二级斜齿轮减速器优化设计.doc -- 6 元

I摘要齿轮传动是现代机械中应用最广的一种传动形式。它的主要优点是①瞬时传动比恒定、工作平稳、传动准确可靠可传递空间任意两轴之间的运动和动力②适用的功率和速度范围广③传动效率高，η0.920.98④工作可靠、使用寿命长⑤外轮廓尺寸小、结构紧凑。由齿轮、轴、轴承及箱体组成的齿轮减速器,用于原动机和工作机或执行机构之间,起匹配转速和传递转矩的作用,在现代机械中应用极为广泛。国内的减速器多以齿轮传动、蜗杆传动为主，但普遍存在着功率与重量比小，或者传动比大而机械效率过低的问题。另外，材料品质和工艺水平上还有许多弱点，特别是大型的减速器问题更突出，使用寿命不长。国外的减速器，以德国、丹麦和日本处于领先地位，特别在材料和制造工艺方面占据优势，减速器工作可靠性好，使用寿命长。但其传动形式仍以定轴齿轮传动为主，体积和重量问题，也未解决好。当今的减速器是向着大功率、大传动比、小体积、高机械效率以及使用寿命长的方向发展。减速器与电动机的连体结构，也是大力开拓的形式，并已生产多种结构形式和多种功率型号的产品。近十几年来,由于近代计算机技术与数控技术的发展，使得机械加工精度，加工效率大大提高，从而推动了机械传动产品的多样化，整机配套的模块化，标准化，以及造型设计艺术化，使产品更加精致，美观化。针对减速器存在的问题，本课题采用优化设计的方法，力求使减速器的体积达到最小，建立数学模型，并通过matlab语言编辑后，得到一组优化数据，到达预期目标，使减速器的体积比传统的经验设计结果减小2030。并对输出轴做了机械加工工艺分析。关键字减速器优化设计齿轮机械传动IIAbstractWheelgearsspreadingtomoveisathemostwidekindoftheapplicationspreadstomoveaforminthemodernmachine.ItsmainadvantageBEThe①spreadstomovetosettle,workthaninamomentsteady,spreadtomoveaccuratecredibility,candeliverspacearbitrarilysportandthemotiveoftheoftwostalksPowerandspeedscope②appliesarewide③spreadstomoveanefficiencyhigh,η0.920.98④workisdependable,servicelifelong⑤Outlinesizeoutsidetheissmall,structuretightlypacked.Thewheelgearconstitutedto°fromwheelgear,stalk,bearingsandboxbodydeceleratesamachine,usedingforprimemoverandworkmachineorperformanceorganizationof,havealreadymatchedtoturnsoonanddeliverafunctionofturning,theapplicationisextremelyextensiveinthemodernmachine.⑥Localdecelerationmachinemuchwiththewheelgearspreadtomove,thepolespreadtomoveforlord,butwidespreadexistpowerandweightratiosmall,orspreadtomoveratiobigbutthemachineefficiencyleadalowproblem.Therearealsomanyweaknessesonmaterialqualityandcraftlevelmoreover,theespeciallylargedecelerationmachinesproblemismoreoutstanding,theservicelifeisntlong.Thedecelerationmachineofabroad,withGermany,DenmarkandJapanbeplacedintoleadaposition,occupyingadvantageinthematerialandthemanufacturingcraftspecially,deceleratingthemachineworkcredibilitylike,servicelifelong.Butitspreadstomoveaformtostilltakesettlingstalkwheelgeartospreadtomoveaslord,physicalvolumeandweightproblem,dontalsoresolvelikeThedirectionwhichdeceleratesamachinetoisthefacingbigpowerandspreadtomoveratio,smallphysicalvolume,highmachineefficiencyandservicelifetogrowgreatlynowadaysdevelops.Deceleratingtheconnectingofmachineandelectricmotorbodystructureisalsotheformwhichexpandsstrongly,andhavealreadyproducedvariousstructureformsandvariousproductsofpowermodelnumbers.Beclosetotenseveralinthelastyearses,controlatechnicaldevelopmentbecauseofthemoderncalculatortechniqueandthenumber,makethemachineprocessaccuracy,processanefficiencytoraiseconsumedly,pushedamachinetospreadthediversificationofmovablepropertyarticlethus,themoldpieceofthewholemachinekitturns,IIIstandardizing,andshapedesigntheartturn,makingproductmorefine,thebeautyturns.Forthereducerproblem,theissueofoptimaldesignapproachinefforttominimizethesizereducer,madethemathematicalmodel,andeditedbymatlablanguage,getasetofoptimaldatatoreachthetarget,sothatthevolumereducerexperiencethanthetraditionaldesignresultswasreducedby2030.Andtheoutputshaftofthemachiningprocessofdoing.KeywordsReductiongear、Optimaldesign、gear、mechanicaldrive1目录摘要..........................................IAbstract.........................................II绪论.............................................21优化设计........................................31.1原始数据及优化目标...........................................31.2优化方案的选择...............................................31.3数学模型的建立...............................................41.4算法的选取与建立.............................................71.5matlab语言程序编辑..........................................92轴承和传动轴的设计...............................132.1.轴的结构设计...............................................132.2轴的强度校核...............................................153键、联轴器和电动机的选择计算......................203.1键的选择计算...............................................203.2联轴器设计.................................................203.3电动机的选择...............................................214箱体结构及其附件的设计...........................224.1箱体结构的设计.............................................224.2附件设计...................................................224.3润滑密封设计...............................................245减速箱输出轴的工艺性分析.........................255.1输出轴整体工艺分析.........................................255.2选择毛坯、确定毛坯尺寸、设计毛坯图.........................275.3选择减速箱输出轴的加工方法，制定工艺路线...................285.4机床设备的选用.............................................315.5工序加工余量的确定，工序尺寸及公差的计算...................315.6机械加工工艺过程卡片.......................................36结论.........................................38致谢.........................................39参考文献.........................................40附录............................错误未定义书签。