2019届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题带解析

2019届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题带解析英 语 注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AThe National GalleryDescription:The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a different collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modem ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modem works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entranceLayout:The modem Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th- to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.The East Wing houses 18th- to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.Opening Hours:The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There:Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).21. In which centurys collection can you see religious paintings?A. The 17th. B. The 13th. C. The 18th. D. The 20th.22. Where are Leonardo da Vincis works shown?A. In the East Wing. B. In the Sainsbury Wing.C. In the main West Wing. D. In the North Wing.23. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?A. Piccadilly Circus. B. Leicester Square.C. Embankment. D. Charing Cross.BReading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookC turns the page on the traditional ides of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Peterson says the ideas is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual（虚拟）.The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.24. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A. To explain what they are.B. To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading.D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.25. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The book. B. An adventure. C. A public place. D. The identification number.26. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A. Meeting other readers to discuss it. B. Keep it safe in his bookcase.C. Pass it on to another reader. D. Mail it back to its owner.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Online Reading: A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books: A new TrendC. A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD. A Website Links People Through BooksCThe scar ran down her leg from the knee to the ankle. She brushed her fingertips over its surface, remembering.Jerry was only seven when he started surfing; by the age of eleven, he was positively incredible, moving over the face of big waves like there wasnt even a slightest bit of efforts involved in.On that day in Bah, though, the ocean had seemed strange. The waves broke like water in a washing machine, and the breaks had been heavy too, making it tough to tell whether it was better to try to catch one or to get out of its way. That was how hed misjudged.Ella had seen her brother lose control, his board was thrown out of the water riderless high into the air, but she hadnt seen him surface. Shed waited for the space of a breath. Nothing. Something, clearly, was wrong.She dashed into the water, swimming faster even than the competitions at school. Lung burning. Heart Piping-Focused.Shed found him floating just beyond the reef (暗礁), face up but knocked out cold. Just as she was paddling the water hard, her leg was hurt by the reef, a short, sharp instant of pain.No matter. She had kept Jerrys head above water, swimming all the way back to shore. That day had been the worst, scariest moment in Jerrys surfing career, which has seen him rise from a no-name kid who loved the ocean to a young star, winning competitions around the world.For Ella, her life had changed as well. She had learned something about who she was, about what she could achieve. She ran her fingers again over the scar, the physical map of the person she had become.28. Why did Ella think something was wrong?A. She didnt see Jerry come out of water.B. She had not seen Jerry lose control before.C. She saw Jerrys board high into the air.D. She noticed Jerry held his breath longer.29. What does the underlined part “positively incredible” probably mean?A. Terribly excited. B. Extremely good.C. Relatively young. D. Hardly talented.30. For Ella, the scar represents .A. her skill at saving lives B. her discovery of self-valueC. her envy of her brother D. her love for swimming career31. What can be inferred from the text?A. Ella was as outstanding an athlete as Jerry.B. Jerry learned how to surf all by himself.C. Ella was grateful for this terrible experience.D. Jerry had his leg injured in the surfing accident.DRunning is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.But while its long been believed that endorphins (脑内啡）一chemicals in the body that cause happiness 一 are behind the so-called “runners high”，a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素）may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given a drug to block their endorphins the change. However, when their endocannabinoids were block with a different drug, their runners high symptoms seemed to fade.“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but its already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UKs National Health Service even prescribes (开药方)exercise to patients who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的）depression,” it wrote on its website.It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don t fully understand where it comes from. At least if were feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.32. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?A. Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.B. The runners high could be caused by endocannabinoids.C. Endorphins may contribute to ones high spirits after running.D. The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect ones mood.33. The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to .A. find what reduces the runners high symptomsB. see the specific symptoms of the runners highC. identify what is responsible for the runners highD. test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released34. The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to .A. effect B. goal C. question D. belief35. According to the UKs National Health Service, regular workouts .A. are the best way to treat depressionB. can help ease depression symptomsC. only work for those with serious depressionD. can help people completely recover from depression第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Worry LessDo you want to worry less? Of course you do, fight? Thats like me asking if I could send you free bacon. Worry is like black moldit appears in damp conditions and spreads uncontrollably. And often times we dont realize its there until its killing us. We must get rid of worry before it destroys us. But how?_36_Do what you need to do._37_You ought not to avoid tough projects or hard conversions until the last moment. If you dont do what you should be doing, you will end up spending the rest of the time worried about the must-to-do things. Believe it or not, the anxiety that comes from worrying is much worse than the task were worried about._38_I think many of us act like were puppets（木偶）in a play and were waiting for something or someone to put us in the right place. You just react to whatever is going on._39_We need to live on purpose. Nothing can cause worry like purposelessness.Make plans.You cant have intentionality without making plans. Making plan will enable you to achieve your aims more smoothly. Yet, dont place your plans in stone. You can adjust your plans flexibly. Accept changes._40_There are other ways to lessen worry. As long as you are determined to take action, you will live a worry-free life.A. Worry ruins creativity.B. Get more intentional.C. Do what you should be doing.D. We need to stop letting life just happen.E. Make new plans and then move forward.F. You do the same as people around you do.G. Here are some effective ways to deal with it.第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I had never had a birthday party before, so at my “ripe old” age. I decided to throw one for myself. About 20 people_41_that they were coming. I dont have a lot of money, but I spent more than_42_in the $1 store to buy decorations and plates. I had a tiny_43_in order to ford all of them.I sat,I_44_,and,although all of my “friends” had said they were coming, no one_45_!The celebration was supposed to_46_at 12 noon. Here it was,4:00 pm,and_47_,no one was here. The ice-cream cake was_48_,the food on the barbecue was burnt beyond_49_.I tried really hard not to cry.I decided to sit back and relax, reflecting on the_50_moments that I did have. All of a sudden, I heard a roar of an engine, just outside my front door. Mr. Kenny, apparently, did_51_he could to show up. I cried in his_52_, sawing, Im not worth anything! He wiped away my tears,_53_me tight, and said the_54_words:I will always be your friend! The dark clouds in my mind cleared away at once.He had had so many challenges and difficulties over his past couple of weeks, but he_55_to come. As we sat outside under a blanket of clear blue skies, laughing and_56_,I felt that I was_57_.He appeared just before I wanted to give up on this_58_world.Yes, life is beautiful. Yes, there are some people who love each other for over 50 years._59_ there are some of us who do not have those luxuries（福气）.However, never give up the_60_maybe it is round the comer.41. A. applied B. pretended C. confirmed D. required42. A. last B. usual C. first D. forever43. A. budget B. plan C. destination D. purpose44. A. doubted B. hesitated C. intended D. waited45. A. hanged out B. turned around C. checked in D. showed up46. A. open B. start C. launch D. close47. A. still B. also C. ever D. too48. A. freezing B. melting C. hardening D. breaking49. A. imagination B. control C. recognition D. repair50. A. wonderful B. terrible C. different D. similar51. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything52. A. clothes B. aims C. shoulders D. hands53. A. patted B. dragged C. struck D. held54. A. magical B. practical C. familiar D. thoughtful55. A. expected B. managed C. promised D. meant56. A. thinking B. talking C. fighting D. crying57. A. betrayed B. forgotten C. respected D. blessed58. A. risky B. kind C. mean D. bright59. A. though B. while C. when D. because60. A. chance B. dream C. hope D. idea第 II 卷第三部分 英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquette (礼仪)”. According to historical documents, as early as 2,600 years ago, this nation has already established a thorough set _61_ dining etiquette.A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man _62_ (have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said, “Before drinking from his cup, he held it with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders,_63_ (say) qing (please). This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink,_64_ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at _65_ time. With every sip (一小口), he _66_ (eat) some food. Afterwards, he handed me some Chinese _67_ (coin) to show gratitude. This is a rather interestingly polite nationality. “ This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person _68_ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt _69_ (serious) with; the _70_ (important) the occasion, the more complex the procedures were.第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分 35） 第一节 短文改错（10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Patience is of great importance in our daily life. Once I waited a bus to come at a stop. 30 minutes past, but no bus came. Both upset and annoyed, I decided to walk on feet. But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived. I thought if I had waited for one more minute, I would have caught it. If I chose to take a next bus, I would have to wait for other