linux下如何模拟按键输入和模拟鼠标.doc

linux下如何模拟按键输入和模拟鼠标查看/dev/input/eventX是什么类型的事件， cat /proc/bus/input/devices设备有着自己特殊的按键键码，我需要将一些标准的按键，比如09，XZ等模拟成标准按键，比如KEY_0,KEY-Z等，所以需要用到按键模拟，具体方法就是操作/dev/input/event1文件，向它写入个input_event结构体就可以模拟按键的输入了。linux/input.h中有定义，这个文件还定义了标准按键的编码等struct input_event struct timeval time; /按键时间_u16 type; /类型，在下面有定义_u16 code; /要模拟成什么按键_s32 value;/是按下还是释放;code：事件的代码.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,该代码code为设备键盘代码.代码植0127为键盘上的按键代码,0x1100x116 为鼠标上按键代码,其中0x110(BTN_ LEFT)为鼠标左键,0x111(BTN_RIGHT)为鼠标右键,0x112(BTN_ MIDDLE)为鼠标中键.其它代码含义请参看include/linux/input.h文件. 如果事件的类型代码是EV_REL,code值表示轨迹的类型.如指示鼠标的X轴方向REL_X(代码为0x00),指示鼠标的Y轴方向REL_Y(代码为0x01),指示鼠标中轮子方向REL_WHEEL(代码为0x08).type: EV_KEY,键盘EV_REL,相对坐标EV_ABS,绝对坐标value：事件的值.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,当按键按下时值为1,松开时值为0;如果事件的类型代码是EV_ REL,value的正数值和负数值分别代表两个不同方向的值./* Event types*/#define EV_SYN 0x00#define EV_KEY 0x01 /按键#define EV_REL 0x02 /相对坐标(轨迹球)#define EV_ABS 0x03 /绝对坐标#define EV_MSC 0x04 /其他#define EV_SW 0x05#define EV_LED 0x11 /LED#define EV_SND 0x12/声音#define EV_REP 0x14/repeat#define EV_FF 0x15 #define EV_PWR 0x16#define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17#define EV_MAX 0x1f#define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1)1。模拟按键输入/其中0表示释放，1按键按下，2表示一直按下/0 for EV_KEY for release, 1 for keypress and 2 for autorepeat.void simulate_key(int fd,int value)struct input_event event;event.type = EV_KEY;/event.code = KEY_0;/要模拟成什么按键event.value = value;/是按下还是释放按键或者重复gettimeofday(&event.time,0);if(write(fd,&event,sizeof(event) 0)dprintk(simulate key errorn);return ;2。模拟鼠标输入（轨迹球）void simulate_mouse(int fd,char buf4)int rel_x,rel_y;static struct input_event event,ev;/buf0,buf2,小于0则为左移，大于0则为右移/buf1,buf3,小于0则为下移，大于0则为上移dprintk(MOUSE TOUCH: x1=%d,y1=%d,x2=%d,y2=%dn,buf0,buf1,buf2,buf3);rel_x = (buf0 + buf2) /2;rel_y = -(buf1 + buf3) /2; /和我们的鼠标是相反的方向，所以取反event.type = EV_REL;event.code = REL_X;event.value = rel_x;gettimeofday(&event.time,0);if( write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)!=sizeof(event)dprintk(rel_x error:%sn,strerror(errno);event.code = REL_Y;event.value = rel_y;gettimeofday(&event.time,0);if( write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)!=sizeof(event)dprintk(rel_y error:%sn,strerror(errno);/一定要刷新空的write(fd,&ev,sizeof(ev);鼠标和键盘文件打开方法：int fd_kbd; / /dev/input/event1int fd_mouse; /dev/input/mouse2fd_kbd = open(/dev/input/event1,O_RDWR);if(fd_kbd=0)printf(error open keyboard:%sn,strerror(errno);return -1;fd_mouse = open(/dev/input/event3,O_RDWR); /如果不行的话，那试试/dev/input/miceif(fd_mousekey.send_event = TRUE;event-key.window = window-window; /一定要设置为主窗口event-key.keyval = keyval;/FIXME:一定要加上这个,要不然容易出错g_object_ref(event-key.window);gdk_threads_enter();/FIXME: 记得用这个来发送事件gtk_main_do_event(event);gdk_threads_leave();gdk_event_free(event);kernel里input模块input_dev结构:struct input_dev void *private; const char *name; const char *phys; const char *uniq; struct input_id id; /* * 根据各种输入信号的类型来建立类型为unsigned long 的数组, * 数组的每1bit代表一种信号类型, * 内核中会对其进行置位或清位操作来表示时间的发生和被处理. */ unsigned long evbitNBITS(EV_MAX); unsigned long keybitNBITS(KEY_MAX); unsigned long relbitNBITS(REL_MAX); unsigned long absbitNBITS(ABS_MAX); unsigned long mscbitNBITS(MSC_MAX); unsigned long ledbitNBITS(LED_MAX); unsigned long sndbitNBITS(SND_MAX); unsigned long ffbitNBITS(FF_MAX); unsigned long swbitNBITS(SW_MAX); .;/* input_set_capability - mark device as capable of a certain event* dev: device that is capable of emitting or accepting event* type: type of the event (EV_KEY, EV_REL, etc.)* code: event code* In addition to setting up corresponding bit in appropriate capability* bitmap the function also adjusts dev-evbit.*/* 记录本设备对于哪些事件感兴趣(对其进行处理)*/void input_set_capability(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code) switch (type) case EV_KEY: _set_bit(code, dev-keybit);/比如按键,应该对哪些键值的按键进行处理(对于其它按键不予理睬) break; case EV_REL: _set_bit(code, dev-relbit); break; case EV_ABS: _set_bit(code, dev-absbit); break; case EV_MSC: _set_bit(code, dev-mscbit); break; case EV_SW: _set_bit(code, dev-swbit); break; case EV_LED: _set_bit(code, dev-ledbit); break; case EV_SND: _set_bit(code, dev-sndbit); break; case EV_FF: _set_bit(code, dev-ffbit); break; default: printk(KERN_ERR input_set_capability: unknown type %u (code %u)n, type, code); dump_stack(); return; _set_bit(type, dev-evbit);/感觉和前面重复了(前面一经配置过一次了)EXPORT_SYMBOL(input_set_capability);static irqreturn_t gpio_keys_isr(int irq, void *dev_id) int i; struct platform_device *pdev = dev_id; struct gpio_keys_platform_data *pdata = pdev-dev.platform_data; struct input_dev *input = platform_get_drvdata(pdev); for (i = 0; i nbuttons; i+) struct gpio_keys_button *button = &pdata-buttonsi; int gpio = button-gpio; if (irq = gpio_to_irq(gpio) /判断哪个键被按了? unsigned int type = button-type ?: EV_KEY; int state = (gpio_get_value(gpio) ? 1 : 0) button-active_low;/记录按键状态 input_event(input, type, button-code, !state);/汇报输入事件 input_sync(input);/等待输入事件处理完成 return IRQ_HANDLED;/* input_event() - report new input event* dev: device that generated the event* type: type of the event* code: event code* value: value of the event* This function should be used by drivers implementing various input devices* See also input_inject_event()*/void input_event(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value) struct input_handle *handle; if (type EV_MAX | !test_bit(type, dev-evbit)/首先判断该事件类型是否有效且为该设备所接受 return; add_input_randomness(type, code, value); switch (type) case EV_SYN: switch (code) case SYN_CONFIG: if (dev-event) dev-event(dev, type, code, value); break; case SYN_REPORT: if (dev-sync) return; dev-sync = 1; break; break; case EV_KEY: /* * 这里需要满足几个条件: * 1: 键值有效(不超出定义的键值的有效范围) * 2: 键值为设备所能接受(属于该设备所拥有的键值范围) * 3: 按键状态改变了 */ if (code KEY_MAX | !test_bit(code, dev-keybit) | !test_bit(code, dev-key) = value) return; if (value = 2) break; change_bit(code, dev-key);/改变对应按键的状态 /* 如果你希望按键未释放的时候不断汇报按键事件的话需要以下这个(在简单的gpio_keys驱动中不需要这个,暂时不去分析) */ if (test_bit(EV_REP, dev-evbit) & dev-repREP_PERIOD & dev-repREP_DELAY & dev-timer.data & value) dev-repeat_key = code; mod_timer(&dev-timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(dev-repREP_DELAY); break;. if (type != EV_SYN) dev-sync = 0; if (dev-grab) dev-grab-handler-event(dev-grab, type, code, value); else /* * 循环调用所有处理该设备的handle(event,mouse,ts,joy等), * 如果有进程打开了这些handle(进行读写),则调用其对应的event接口向气汇报该输入事件. */ list_for_each_entry(handle, &dev-h_list, d_node) if (handle-open) handle-handler-event(handle, type, code, value);EXPORT_SYMBOL(input_event);event层对于input层报告的这个键盘输入事件的处理:drivers/input/evdev.c:static struct input_handler evdev_handler = .event = evdev_event, .connect = evdev_connect, .disconnect = evdev_disconnect, .fops = &evdev_fops, .minor = EVDEV_MINOR_BASE, .name = evdev, .id_table = evdev_ids,;Linux 有自己的 input 子系统，可以统一管理鼠标和键盘事件。基于输入子系统 实现的 uinput 可以方便的在用户空间模拟鼠标和键盘事件。当然，也可以自己造轮子， 做一个字符设备接收用户输入，根据输入，投递 input 事件。还有一种方式就是直接 往 evnent 里写入数据， 都可以达到控制鼠标键盘的功能。本篇文章就是演示直接写入 event 的方法。 linux/input.h中有定义，这个文件还定义了标准按键的编码等struct input_event struct timeval time; /按键时间 _u16 type; /类型，在下面有定义 _u16 code; /要模拟成什么按键 _s32 value;/是按下还是释放;code：事件的代码.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,该代码code为设备键盘代码.代码植0127为键盘上的按键代码, 0x1100x116 为鼠标上按键代码,其中0x110(BTN_ LEFT)为鼠标左键,0x111(BTN_RIGHT)为鼠标右键,0x112(BTN_ MIDDLE)为鼠标中键.其它代码含义请参看include/linux /input.h文件. 如果事件的类型代码是EV_REL,code值表示轨迹的类型.如指示鼠标的X轴方向 REL_X (代码为0x00),指示鼠标的Y轴方向REL_Y(代码为0x01),指示鼠标中轮子方向REL_WHEEL(代码为0x08).type:EV_KEY,键盘EV_REL,相对坐标EV_ABS,绝对坐标value：事件的值.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,当按键按下时值为1,松开时值为0;如果事件的类型代码是EV_ REL,value的正数值和负数值分别代表两个不同方向的值./* Event types*/#define EV_SYN 0x00#define EV_KEY 0x01 /按键#define EV_REL 0x02 /相对坐标(轨迹球)#define EV_ABS 0x03 /绝对坐标#define EV_MSC 0x04 /其他#define EV_SW 0x05#define EV_LED 0x11 /LED#define EV_SND 0x12/声音#define EV_REP 0x14/repeat#define EV_FF 0x15#define EV_PWR 0x16#define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17#define EV_MAX 0x1f#define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1)下面是一个模拟鼠标和键盘输入的例子：#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include void simulate_key(int fd,int kval) struct input_event event; event.type = EV_KEY; event.value = 1; event.code = kval; gettimeofday(&event.time,0); write(fd,&event,sizeof(event) ; event.type = EV_SYN; event.code = SYN_REPORT; event.value = 0; write(fd, &event, sizeof(event); memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event); gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL); event.type = EV_KEY; event.code = kval; event.value = 0; write(fd, &event, sizeof(event); event.type = EV_SYN; event.code = SYN_REPORT; event.value = 0; write(fd, &event, sizeof(event);void simulate_mouse(int fd) struct input_event event; memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event); gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL); event.type = EV_REL; event.code = REL_X; event.value = 10; write(fd, &event, sizeof(event); event.type = EV_REL; event.code = REL_Y; event.value = 10; write(fd, &event, sizeof(event); event.type = EV_SYN; event.code = SYN_REPORT; event.value = 0; write(fd, &event, sizeof(event);int main() int fd_kbd; int fd_mouse; fd_kbd = open(/dev/input/event1,O_RDWR); if(fd_kbd=0) printf(error open keyboard:n); return -1; fd_mouse = open(/dev/input/event2,O_RDWR); if(fd_mouse=0) printf(error open mousen); return -2; int i = 0; for(i=0; i 10; i+) simulate_key(fd_kbd, KEY_A + i); simulate_mouse(fd_mouse); sleep(1); close(fd_kbd);模拟了鼠标和键盘的输入事件。关于这里 open 哪个 event ， 可以通过 cat /proc/bus/input/devices I: Bus=0017 Vendor=0001 Product=0001 Version=0100N: Name=Macintosh mouse button emulationP: Phys=S: Sysfs=/class/input/input0U: Uniq=H: Handlers=mouse0 event0 B: EV=7B: KEY=70000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B: REL=3I: Bus=0011 Vendor=0001 Product=0001 Version=ab41N: Name=AT Translated Set 2 keyboardP: Phys=isa0060/serio0/input0S: Sysfs=/class/input/input1U: Uniq=H: Handlers=kbd event1 B: EV=120013B: KEY=4 2000000 3803078 f800d001 feffffdf ffefffff ffffffff fffffffeB: MSC=10B: LED=7I: Bus=0019 Vendor=0000 Product=0002 Version=0000N: Name=Power Button (FF)P: Phys=LNXPWRBN/button/input0S: Sysfs=/class/input/input3U: Uniq=H: Handlers=kbd event3 B: EV=3B: KEY=100000 0 0 0I: Bus=0019 Vendor=0000 Product=0001 Version=0000N: Name=Power Button (CM)P: Phys=PNP0C0C/button/input0S: Sysfs=/class/input/input4U: Uniq=H: Handlers=kbd event4 B: EV=3B: KEY=100000 0 0 0I: Bus=0003 Vendor=046d Product=c018 Version=0111N: Name=Logitech USB Optical MouseP: Phys=usb-0000:00:1d.1-2/input0S: Sysfs=/class/input/input24U: Uniq=H: Handlers=mouse1 event2 B: EV=7B: KEY=70000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0B: REL=103我的鼠标是 罗技 的 Logitech USB Optical Mouse， 所以 鼠标是 event2下面是一个读取 鼠标和键盘事件的例子：#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include static void show_event(struct input_event* event) printf(%d %d %dn, event-type, event-code, event-value); return;int main(int argc, char* argv) struct input_event event = 0, 0; const char* file_name = argc = 2 ? argv1 : /dev/input/event2; int fd = open(file_name, O_RDWR);