2010四级听力教案

2010 年四级听力总结I. 教学目标:帮助学生通过四级考试II. 教学方法方法技巧,实战训练III 四级听力考试说明:听力理解部分分值比例为 35%:其中听力对话 15%,听力短文 20%.听力对话部分包括短对话和长对话的理解;听力短文部分包括选择题型的短文理解和复合式听写. 与原来的四级相比听力的分值由 20%上升到现在的 35%，题型也丰富为小对话、长对话、短文章、复合式听写 4 种。听力考查将分为 3 个部分：第一部分由 8 个小对话和 2 个长对话组成，每个长对话之后会有 3 到 4 道题；第二部分是 3 篇小文章；第三部分为复合式听写。IV 具体方法分析: (1) 短对话类题型分析有关身份，关系，职业身份职业题是四级听力的常考题型，它本质上与地点题中给出的表示地点的“特色词”这类题型相同，要注意判断对话所处的场景就可以判断出说话人的身份职业。常见提问方式What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?What is the man/ woman?What is the mans job/ occupation?What does the man/ woman do?What kind of job does the man / woman have?What most likely is the man/ woman?Who is the man / woman most likely speaking to?相关的提示语1. airport staff and custom officersAirlines（航空公司）, aircraft（飞机，航空班）, airport（飞机场）, arrive at Gate2, an aisle（走道） seat, boarding the plane（上飞机）(board with someone 在某人家寄宿), boarding card（登机证）, baggage claim tag（标签）, depart from（离开）, flight, land, make an reservation（预订） , seat belt（安全带）, take off（起飞）, timetable（时间表）, window seat（窗座） , etc.May I have a look at your passport（护照）, sir/ madam?Here is the ticket.Do you have anything to declare（宣布，宣告）, sir/ madam?2. bank clerks（职员） and customers（顾客） custom 习俗，习惯 Account 账户on no account 决不，of great account 很重要, bank account 银行账户, bank note 钞票，纸币, balance, cash, cash a check, checking account, deposit 定金，存储, draw 取出存款, exchangeinto, exchange rate, fill in a form 填表, interest 利润, interest rate 利率, put in 提交, open an account 开户 , savings 储金, withdraw 提取, ect.Id like to put in/ deposit/ withdrawI want to cash 兑现 this check.I want to change some US dollars into RMB.23. doctors, nurses and patientsambulance, advice, advise, ache, blood pressure, bacteria, bruise, burn, cold cough, chill, check-up, cramp, dentist, dental, doctor, disease, dizzy, emergency room, examination, flu, fever, feel sick, faint, general ward, infection, injection, in-patient department, insomnia, itch, isolation ward, prescription, sore throat, stomachache, treat, ward, X-rays, etc.Whats wrong with you?Whats the trouble with you?Whats up?May I have a look at your?I will have your temperature taken.Youd better have a physical check-up.Take the medicine three times a day.4. librariansassistant, author catalogue, alphabetical order, be due, borrow, book, bookshelf, card catalogue, call number, circulation, copy, due, fine, indicator, index, latest issue, latest edition, overdue, order, pay fines, reference book, return, renew, subject, up-to-date information, etc.Can I help you?What can I do for you?May I borrow?How long can I keep it?You have to renew it.You have to pay a fine for5. post office clerksanimal, cable, call, collect call, deliver, dial, envelope, extension, express mail, fill in forms, install aphone, long distance call, mail, mailman, mail service, post, postage, postman, post office, post code, parcel, package, registered mail, regular mail, service, stamp, special delivery, surface mail, telephone, telegram, telegraph, yellow page, zip code, ect.I d like to send a letter toWhat kind of mail?How long does it take?Have you got the stamps?Excuse me, where can I buy the envelopes?6. customers and waitersalcohol, appetite, appetizer, bill, bar, beef, beef, beverage, brandy, bread, cake, cafeteria, chocolate cake, coffee, Coke, course, dessert, go Dutch, hamburger, hot dog, hot drink, juice, jam, main dish, make reservation, main course, menu, order, pay the bill, pie, pizza, prefer, sandwich, soft drink, steak, sugar, tea, taste, treat, toast, tip, table, wine, whisky, etc.How many people are there in your group?Id like to sit by the window.Are you ready to order, sir?May I take your order, sir?What would you recommend?What is your specialty?3Waiter, bring me the bill.policemen and policewomendriving, driving license, fine, give someone a ticket, speeding, traffic lights, etc.Excuse me, the speed limit here isYou are exceeding the speed limit.You can pay the fine or report to the police station.7. students and teachersacademic, academic year, academy, achievement, activity, arts, assignment, bachelors degree, be late for, canteen, clinic, cafe, campus, credit, club, coffee bar, course, compulsory course, computer room, dictation, deadline, degree, dormitory, essay, exam, examination, experiment, expense, enroll, fail, fee, freshman, graduate, gymnasium, homework, junior, liberal arts, lecture, lecturer, lodging, masters degree, optional course, paper, pass, presentation, professor, professionalOpen your books and turn to pageTodays assignment isSorry, sir, I forgot to take my homework.The mid-term exam is more difficult than I expected.8. customers and shop-assistantsbargain, buy, book, dictionary, discount, edition, magazine, paperback, periodical, regular price, order, on sale, out-of-print, capsule, dose, digestive, mixture, pill, prescription, powder, sleeping pill, assistant, bargain, buy, case, charge, childrens wear, cheap, color, cost, customer, discount, dress, expensive, fashionable, fit, for sale, jeans, out of date, price, size, sweat, shirt, skirt, etc.What can I do for you?Can I help you?What size are you in?What color do you like?How about this one?You can pay at the cashiers.Please show meId like to have a look atHow much is it?Do you have a bigger one?Id like to change it to a smaller one.May I try it on?Here is the money.9. hotel receptionistbreakfast, bathroom, book a room, check in, check out, cafe, double room, front desk, guest, information desk, make a reservation, porter, reception, reserve, register, single room, service, serve, star hotel, suit, etc.Welcome to our hotel. Would you fill in the form, please?Whats your name, sir?May I have a look at your passport, sir?What kind of room do you like?4How much is a single room per night?Here is your key.Your room number isYou came here three days ago, is that right?出现时间与题号 准确答案 关键词汇1991 年 6 月第 3 题 Doctor and patient Stomach/examine1994 年 1 月第 7 题 Passenger and air hostess Take off1995 年 6 月第 3 题 Customer and repairman Fix my watch1997 年 6 月第 4 题 neighbors Borrow your ladder and thanks2003 年 1 月第 3 题 Mother and son You forget your promise由于整体难度较低,所以数量少,而且出现的几率也在下降.有关地点, 场所, 背景一般分为三种情况：1）在对话中提到好几个地方，然后就其中一个地方提问 2）对话中出现的地点不是题目要考的地点，做这一类题目不仅要注意对话中出场的地点，还要在脑海中勾勒出对话的场景，这样不管是问题问对话中的地点还是问对话发生在什么地方，就都可以有把握可以做对了 3）对话中没有提到任何地点，只有一些表明地点 “特色词” ，需要根据这些词判断出地点。相关的提示语1. airportairlines, airways, aircraft, airport announcement, arrival time, departure time, flight, non-smoking section, passenger, passenger load, passenger cabin, reserve a ticket, take off, ticket, timetable, etc.2. bankaccount, bank note, bank clerk, balance, bank report, cash, cash a check, deposit, draw, exchangeinto, exchange rate, fixed deposit, fill in a form, interest, interest rate, put in, open an account, savings, savings account, withdraw, etc.3. courtaccuse of, accused, case, charge with, counselor, crime, criminal, defend, defendant, evidence, jury, judge, question, sentence, serve, trial, witness, etc.4. garagea flat tire, battery, brake, emergency brake, fill, fill up the tank, fuel, gas, gasoline, gallons of super, grease the car, petrol, petroleum, regular, refill, steering wheel, super, tank, windscreen, etc.5. hotelbreakfast, bathroom, book a room, check in, check out, cafe, double room, front desk, guest, information desk, laundry, make a reservation, porter, reception, reserve, register, single room, service, serve, star hotel, suit, vacant, etc.6. shopbookshopbargain, buy, book, bookshelf, dictionary, discount, edition, magazine, paperback, periodical, regular price, order on sale, out-of-print, old edition, etc.7. drug shopantibiotic, aspirin, capsule, dose, digestive, mixture, pill, pharmacy, prescription, powder, sleeping pill, etc. 8. fashion shop5assistant, bargain, buy, case, change, childrens wear, cheep, color, cost, customer, dear, discount, dress, expensive, fashion, fashionable, fit, for sale, jeans, out of date, size, sweat, shirt, suit, tip, tag, try, etc.9. shoe shopassistant, bargain, buy, case, change, childrens shoes, cheap, color, cost, customer, dear, expensive, discount, fit, for sale, high-heel, leather, platform, price, size, slipper, shoe, tip, tag, try, etc.10. stationbus stationbus, conductor, come, driver, destination, get on, get off, late, on time, in time, road sign, terminal, ticket, wait, etc.11. railway stationannouncement, carriage, driver, express train, fast train, high speed, late, on time, passenger, passenger load, pull out, pull in, platform, schedule, sleeping car, timetable, etc.出现时间与题号 准确答案 关键词汇1993 年 6 月第 6 题 Grocerys A bottle of milk and a loaf of bread1996 年 1 月第 1 题 At his office Give you his office number1997 年 1 月第 3 题 In the hotel Room service1998 年 6 月第 10 题 On the train When you go by train2001 年 1 月第 2 题 In a gallery Oil painting2002 年 6 月第 9 题 At a newspaper office advertising2003 年 6 月第 1 题 At a restaurant Eat outside2003 年 9 月第 3 题 At a bookstore Out of print2004 年 1 月第 4 题 At an airport gate2005 年 12 月第 6 题 At a bookstore Out of stock2006 年 6 月第 15 题 restaurant Steak, order有关生活，活动，交际常见提问方式What did the man/ woman do? What will the man/ woman most probably do?What are they going to do next?What is the man/ woman doing?What has the man/ woman been doing?What does the man/ woman say he/ she is going to do?What does the man like or dislike to do?What do we learn about the man/ woman?What do we know about the man/ woman?What do we know from the conversation?What are they talking about?有关时间，价格，数量6数量价格类的题目必须将听到的数字做简单的记录,而且听到的数字多数情况之下不是准确答案.时间类的考题分为时间细节题和时间运算类.1）数的读法：236，1200， 2，425，9122）日期年代的读法1949 年 10 月 1 日，119 A.D，1960S，21C， 每天（daily） ， 每周(weekly)，每月(monthly)，每季 (quarterly)，每年(yearly)3) “每几 ”用 every 开头；“每隔” 用 every other 开头4） 与价格有关的数字表达A)美元单位：元 dollar 角 dime 分 cent 5 美分 nickel, 25 美分 quarter B）商品打折读法：7 折：at a 70% discount 或 30% off5)倍数以及分数两倍：twice 三倍: three times 增加两倍： double 增加三倍: triple a half/ one and a half6) 与数字有关的常用表达一对 ：couple 一打：dozen天天：each day/day by day/ from day to day两周：fortnight 几天前： a few days ago/the other days7) 其他：A） 注意“十几”和“几十”的区别，多做练习即可B）根据内容做简单的加减乘除运算，记下数字心算即可 常见提问方式What time is now?What time does it begin?When does the conversation most likely take place?How often does the man/ woman.?When does the train/ plane leave for.?When did the meeting start?How long does it take to.?How many minutes was the man/ woman late for?How much is it?How much does it cost?How much does the man/ woman have to pay for the.?How much does the man owe the woman?How many courses/ lessons does the man/ woman take?相关的提示语time9 oclock. 9 sharp, 9 thirty, a quarter to 9, a quarter past 9, schedule, due to, once a week, the day after tomorrow, date, next, the day before yesterday, the previous, etc.priceYuan, RMB, dollars, how much, cheap, expensive, dear, too much, cost, price, bargain, discount, cut down, etc.quantityhow much, as many as., more than, no more than, only, double, dozen, etc.7有关前因，后果，逻辑常见提问方式Why did the man/ woman.?Why cant the man/ woman.?Why was the man/ woman.?What caused the man/ woman to.?What made the man/ woman.?What do we learn about the man/ woman?What do we know about the man/ woman?相关的提示语reasonbecause, as, since, for, because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, as a result of, result from, by, from, cause, factor, now that, in that, etc.resultso, therefore, hence, thus, consequently, that, so.that., so that, cause, lead to, attribute, contribute to, give rise to, be responsible to, result in, as a result, on account for, etc.有关讲话人意见，建议，态度这类题目在听力考试中是比较简单的题目，因为英语在“建议”， “请求”和“ 提议”方面一般有固定的表达方式，而且回答的方式也很简单，要么“接受”， “同意”，要么“ 拒绝”。下面是一些句型供大家参考：1）表示建议的句型：You might as well If I were you, Maybe you should Shall we?Perhaps we should Why not?Lets Why dont you/we?Youd better Youve got toYoull have to2) 表示请求的句型I wonder if? Could you do me a favorWould you mind? Would (Will) you please?Could (Can) you ? How about?3) 表示提议的句型Shall I ? Can I?Would you like? Do you want me to?How about ? eg. How about sending this letter for me?(请求)How about letting me carry your luggage?（提议）4) 表示接受，同意的句型Thank you. Id like (love) to, tanks.OK, please. Its very nice of you doing so.5) 表示拒绝的句型No, its all right. Id be grateful, butSorry, I cant. No, I dont think it necessary.8常见提问方式How did the man/ woman respond to the.?What does the man/ woman think of.?What does the man/ woman say about.?What does the man/ woman mean?What does the man/ woman suggest? What does the man/ woman tell.to do?What do we learn from the conversation?What do we know about the man/ woman?What can be inferred from the conversation?What can be implied from the conversation?What can be conducted from the conversation?相关的提示语impossible, hardly, seldom, cant agree more, unusually, not necessarily, no need to, be sure, be certain, not at all, out of the questionI thinkI am afraid.As I see it,.You can.You might as well.Shall we.?Why bother.?How about.?Why not.?有关语法项目常见提问方式What happened to the man/ woman?Whats the mans/ womans problem?Whats wrong with the man/ woman?What will the man/ woman most probably do?What does the man/ woman mean?What do we learn from the conversation?What do we know about the man/ woman?What does the man/ woman say about?What does man/ woman say about?What can be inferred from the conversation?What can be implied from the conversation?What can be concluded from the conversation?(2) 长对话题型分析有关工作，运动，生活有关工作，运动和生活的对话理解是听力对话中常见的题型。这些场景常常涉及租房，应聘，同学聚会，家庭旅游等。这种题型要求同学们从各个问题间的内在联系提炼出中心思9想,排除错误选项,根据对话的发展预测和选出正确的选项.常见提问方式1. what does the man/woman want to do?2. what kind of jobs/sports does the man prefer?3. when/where did the conversation take place?4. who are the two speakers?相关提示语1. work accept, arrange, boring, complain, experience, important, interview, interesting job, manager, offer, office, promote, resume, etc.application form, apply for, be through with, business trip, extra hours, gains and losses, give impression, letter application, make a decision, make the effort, out of work, stay late, the next item, type letters, work overtime, etc.2. sportbasketball, beat, boating, boxing, cancel, exercise, football, game, good, partner, postpone, racing, skating, skiing, sport, swimming, tennis, volleyball, walk, win, etc.Ping-Pong, tennis, sports equipment, etc.3. lifeappetizing, apartment, available, balcony, bath, book, bread, cheap, coffee, delicious, dinner, dirty, egg, expensive, fish, food, full, furnish, furniture, heater, horrible, hungry, ice-cream, kitchen, messy, neat, noisy, order, potato, quiet, refrigerator, restaurant, rice, salad, seasoning, soup, starve, treat, vegetable, water, waiter, waitress, etc.a cup of coffee, apple pie, a real bargain, banana pie, be on diet, downtown area, eat out, fast food, fried food, get away from all the noise, low price, make the reservation, move into, save on expenses, school dining hall, single room, etc.有关教育,科学,文化常见提问方式1. How many lessons must the man/woman review over the weekend?2. What does the man/woman mean?3. What does the man/woman think of his/her lessons?4. What most probably is Mary?相关的提示语1. educationassignment, article, biology, briefing, chapter, correct, course, credit, essay, experiment, fail, improve, instructor, paper, paragraph, pass, present, presentation, professor, registration, revise, rewrite, scholar, score, semester, term, test, type, tutor, etc.a copy of, a full mark, be through with, bring sb. Up to date, call on, class permit, draw near, final exam, literature class, hear from, match exam, midterm exam, make inquiry, make progress, optical course, quality paper, reading assignment, research report, read sth. Through , stay up, take notes, typing error, etc.2. science and cultureaccomplish, accelerate, acid, achievement, accuracy, ad. Air, analyze, circuit, classify, destiny, design, diagram, stuff, iron, measure, program, process, skill, survey, education.10有关娱乐,休闲,购物常见提问方式1. What can we learn about the man from the conversation?2. Where does the woman live/work?3. Why did the man go to?相关提示语1. cinemaappreciate, audience, cinema, concert, crowded, dance, dramatic, film, movie, music, performance, ,seat, show, start, ticket, etc.a long time, back seat, real-life drama, romantic stories, etc.Is the seat all right?2. shoppingbargain, blouse, buy, clerk, colour, department, discount, dress, jacket, jean, model, rob, sell, shop, size, store, style, T-shirt, etc.for free, go shopping, on sale, out of stock, shop assistant, etc.3. telecommunicationcall, change, coin, message, operator, rate, receiver etc.answer the call, call back, cell phone, dial the number, get/make/put through, hang up, hold on, hold the line, long distance call, make a call on the phone, mobile phone, office phone number, phone book, return the call, speak to, take/leave a message, etc.Is that .?It . there?May I speak to?There is nohere.This isspeaking.4. trafficaccident, airport, bicycle, car, damage, danger, delay, fix, flight, garage, gate, hurt, kill, repair, seat, ship, shock, sign, taxi, etc.air ticket, book up, break down, cant afford a car, check-in counter, drunk driver, drunk driving, flat tyre, fly over, give sb. a ride, leave for, mechanical problem, morning flight, on the train, on the plane, one-way street, ride a bike, second-handed automobile, take a crowed bus, used car, etc.5. medicineblood pressure, cold, fever, flu, headache, hurt, injection, injury, medicine, operation, pill, serious, stomach-ache, surgery, tablet, temperature, toothache, X-rays, etc.be with a patient, feel tired, get worse and worse, make an appointment, see the doctor, twist ankle, wear out, etc.May I take your temperature?What can I do for you?Whats the matter with you?6. vacationbook, Christmas, holiday, eastern, reserve, tour, travel, view, visit, etc.go to the seaside, look forward to, the Spring Festival, travel agent, etc.117. weatherbright, clear, climate, cloudy, cold, downpour, fine, fog, foggy,