燃料电池及其发展前景论文.doc -- 8 元

本科毕业论文（设计）论文题目燃料电池及其发展前景学生姓名所在院系机电学院所学专业应用电子技术教育导师姓名完成时间I摘要随着科学技术的发展以及人们生活水平的提高，人类对能源的需求量大幅度增加。而随着化石能源煤炭、石油、天然气的日渐枯竭，开发利用可再生资源的能源体系、调整能源结构成为人类社会迫切需要解决的问题。燃料电池是举世公认的高效、便捷及有益于环境的绿色能源装置。燃料电池具有高效、环保、安全、可靠性高等特点，可同时解决能源和环保两大世界难题，是未来氢经济时代新兴产业链的核心，将降低对石油进口依赖，保障国家能源安全，减少温室效应，改善环境质量。本文对燃料电池的基本概念，基本工作原理作了具体叙述，对其工作效率和提高工作效率的方法作了定量讨论，燃料电池具有非同寻常的性能电效率可达60％以上，而且可以在带着部分负荷运行的情况下进行维修，除了有低比率碳氧化物排放外几乎没有任何有害的排放物。文章介绍按温度划分的5种主要燃料电池AFC、PAFC、MCFC、PEMFC、SOFC的性能，重点介绍高温固体氧化物燃料电池SOFC的应用及其发展前景。关键词燃料电池绿色能源高温固体氧化物燃料电池IIAbstractWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,aswellasimprovementoflivingstandards,humandemandforenergyincreased.Andasfossilfuelscoal,petroleum,naturalgastheincreasingdepletionofresources,developmentandutilizationofrenewableenergysystems,adjustmentofenergystructureofhumansocietyhasbecomeanurgentneedtobeaddressed.Fuelcelliswidelyrecognizedasefficient,convenientandenvironmentallysoundgreenenergydevices.Fuelcellswithhighefficiency,environmentalfriendly,safety,highreliabilityandsoon,canalsosolvetheenergyandgreentheworldstwomajorproblemsinthefuturehydrogeneconomyera,thecoreoftheemergingindustrychain,itwillreducedependenceonoilimportstoprotectthenationalenergysafetyandreducethegreenhouseeffect,toimprovethequalityoftheenvironment.Inthispaper,thebasicconceptandbasicworkingprincipleoffuelcellsarespecificallydescribed,Theefficiencyandthemethodstoincreaseefficiencyofthefuelcellsarediscussedthroughquantitative.FuelcellshadtheunusualcharacteristicItspowerefficiencyismorethan60,youcanrepairandmaintainitwithoutunloading,butinadditiontothelowratioofcarbonoxideemissionsoutside,virtuallynootherharmfulemissions.ThisarticledescribesthefourkindsofmainfuelcellsdividedinaccordancewiththetemperaturePEMFC,PAFC,MCFCandSOFCperformance,focusingonhightemperaturesolidoxidefuelcellSOFCapplicationanditsdevelopmentprospects.KeywordsfuelcellgreenenergySOFCIII目录1绪论..............................................................12燃料电池的发展....................................................22.1燃料电池的发展阶段............................................22.1.1实验室研究阶段.............................................22.1.2实用性开发阶段.............................................22.2燃料电池在国外的发展..........................................22.2.1燃料电池在美国的发展.......................................32.2.2燃料电池在加拿大的发展.....................................32.2.3燃料电池在德国的发展.......................................32.2.4燃料电池在日本的发展.......................................42.3燃料电池在国内的发展..........................................43燃料电池的工作原理、分类及优点....................................53.1燃料电池的工作原理............................................53.2燃料电池的分类................................................73.2.1碱性燃料电池（AFC）........................................73.2.2磷酸型燃料电池PAFC.......................................73.2.3熔融碳酸盐型燃料电池MCFC.................................83.2.4质子交换膜燃料电池PEMFC..................................83.2.5固体氧化物燃料电池SOFC...................................83.3燃料电池的优点.................................................94固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）.......................................104.1固体氧化物燃料电池的概述.....................................104.2SOFC的工作原理...............................................104.3SOFC的优点...................................................104.4SOFC在配电市场方面的潜力.....................................114.5SOFC技术应用的扩展...........................................115燃料电池的发展前景...............................................136结语.............................................................13致谢...............................................................14参考文献...........................................................15