWASNEEDEDITALSOURGEDLOCALCOMMUNITIESTODEVELOPPROJECTSTHATMITIGATETHEIMPACTOFCLIMATECHANGEONWILDLIFE,NAMINGECOTOURISMACTIVITIESASANEXAMPLE56WHYAREMOUNTAINS,ISOLATEDISLANDSANDCOASTALAREASBECOMINGTHEMOSTAFFECTEDAREAS,ACCORDINGTOTHEPASSAGEABECAUSEANIMALSTHEREAREMORELIKELYTOMIGRATETOOTHERPLACESANDCREATENEWHABITATSBBECAUSEOFHIGHERTEMPERATURESANDTHERISEINSEALEVELSTHERECBECAUSEITISLESSPOSSIBLEFORANIMALSTOMOVETOOTHERPLACESANDCREATENEWHABITATSDBECAUSEOFTHESPREADOFINVASIVESPECIESANDINFECTIOUSDISEASES57WHATDOESTHEUNDERLINEDWORD“MITIGATE”INTHELASTPARAGRAPHMEANAMAKINGSOMETHINGBECOMELESSSERIOUSBMAKINGUSEOFCDEVELOPINGDMOVINGFROMONEPLACETOANOTHER58ALLOFTHEFOLLOWINGARETRUEEXCEPT“”ATHEINCREASINGPOPULATION,HISTORICALANDRECENTDEFORESTATION,UNSUSTAINABLEMANAGEMENTPRACTICESANDEVENINVASIVESPECIESHAVEPUTGREATPRESSUREONTHEECOSYSTEMBWESHOULDPAYMOREATTENTIONTOTHERESTORATIONOFDAMAGEDECOSYSTEMSCALLTHEPLANTSANDANIMALSPECIESWILLBEATHIGHERRISKOFDISTINCTIONDUETOGLOBALWARMINGBY2050DFORANIMALSLIVINGINAREASWHERETHEIRMOVEMENTSWERELIMITED,WESHOULDCREATEMORECORRIDORSFORTHEM59WHATCANWEINFERFROMTHELASTTWOPARAGRAPHSATHEREARENORESOURCESAVAILABLETOCONSERVETHEBIODIVERSITYBITISTHELOCALCOMMUNITIESRATHERTHANTHEGOVERNMENTTHATSHOULDTAKEMEASURESTOPROTECTTHESPECIESFROMEXTINCTIONCITISBETTERFORTHELOCALCOMMUNITIESTORESTRICTECOTOURISMACTIVITIESDTHEGOVERNMENTSHOULDTAKESOMEMEASURESANDSOMEPOLICIESSHOULDBE