2013年四级短文填空及答案

2013 年大学英语四级短文填空题型及答案 Passage 1 2013.6Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the _47_ risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get _48_ benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important _49_ of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and _50_ bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, _51_ recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are _52_ important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are _53_ and simple flexibility training can _54_ these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, youll get an idea of how natural it is. The general _55_ is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to _56_ stretch it in an opposite position.A) AllowingB) AvoidableC) BrieflyD) ComponentE) DeterminedF) HelpingG) IncreasinglyH) LowestI) MaintainJ) MaximumK) PreventL) PrincipleM) ProvokeN) SeriouslyO) TopicPassage 2 2013.6Its the first question parents ask when their child is diagnosed with autism (自闭症). Will his future brothers or sisters have a higher risk of _47_ it, too?According to the largest study of siblings (兄弟姐妹) in families with autism, the answer is yes. Among 664 children who had at least one older sibling with the developmental disorder, the _48_ risk of autism was nearly 19%, _49_ higher than previous sibling-recurrence estimates that were anywhere from 3% to 10%. Kids with more than one older autistic sibling had an even higher risk of the disorder: 32%.The _50_ suggest that genes play a key role in autism risk. But they also hint that other environmental factors _51_ by siblings, like influences in the womb (子宫), may be important as well.On the _52_ of the findings, the researchers recommend that A) AverageB) BasisC) CommonD) ConsequentlyE) DetectionF) DevelopingG) DistributedH) DramaticallyI) IncludingJ) MonitorK) ReasonL) ResultsM) SharedN) Symbolsdoctors closely _53_ younger siblings of autistic children to pick up any early signs of the disorder, _54_ an unusually large head or delayed language development and communication skills. Evidence suggests that early _55_ and diagnosis of autism can help children take advantage of therapies that can treat some of its _56_.O) SymptomsPassage 3 2013.12Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. The mobile phone is a magic device widely used these days. Although it has been nearly 30 years since the first commercial mobile-phone network was launched, advertisers have yet to figure out how to get their _36_ out to mobile-phone users in a big way. There are 2.2 billion cell-phone users worldwide, a _37_ that is growing by about 25% each year. Yet spending on ads carried over cell-phone networks last year _38_ to just $1.5billion worldwide, a fraction of the $424 billion global ad market.But as the number of eyeballs glued to _39_ screens multiplies, so too does the mobile phones value as a pocket billboard. Consumers are _40_ using their phones for things other than voice calls such as text messaging, downloading songs and games, and _41_ the Internet. By 2010, 70 billion Asians are expected to be watching videos and TV programs on mobile phones. All of these activities give advertisers _42_ opinions for reaching audiences. During soccers World Cup last summer, for example, Adidas used real-time scores and games to _43_ thousands of fans to a website set up for mobile-phone access. “Our target audience as males aged 17 to 25,” says Marcus Spurrell, Adidas regional manager for Asia. “Their mobiles are always on, always in their pocket- you just cant _44_ cell phones as an advertising tool.” Mobile-phone marketing has become as _45_ a platform as TV, online or print.A) Accessing B) Amounted C) Approaching D) AttractE) Casual F) Characters G) Fresh H) IgnoreI) increasingly J) Message K) Patiently L) TinyM) Total N) Violated O) VitalPassage 4 2013.12What does it take to be a well-trained nurse? The answer used to be two-year associates or four-year bachelors degree programs. But as the nursing shortage _36_, a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing “fast-track programs” that A)Additional B) Applied C) Demand D) Excessiveenable college graduates with no nursing _37_ to become registered nurses with only a year or so of _38_ training.In 1991, there were only 40 fast track curricula now there are more than200. typical is Columbia Universitys Entry to Practice program. Students earn their bachelor of science n nursing in a year. Those who stay on for an _39_ two years can earn a masters degree that _40_them as nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists.Many students are recent _41_; others are career switchers. Rudy Guardron , a 2004 graduate of Columbias program, was a premedical student in college and then worked for a pharmaceutical research company. At Columbia, he was _42_ as a nurse practitioner. “I saw that nurses were in high _43_ and it looked like a really good opportunity,” he says. “Also,