2011中考英语复习课本知识整理九年级知识梳理

2011中考英语复习课本知识整理九年级Units 7-8【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1.go on vacation 去度假 2.trek through the jungle 徒步穿越丛林3.some day 有朝一日 4.one of the liveliest cities 最有活力的城市之一5.be supposed to do sth. 应该干。 6.pack light clothes 穿薄衣服7.take a trip 去旅行8.provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为了某人提供某物9.be away 离开，远离 10.according to 根据。按照。 11.work as tour guides 做导游的工作12.dream of 梦想，想到 13.be willing to do sth. 愿意干。14.achieve ones dreams 实现梦想15.hold on to 保持，不要放弃（卖掉）16.take it easy 从容 轻松 不紧张 17.this time of year 一年中的这个时候19.in general 通常 ,大体上, 一般而言19.clean up 清扫 20.give out 分发，发放21.cheer up=makehappier 使.高兴，使.振作22.come up with=think up 提出，想出 23.put off 推迟24.hand out 分发，发放 25.call up 打电话26.set up=establish 建立 27。be home to sb 是某人的家园28.volunteer ones time to do sth 自愿花时间干.29.putto use 把.投入使用 30.plan to do sth 计划干.打算干31.run out of 用完，耗尽 32.take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象33.fix up 修理 34.give away 捐赠 35.be similar to 与.相似36.ask for 索要 37.hang out 闲荡 38.help.out 帮助.做事，解决难题（摆脱困境）II. 重要句型 1. Where would you like to go on vacation, Sam? Sam, 你想到哪儿去度假？2. I like places where the weather is always warm. 我喜欢天气总是温和的地方。3. Id like to go somewhere relaxing. 我想去一个能让人心情舒畅的地方。4. Here are some of the findings of a survey about hopes and dreams, in which thousands of students across china took part.这里有一些全中国参与这项活动的数千万名学生的愿望和梦想的调查结果.5. It seems some students would like to start work as soon as possible, so that they can help provide better lives for their parents.一些学生好象想尽快的参加工作，以便他们能帮助父母过上更好的生活6Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。III. 重要语法 动词不定式【课文解析】(2)include为动词，意为“包含，包括，包括在内”。 The cat family includes lions and tigers猫科动物包括狮和虎。 (3)included为形容词，意为“包括在内的”，无比较等级，常用于名词之后。它和 including引起的短语含义相同，但在句中位置不同。 Everyone in the room laughed，the serious manager included 屋里的人都笑了，包括那个严肃的经理。 3provide v提供；供应；供给 The peasants provide us with grain and vegetables农民供给我们粮食和蔬菜。(1)provide用作及物动词，意为“提供，供应，供给”，表示供给所需物品以方便使用，后常接名词或代词作宾语或双宾语，并且常和介词 withfor 搭配使用。 provide sbwith sth与 provide sthfor sb意思相 同，均为“为某人提供某物”，两者通常可相互转换。 Mr Smith provided food for us 一 Mr Smith provided us with food史密斯先生为我们提供食物。 He also asked other people to provide you with more money for your research 一 He also asked other people to provide more money for you for your research他也让其他人为你的研究提供更多的资金。 (2)provide用作不及物动词，意为“养，抚养”，常和介词 for搭配使用。 Must he provide for his family? 他必须抚养他的家人吗? He was very poor because hed to provide for five children他很穷，因为他要抚养五个孩子。 3. continue v(使)继续；坚持下去 Other students hope to continue studying after finishing schoo1其他学生希望离校后继续学习。(1)continue为动词，意为“继续，持久”，指任何进程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续小断、无间歇、无终止；有时也可以指短暂停止后继续进行。continue 后可跟名词、动名词、不定式或名词性从句作宾语。 He continued the work for two days他连续两天都在做这项工作。 (2)continue后既可接动词 v.一 ing形式，也可接动词不定式，含义却不同。continue doing sth意为“继续做 原来的事”，此时可与 go on doing sth互换；continue to do sth意为“继续做某事(另一件事情)”。 He continued watching me他继续观察我。 After finishing Unit 6，lets continue to learn Unit 7学完第 6单元后，让我们继续学第 7单元。(1)go on指尤间歇或有间歇地继续，或以某种特定方式继续。go on to do sth表示“接着去做另一件事”，指开始做另外一件事情；go on doing sth表示“继续做原来所做的事情”。After doing his homework，he went on to preview his lessons做完家庭作业之后，他继续预习他的功课。After a good rest，he went on doing his research好好休息之后，他继续做他的研究。(2)last意为“持续，延续，维持”，指某事物继续存在或某种现象在时间上的延续，说明某一动作要延续一段时间，因此常与延续性的时间状语连用，为不及物动词，后面不接宾语。She wont last long in that job那项工作她做不了多久。4fix v修理You should get somebody to fix the door.你最好请人把门修一下。(1)fix up意为“修理，安装，安排，搭起”等，属于“动词+副词”型短语动词，代词作宾语时，应置于动词和副词之间。 The machine doesnt workIll have to ask someone to fix it up这台机器坏了。我得找人来修好它。 (2)fix sbup with sth意为“为某人供应某物”或“为某人安排某事”。 If you apply at the office，I am sure they can fix you up with a job如果你向办事处申请，我确信他们一定会给你安排一项工作的。 指点迷津 fix，repair 与 mend (1)fix表示“修理，组装”，指把损坏的或不能正常工作的东西修复到正常状态或工作程序中，有时可以与 repair互换，一般不用于修补衣物等。 My elder brother often helps others to fix TV set我哥哥经常帮人修理电视机。 (2)repair指修理构造较复杂的东西或损坏较严重的较大的物体，使之恢复原状或再次完整，常用于修理建筑、堤坝、机器、车辆等。 repair a car修汽车 Im going to have my watch repaired this Sunday这个星期天我打算找人把我的手表修一下。 (3)mend指修补被打破、撕破、穿破的物品或衣服及破损的简单日常用具，使之呵再用，常用于修补衣服、鞋袜等小东西，也可用于修理道路、门窗等。 mend a toy 修理玩具 The workmen are mending the road工人们正在修路。 Perhaps someday Ill be rich说不定有朝一我会发财。 Maybe someday youll both meet again你们俩可能有一天又会见面。 I wish I could fly to the moon some day我希望将来的某一天我能飞到月球上去。 2On the other hand 另一方面On the other hand，students dream of very different things另一方面，学生们梦想着非常不同的事情。(1)on the other hand用来连接上下文，前后用逗号，意为“另一方面”，表示转折。He is clever。but on the other hand。He makes many mistakes他很聪明，但是另一方面，他出了许多错误。(2)on the one hand一方面，常与 on the other hand对应使用。On the one hand，its raining，on the other hand，he doesnt like the movie一方面，天在下雨，另一方面，他不喜欢那部电影。(3)on the other hand有时可表示“而，却”。Father and mother wanted to go out for a walk， the children，on the other hand，wanted to stay at home and play with their friends爸爸妈妈想出去散步，而孩子们却想待在家里和朋友们玩。3give out 分发You could give out food at the food bank你可以在食品站发放食品。(1)give out意为“分发，发放”，“动词+副词”构成，同义短语为 hand out。He is giving out the paper to his classmates他在给他的同学们分发纸张。(2)give out意为“分发”时，其反义词组为 give in，意为 “交上 ，呈上”：give out 还可意为“用完，耗尽”，为不及物动词词组，主语是被用光、耗尽之物。Give your examination papers in after you have finished你们把试卷做完后交上来。 Our food will give out我们的食物要吃完了。 (3)give out意为“发出 某种光、热、烟、雾”时，与 give off同义。 The flowers in my garden give outoff a sweet smell我花园里的花散发出 芬芳的味道。 4cheer up 使高兴起来He looks sadLets cheer him up他看起来很伤心，让我们使他高兴起来吧。cheer up是“ 动词+剐词” 构成的动副型短语，它既可作及物动词词组 ，又可作不发物动词词组 ，意为“使高兴起来，使振作起来”。 Cheer up! You can try again振作起来!你可以再试试。 Shell cheer up if we care for her如果我们天心她，她会振作起来。In order to cheer her up，her friends had a party for her为了使她高兴朋友们为她开了个晚会。“动词十副词”构成的短语动词(1)常见的相当于及物动词的这类短语动词有：cheer up(使振奋；使高必)，clean up(打扫干净)，set up(摆放；建设)，put up(建立；发布)，cut up(切碎)，fix up(修理)，work out(制定出；算出 )，give out(发放；消耗尽)，give away(赠送；分发)，think over(仔细考虑)，turn over (把翻过米)，hand in(交上)，get in(进入)等。这类短语动词，若跟名词作宾语时，一般放在短语动词之后，也可放在中间。He took off his coatHe took his coat off但代词作宾语时，宾语一般要放在短语动词的中间。(2)常见的棚当于不及物动词的短语动词有：get up(起床)，start off(出发)，come back(回来)，get down(下来)，hold on(等一等；别挂断)，look out(当心；小心)，get away(逃走)等。5put off 推迟：拖延Well have to put off our visit until next week我们将不得不把访问推迟到下周。put off意为“推迟；拖延”，off 为副词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，代词作宾语需放在 put和 off中间。 The meeting has been put off because of the rain会议因大雨而延期举行。Dont put off till tomorrow what you can do today今天能做的事，不要拖延到明人。(今日事，今日毕。)Please dont put off doing your homework请你(们)不要推迟做作业。【中考连线】 They had to _the 800-meter race because of the bad wearherAput on Bput off Cget on Dget up一 My parents are always strict with me一 Dont be angryYoull understand them Aany time Bin a hurry C in fact Dsome day根据汉语意思完成句子我们一致同意将会议推迟到明天。We are that the meeting should be_ till tomorrow答案：B 点拨：本题考查短语的用法。put on穿上”；put off“推迟”get on“上车”get up“起床”。由句意可知“由于坏的天气；他们必须推迟 800米赛跑”可知选 B。答案：D 点拨：此题考查短语辨析。句意：“我的父母总是对我很严格。”“不要生气，将来莱一天你会理解他们的。”any time意为“任何时候”；in a hurry意为“匆忙地”；in fact意为“事实上”；some day意为“将来某一天”。答案：in agreement，put off 点拨：考查短语 in agreement“同意”及 put off“推迟。延期”。考点句型1. Where would you like to go on vacation, Sam? Sam, 你想到哪儿去度假？（1）句中的 would like表示“想要”，是一种较委婉礼貌的说法，常用于以下几种句式：would like名词（或代词），意为“想要”。例如：Id like a new computer. 我想要一台新计算机。（其中 Id是 I would的缩写）Hed like some hamburger and juice. 他想要汉堡包和果汁。（其中 Hed是 He would的缩写）would like to do，意为“想做”。例如：Shed like to go there alone. 她想单独去那里。Wed like to see our teacher in hospital this Sunday. 这个星期天，我们想去看看住院的老师。would like 名词（或代词）to do，表示“希望做”。例如：Id like you to meet my friends. 我希望你见见我的朋友们。Id like them to stay for dinner with us. 我希望他们留下来和我们共进晚餐。would like名词（或代词）形容词，意为“喜欢 呈状”。例如：Id like the windows open at night. 晚上（睡觉）我喜欢开着窗户。Id like this trouble settled at once. 我希望这件麻烦事能马上得以解决。（2）辨析：would like 与 want二者都有“想要”的含义，但 would like较 want更加委婉。二者后面都可接“名词或不定式”，也可接“名词不定式”的结构，would like在口语中常说成“d like”，可适用于所有人称；而 want则要根据人称和数的变化而变化。在语言表达中，二者大多可以互换使用，但在语气的委婉程度上是有差别，这一点在具体的语言环境中要注意。例如：She wants a cup of coffee. = Shed like a cup of coffee. 她想要一杯咖啡。His uncle would like to buy a new car. = His uncle wants to buy a new car. 他叔叔想买辆新车。My friends want to play soccer after school. = My friends would like to play soccer after school. 我的朋友想在放学后踢足球。（3）on vacation 意为“在度假，在休假中”，这主要是美式用法，英国人常用 on holiday. 其中的介词 on是表示状态、方法等，意思是“进行中，在中，于状态”。例如：The Smith family is now on vacation. 史密斯一家正在度假。（也可用 on holiday）My uncle has gone to France on vacation（holiday）. 我叔叔到法国去度假了。There are a lot of new spring suits on sale in the shop. 这个商店里有许多新上市的春装在出售。She met an old friend on her way to school. 在上学的途中，她遇到了一位老朋友。（4）go +on（或 for）名词，常表示“去”。例如：Lets go on a journey on May Day. “五一”节我们去旅行吧。Theyd like to go on a picnic this weekend. 这个周末他们想去野餐。Would you like to go for a swim after school? 放学以后你想去游泳吗？Lets go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后我们去散步吧2I love places where the people are really friendly我喜欢去人们真得很友好的地方。where在此句中为关系副词，引导定语从句，并在从句中充当地点状语。where 引导定语从do帮助他人不但让我感觉心情舒畅。而且我也花时间做了我想做的事情。(1)本句是由 not onlybut(also)连接的两个分句。其中，not 为否定词，位于句首时句子要部分倒装。并且只有连接两个分句时，才能倒装第一个分句。not onlybut also意为“不但而且”。 Not only did Mike pass the exam，but also he got good marks迈克不仅通过了考试，而且还得了高分。 (2)not onlybut also可用来连接两个并列成分以及并列句，连接主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则。 Not only him but also l want together不但他想去那，我也想去。 【中考连线】Ive found some pictures of the most interesting places _you can visit during the winter holidays.Awhere Bwhich C what Dthat一 Im very tired these days because of studying for physics一 Why not _musicIt can make you_.Alisten to；relaxed Bto listen to；to relax Clistening tl；relax Dlistened to; relax Do you think most of the people in Beijing can talk with foreigners in English?Yes，I think so_the young _the old are learning to speak EnglishAEither；or BNeither；nor CBetween；and DNot only：but also答案：D 点拨：此题考查定语从句。当先行词被最高级修饰时，定语从句用 that而不用 where或 which来引导，故选D。答案：A 点拨：why not 相当于 why dont you，后跟动词原形，意为“为什么不”make 后跟形容词作宾语补足语，在此意为“使你放松”。故选 A。答案：D 点拨：由句意“大部分北京人能与外国人用英语交谈”可知，此处应用 not onlybut also连接句子的主语。In the picture, there is an Arab on the camel going across the desert. 那张画上，一个阿拉伯人骑在骆驼上正在过沙漠。V辨析：else 与 otherelse与 other都可作形容词，表示“别的”，“其他的”，但用法却大不相同。else 只用于修饰不定代词，疑问代词和疑问副词，并且必须要位于这些修饰词之后，作后置定语；而 other用来修饰名词，其位置与 else正好相反，它位于被修饰的名词之前。请注意体会比较下面各句：“Do you have anything else to say? ”“Nothing else. ”“你还有别的什么要说的吗？”“没什么别的了。”What else can you see in the picture? 在图画中，你还能看到别的什么吗？Where else did you go in the summer vacation? 暑假里你还去了别的什么地方吗？There must be somebody else in the classroom. 教室里肯定还有别的人。The other students are drawing by the lake. 别的学生都在湖边画画。I remember I have read the story in some other book. 我记得我在别的书上看过这个故事。单元测试题听力部分 （共 14分）一、听对话，选择与对话内容相符的图片，将代表图片的字母填写在相应序号后的括号内。每段对话读两遍。 （共6分，每小题 1分）请看第一组的四幅图片。听三段对话，回答第 1 3小题。A. B. C. D.1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 请看第二组的四幅图片。听三段对话，回答第 4 6小题。A. B. C. D. 4. ( ) 5. ( ) 6. ( ) 二、听对话，根据其内容，从下列各题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选择最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。 （共 8分，每小题 1分）听第一段对话，回答第 7 8小题。 7. Where does the woman get news?A. On the Internet. B. In newspapers. C. On TV. 8. What does Bill like doing?A. Surfing on the Internet. B. Watching TV. C. Reading.听第二段对话，回答第 9 11小题。9. Whats the name of the movie?A. The Year 2050. B. The Year 2015. C. The Year 2055.10.Why does the woman say she didnt believe her eyes?A. She cant understand the movie.B. Many changes will take place.C. The movie was a different one.11.What suggestion does the man give the woman?A. Keep a healthy diet and do sports.B. See the future with her own eyes.C. Go to the movie again with him.听第三段对话，回答第 12至第 14小题。12.Who made the telephone call?A. Peter. B. Helen. C. Tom.13.Which group won the first place in the class?A. Toms. B. Peters. C. Lindas.14. Why did the girl say “sorry”?A. She was not able to help her group.B. She didnt see their posters.C. She missed the classes.请打开第二卷，看第一大题听力试题。该试题需要在第二卷第一大题的相应位置上作答。基础知识运用（共 36分）三、单项选择。（共 15分，每小题 1分）15. My sister dances_ music whenever she listens to any.A. in B. to C. on D. of16. Jimmy called up all his friends and told _ about his problem.A. them B. him C. his D. they17. He likes the musicians who can _.A. sing along with B. dance toC. write their own songs D. explain things well18. - Which do you like better, coffee or tea? - I _ tea _ coffee.A. like, better B. prefer, better C. prefer, to D. like than19. The terrible smell makes me _ sick.A. feel B. feeling C. to feel D. felt20. I love