2014届高考英语一轮复习 Unit5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero句式与语法全方位训练 新人教版必修1.doc

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一unit 5 nelson mandela-a modern hero句式与语法should/ought to have done 表示“本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做”。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了”，ought to 在语气上比should 要强。you ought to/should have been more careful in the experiment.你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。he ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服扔了。（事实上已扔了）【常考用法】“have+过去分词”的用法还有：（1）与should/would like连用表示未实现的愿望。he would like to have seen it.他本想看看它。（但没能看到）（2）与could连用，表示过去没有的能力或过去的可能性。i could have made a lot of money.我本来能够赚到许多钱。（但我没能赚到）（3）与may/might连用，表示推想发生在过去的动作。he may/might have left.=it is possible that he（has） left.他可能已经走了。you might/could have been killed！（那时）你可能会送了命的！（4）与cant/couldnt连用表示否定的推测。he cant/couldnt have moved the piano himself.这台钢琴不可能是他自己搬的。【十年高考链接】（1）(2013新课标全国高考)since nobody gave him any help,he have done the research on his own.a.canb.mustc.wouldd.need答案：b 分析主从句逻辑关系知，主句是对从句表达的原因的一种猜测，must have done想必/准是/一定做过某事，符合主从句之间的逻辑关系。本题句意为“既然没人给他帮助，那他肯定是自己做的研究”。can have done用于疑问句或否定句中，表示对过去情况的推测；would have done表示过去将来完成时或用于虚拟语气中；need have done通常用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“本不必做某事却做了”。（2）(2013陕西高考)the children lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.a.must have gotb.must getc.should have gotd.should get答案：a 题干的意思是：“孩子们一定是在森林中迷路了；否则的话他们会按计划在湖边露营的。”从题干中otherwise后面表达的情况来看，前半句应该是表示对过去的肯定推测，所以要用must have done结构，意为“一定/想必已经”。（3）(2013四川高考)why are your eyes so red？you have slept well last night.yeah，i stayed up late writing a report.a.cantb.mustntc.needntd.wont答案：a 题干的意思是：“你的眼睛为什么这么红？你昨晚肯定没有睡好。”“是的，我熬夜写了一篇报告。”cant have done意为“不可能做过”，表示对过去事情的否定推测。由题中的关键信息stayed up late writing a report“熬夜写报告”可推测昨晚没有睡好，所以选a。mustnt表示“禁止”，neednt表示“没必要”，wont表示“不愿意”，均不合题意。（4）(2013辽宁高考)harry is feeling uncomfortable.he too much at the party last night.a.could drinkb.should drinkc.would have drunkd.must have drunk答案：d 句意：harry （现在）感觉不舒服。昨天晚上在宴会上他肯定喝多了。此处表示对过去动作的肯定推测，应该用“情态动词+have+done”结构，故排除a项和b项；c项不表示推测，而是虚拟语气，表示与过去的事实相反的情况；must have done意为“（过去）肯定做过某事”，表示对过去事情的肯定推测。（5）（2012江苏高考）happy birthday!thank you! its the best present i for.a.should have wishedb.must have wishedc.may have wishedd.could have wished答案：d 句意：“生日快乐！”“谢谢！这是我能期待的最好的礼物。”根据语境可知，这里不是对过去情况的推测或评价，而是对迄今为止发生的事情的一个总结。its the best present.使用的是最高级，其后接的定语从句应该使用完成时。本题的could have wished为can have wished的委婉表达。口语中，我们使用could替代can可使语气更加委婉、礼貌，故选d。（6）(2011江苏高考)i left my handbag on the train,but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.how unbelievable to get it back!i mean,someone it.a.will have stolenb.might have stolenc.should have stolend.must have stolen答案：b 本题考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意：“我把手提包忘在了火车上，但幸运的是有个人把它交给了铁路部门的一名官员。”“还能找回来多么令人难以置信！我的意思是，有人原本可能把它偷走的。”might have done “可能已经”，表示对过去发生之事的不太肯定的推测，符合题意。will have done表示将来完成时；should have done本应该做某事但实际未做；must have done表示对过去发生之事的肯定推测。（7）(2011新课标全国高考)they have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.a.willb.canc.mustd.should答案：d 本题考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意：他们本应该在午饭时间就到达的，但是他们的航班被耽搁了。will have done表示将来完成时，与题意不符；can have done一般用于否定句或疑问句中，可以排除；must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为“肯定/必定做过某事”，也与句意不符；should have done表示“过去应该做某事（而实际上未做）”，符合句意。（8）(2010山东高考)i have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.a.shouldntb.needntc.couldntd.mustnt答案：a 句意：我本不应该看那部电影它会给我带来噩梦。由破折号后的内容来判断，其前内容为“不该做某事而做了”。shouldnt have done本来不该做某事却做了；neednt have done本来不必做某事却做了；couldnt have done为否定推测，表示“不可能做过某事”。（9）(2009上海高考) it have been tom that parked the car here，as he is the only one with a car.a.mayb.canc.mustd.should答案： c 本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。由“因为他是唯一有车的人”可知，这是一个非常肯定的推测，故用must。a项是并非十分肯定的推测;can have done不能用在肯定句中，所以b项也不对;而should have done是“本应该做某事而实际未做”，不合题意。（10）(2009江苏高考)he did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.a.could expressb.would expressc.could have expressedd.must have expressed答案：c 句意:他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以表达得有所不同。因为是对过去的情况进行的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词+完成时”这个形式来表示。（11）(2008江苏高考)im sorry.i at you the other day.forget it.i was a bit out of control myself.a.shouldnt shoutb.shouldnt have shouted c.mustnt shoutd.mustnt have shouted答案：b 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：“对不起，几天前我本不应该朝你大喊大叫的。”“不要记在心上。我自己有点情绪失控。”shouldnt have done本不应该做某事（但已经做了）。（12）(2008山东高考)thank you for all your hard work last week.i dont think we it without you.a.can manageb.could have managedc.could managed.can have managed答案：b 本题考查“情态动词+have done”结构，could have done表示“本能够做某事（但没做）”。（13）(2007陕西高考)i told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps i have driven her there.a.couldb.mustc.mightd.should答案：d 本题考查情态动词。could have done“（过去）可能做过；本能够做”；must have done “（过去）肯定做过”；might have done “（过去）可能做过”；should have done “本应该做（而事实上没做）”。由句意“我告诉你朋友该怎么去旅馆，但或许我应该开车送她去那儿。”可知应选should。（14）(2007江西高考)where is my dictionary? i remember i put it here yesterday.you it in the wrong place. a.must putb.should have putc.might putd.might have put答案：d 本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。由yesterday可知a、c两项错误；should “应该，理应”；might “或许，可能”，显然d项正确。（15）(2007安徽高考)the teacher have thought johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him,i suppose.a.shouldb.canc.wouldd.must答案：d 本题考查“情态动词+完成时态”的用法。must have done表示对过去所做事情的肯定推测，表示“一定”。（16）(2007浙江高考)my cats really fat.you have given her so much food.a.wouldntb. couldntc.shouldntd.mustnt答案：c 本题考查情态动词。句意：“我的猫真胖。”“你本不应该给她那么多食物。”shouldnt have done本不应该做某事（暗含做了）。（17）(2007福建高考)my mp4 player isnt in my bag.where i have put it?a.canb.mustc.shouldd.would答案：a 本题考查情态动词。由句意“我的mp4不在我包里。我可能把它放哪儿了？”可知应选a。can have done“过去可能做过”。而must have done“过去肯定做过”，只能用于肯定陈述句中；should have done“本应该做过（而事实上没做）”；would have done只能用于虚拟语气。（18）(2007江苏高考)she looks very happy.she have passed the exam.i guess so.its not difficult after all.a.shouldb.couldc.mustd.might答案：c 本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。must have passed the exam“肯定是通过考试了”，由前