2016年职称英语考试理工A级临考密押A卷.doc

2016年职称英语考试理工a级临考密押a卷【内部资料 严禁外泄】第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与下划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1、i am not certain whether he will come.a.determinedb.surec.sorryd.glad2、 she seemed to have detected some anger inhis voice.a.noticedb.heardc.realizedd.got3、 please do not hesitate to call me if ican be of further assistance.a.contactb.seec.helpd.touch4、 in short, i amgoing to live there myselfa.in other wordsb.that is to sayc.in a wordd.to be frank5、 he has trouble understanding that other peoplejudge him by his social skills andconduct.a.styleb.behaviorc.moded.attitude6、 i had some difficulty in carrying out theplan.a.makingb.keepingc.changingd.implementing7、 mr. johnson evidently regarded this as agreat joke.a.readilyb.casuallyc.obviouslyd.simply8、 we all think that marys husband is a very boring person.a.shyb.stupidc.dulld.selfish9、 the workers in that factory manufacture furniture.a.promoteb.paintc.produced.polish10、 they only have a limited amount of timeto get their points.a.largeb.totalc.smalld.similar11、 the high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.a.forceb.influencec.surprised.power12、 can you follow the plot?a.changeb.investigatec.writed.understand13、 even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.a.physicalb.mentalc.naturald.hard14、 in thelatter case the outcome can be serious indeed.a.resultb.judgmentc.decisiond.event15、norman blarney is an artist of deep convictions.a.statementsb.beliefsc.suggestionsd.claims参考答案：1-15 baacb dcccc bdaab第2部分：阅读判断。下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择a;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择b;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择c。the northern lightsthe sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. it is so hot and active that even the suns gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check! energy flows away from the sun toward the earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. these particles are called plasma, and the stream of plasma coming from the sun is called the solar wind. the more active the sun, the stronger the solar wind.the solar wind constantly streams toward the earth, but dont worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet. the same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the sun to the north and south poles. the charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the earth. when a large blast of solar wind crashes into the earths magnetic field, the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect.the breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the earth s atmosphere at the poles. as the electrons fall to the earth, they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, creating flashes of light in the sky. each atmospheric gas glows a different color. oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. as these various colors glow and dance in the night sky, they create the northern lights and the southern lights.watching auroras is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far north like alaska and canada. the movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate, flicker, or even move like waves. during solar maximum, auroras are seen as far south as florida, even mexico!auroras often seem to be very close to the ground, but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground, a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. a typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long, a few hundred kilometers high, but only a few hundred meters thick.we hope you are able to travel to far-north places like the arctic circle and see the northern lights at least once during your lifetime. we know you will never forget it!16. the suns gravity is too weak to keep its plasma from flowing to the earth.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned17. the earth is quite safe with a magnetic field surrounding it to protect it from the attack by the solar wind.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned18. some scientists are worrying about the possible disappearance of the earths protective magnetic field in the future.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned19. the auroras are formed when the electrons falling into the earths atmosphere at the poles and colliding with gas molecules in the atmosphere.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned20. you cannot sec the northern lights unless you are in alaska or canada.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned21. tens of thousands of tourists take special trips to norway and sweden every year to watch the northern lights.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned22. an aurora is generally close to the ground and is very long and thick.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned参考答案：16-22 bacab cb第3部分：概括大意与完成句子。下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第36段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。maglev trainsa few countries are using powerful electromagnets to develop high-speed trains, called maglev trains. maglev is short for magnetic levitation1, which means that these trains float over a guide way using the basic principles of magnets to replace the old steel wheel and track trains.if youve ever played with magnets, you know that opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other. this is the basic principle behind electromagnetic propulsion. electromagnets are similar to other magnets in that they attract metal objects, but the magnetic pull is temporary. you can easily create a small electromagnet yourself by connecting the ends of a copper wire to the positive and negative ends of an aa-cell battery. this creates a small magnetic field. if you disconnect either end of the wire from the battery, the magnetic field is taken away.the magnetic field created in this wire-and-battery experiment is the simple idea behind a maglev train rail system. there are three components to this system: a large electrical power source, metal coils lining a guide way or track, and large guidance magnets attached to the underside of the train.the big difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that maglev trains do not have an engine-at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks4. the engine for maglev trains is rather innoticeable. instead of using fossil fuels, the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls and the track combines to propel the trains.the magnetized coil running along the track, called a guideway, repels the large magnets on the trains undercarriage, allowing the train to levitate between 1 to 10 cm above the guideway. once the train is levitated, power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway. the electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls is constantly alternating to change the polarity of the magnetized coils. this change in polarity causes the magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle forward, while the magnetic field behind the train adds more forward thrust.maglev trains float on a cushion of air, eliminating friction. this lack of friction allows these trains to reach unprecedented ground transportation speeds of more than 500 kph, or twice as fast as the fastest conventional train. at 500 kph, you could travel from paris to rome in just over two hours.23. paragraph 3 _24. paragraph 4 _25. paragraph 5 _26. paragraph 6 _a. the main components of the maglev train systemb. high-speed maglev due to zero frictionc. the working principle of the maglev traind. differences between polarity and magnetic fielde. comparison of maglev trains with traditional onesf. maglev with a powerful motor27. several countries in the world are using strong electromagnets _.28. you can connect a wire to the positive and negative ends of a battery _.29. a unique system of magnetic fields is created by the coils _.30. the frictionless maglev train enables you _.a. to develop a maglev train rail systemb. to explain why maglev trains are fasterc. to pull and push the train forwardd. to create a magnetic fielde. to experiment with the maglev trainf. to travel from paris to rome in about two hours参考答案：23-30 aec badcf第4部分：阅读理解。下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。small but wiseon december 14, nasa blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. the telescope is called wise and is about as wide around as a trashcan. dont let its small size fool you: wise has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects in the known universe,including asteroids, faint stars, blazing galaxies and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born.“im very excited because were going to be seeing parts of the universe that we havent seen before,” said ned wright, a scientist who directs the wise project.since arriving in space, the wise telescope has been circling the earth, held by gravity in a polar orbit (this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap). its camera is pointed outward, away from the earth, and wise will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. after six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.the pictures taken by wise wont be like everyday digital photographs, however. wise stands for “wide-field infrared survey explorer.” as its name suggests, the wise camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation.radiation is energy that travels as a wave. visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light that becomes visible in a rainbow,is an example of radiation. when an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree, for example, it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. when these waves enter the camera through the lens, theyre processed by the camera, which then puts the image together.waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras dont see them, and neither do the eyes of human beings. although invisible to the eye, longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.thats a key idea to why wise will be able to see things other telescopes cant. not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. asteroids, for example, are giant rocks that float through space-but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. they dont reflect light, so theyre difficult to see. but they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like wise will be able to produce images of them. during its mission wise will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids.brown dwarfs are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in wises pictures. these objects are “failed” stars-which means they are not massive enough to jump start the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. instead,brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. theyre so dim that theyre almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.31 .what is so special about wise?a. it is small in size but carries a large camera.b. it is as small as a trashcan.c. its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.d. never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space.32. which is not the synonym for the word snap in the third paragraph?a. make.b. shoot.c. taked. photograph.33. the camera on wise _a. is no different from an ordinary camera.b. does not see infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does.c. catches the infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does not.d. reflects light that human eyes can see.34. which of the following is not correct about “asteroids” according to paragraph 7?a. asteroids float through space giving off visible light.b. asteroids do not reflect light that reaches them.c. it is difficult to take asteroids pictures by ordinary cameras.d. the wise telescope can take pictures of asteroids35.what is implied in the last paragraph?a. brown dwarfs give off visible light.b. brown dwarfs give off infrared radiation.c. brown dwarfs are power stars like the sun.d. brown dwarfs are impossible to see with the wise telescope.第5部分：补全短文。下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。the arctic ice is thawingfather christmas may have to move his “workshop” from the north pole because global warming is thawing the ice beneath his feet and his reindeers feet as well. his “workshop” is in dire straits. the “platform” for the “workshop” is melting, said stefan norris of the world wildlife fund environmental groups arctic program.an eight-nation report by 250 scientists published recently predicted the arctic ocean could be ice-free in summer by 2100 because of a build-up of heat-trapping gases2 in the atmosphere, mainly from burning fossil fuels in cars or factories. the north pole is getting more and more inhabitable to father christmas. 46 young people learn that father christmas “workshop” produces millions of gifts delivered by him on a flying, reindeer-drawn sleigh. hollywood movies like “the polar express3” tried to make viewers believe that father christmas lives at the north pole. 47the “fortress of solitude” is near the north pole that could be under threat in a warmer world5. alan boldt, spokesman of the danish ministry of science, suggested ways to rescue father christmas. 48 another alternative, he argued, would be building some electrical facilities to ensure the ice stays on the north pole for him. “this should be a subject for the united nations,” he said. “denmark could build windmills to provide father christmas with power.” denmark says father christmass real home is greenland, which will help, denmark thinks, to strengthen its position in claiming the sovereignty over the pole. 49“doesnt he already speak danish?” boldt said frostily when asked if father christmas would be forced to learn danish if denmark won international recognition of its claim to the pole. last months arctic report said the region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe, partly because dark ground or water, once uncovered, soaks up more heat than ice or snow. finland has been most favored by father christmas and it has about 500,000 tourists a year to visit its christmas center in rovaniemi in lapland. 50a. however, nordic nations all reject it by claiming that their countries are his home.b. therefore the north pole is the most attractive place in the world.c. if denmarks claim were accepted internationally, it would have the legal right to search for oil and gas at the north pole.d. one of them would be building a giant floating ice rink for the workshop if the pole thaws.e. maybe father christmas has already moved to rovaniemi.f. he may have to move from the north pole within our childrens lifetimes.参考答案：fadce第6部分：完形填空。下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。“liquefaction” key to much of japanese earthquake damagethe massive subduction zone earthquake in japan caused a significant level of soil “liquefaction” that has surprised researchers with its 51 severity, a new analysis shows.“weve seen localized examples of soil liquefaction as extreme as this before, but the distance and 52 of damage in japan were unusually severe,” said scott ashford, a professor of geotechnical engineering at oregon state university. “entire structures were tilted and sinking into the sediments,” ashford said. “the shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines, crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to 53 . we saw some places that sank as much as four feet.”some degree of soil liquefaction is common in almost any major earthquake. its a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water, particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose much of their 54 and flow during an earthquake. this can allow structures to shift or sink or 55 .but most earthquakes are much 56 than the recent event in japan, ashford said. the length of the japanese earthquake, as much as five minutes, may force researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly occurring in situations such as this.“with such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw 57 structures that might have been okay after 30 seconds just continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continued for several more minutes,” he said. “and it was clear that younger sediments, and especially areas built on 58 filled ground, are much more vulnerable.”the data provided by analyzing the japanese earthquake, researchers said, should make it possible to improve the understanding of this soil 59 and better prepare for it in the future. ashford said it was critical for the team to collect the information quickly, 60 damage was removed in