1995-2016专八改错题及答案.docx

20161.inover2.givethat/which3.differsdifferentiates或imateand7.itwhich8.thanthan9.basepreserve10.furthermoretherefore2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错WhenIwasinmyearlyteens,Iwastakentoaspectacularshowonicebythemotherofafriend.Lookedroundatheluxuryofthe1. _rink,myfriendsmotherremarkedonthe“plush”seatswehadbeengiven.Ididnotknowwhatshemeant,andbeingproudofmy2_vocabulary,Itriedtoinferitsmeaningfromthecontext.“Plush”wasclearlyintendedasacomplimentary,apositiveevaluation;that3. _muchIcouldtellitfromthetoneofvoiceandthecontext.SoI4._startedtousetheword.Yes,Ireplied,theycertainlyareplush,andsoaretheicerinkandthecostumesoftheskaters,arentthey?Myfriendsmotherwasverypolitetocorrectme,butIcouldtellfromher5. _expressionthatIhadnotgotthewordquiteright.Oftenwecanindeedinferfromthecontextwhatawordroughlymeans,andthatisinfactthewaywhichweusuallyacquireboth 6._newwordsandnewmeaningsforfamiliarwords,speciallyinour 7._ownfirstlanguage.Butsometimesweneedtoask,asIshouldhaveaskedforPlush,andthisisparticularlytrueinthe 8. _aspectofaforeignlanguage.Ifyouarecontinuallysurroundedby 9_.speakersofthelanguageyouarelearning,youcanaskthemdirectly,butoftenthisopportunitydoesnotexistforthelearnerofEnglish.Sodictionarieshavebeendevelopedtomendthegap. 10._1.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow2014改错Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageacquisition(SLA)emergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s.Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions (1)_havepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea:(2)_lIsitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthesamesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?(3)_lWhatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave(4)_moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave?lWhatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguage?lWhatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe(5)_acquisitionofadditionallanguages?lWhatsocial-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthelearningofadditionallanguages?Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall(6)_theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhaveonethingincommon:Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiringofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo(7)_so.Whetheronelabelsit“learning”or“acquiring”anadditionallanguage,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunder(8)_focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofanindividual.Thatis,thespotlightisonwhatmentalcapabilitiesareinvolving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning(9)_oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntintheclassroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.(10)_1.把of去掉。2.把possessed改成attracted，3.把a改成the4.在facts和adults之间加个that，5.把第二个the去掉。6.把第二个of改成in7.把attempts改成attempt8.把or改成and9.what改成how10.把touche改成touches2013专八短文改错试题Psycho-linguisticsisthenamegiventothestudyofthepsychologicalprocessesinvolvedinlanguage.Psycholinguisticsstudyunderstanding,productionandrememberinglanguage,andhenceareconcernedwith(1)_listening,reading,speaking,writing,andmemoryforlanguage.Onereasonwhywetakethelanguageforgrantedisthatitusually(2)_happenssoeffortlessly,andmostoftime,soaccurately. (3)_Indeed,whenyoulistentosomeonetospeaking,orlookingatthispage,(4)_younormallycannothelpbutunderstandit.Itisonlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswemightbecomeawareofthecomplexity (5)_involved:ifwearesearchingforawordbutcannotrememberit;ifarelativeorcolleaguehashadastrokewhichhasinfluenced(6)_theirlanguage;ifweobserveachildacquirelanguage;if (7)_wetrytolearnasecondlanguageourselvesasanadult;orifwearevisuallyimpairedorhearing-impairedorifwemeetanyoneelsewhois.Asweshallsee,alltheseexamples (8)_ofwhatmightbecalled“languageinexceptionalcircumstances”revealagreatdealabouttheprocessesevolvedinspeaking,(9)_listening,writingandreading.Butgiventhatlanguageprocesseswerenormallysoautomatic,wealsoneedtocarryoutcareful(10)_experimentstogetatwhatishappening.1. production改成producing2.去掉the3.去掉accurately前面的so4.looking改为look5.we前面加that6.去掉colleague后面的has7.their改成his8.anyone改成pure老师someone9.evolved改成involved10.were改成are2012ProofreadthegivenpassageonANSWERSHEETTWOasinstructed.Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyorfreely.Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst(1)_centuryB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywritersfavoredcertainkindof“free”translation:thespirit,nottheletter;the(2)_sensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternot(3)_themanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswho(4)_wantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnof19th(5)_century,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthatthelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage(6)_wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossible(7)_gainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas(8)_literalaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementofthe(9)_extreme“literalists”WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.Theargumentwastheoretical:thepurposeofthetranslation,thenatureofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Toooften,writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwitheachother.Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.(10)_参考答案：1goingsince加入on题解：goon的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。2certain改为acertain题解：此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”，第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词。3rather改为not题解：根据原句的句子结构，rather应改为not。4is改为was题解：此句应该为过去时。5in改为at题解：attheturnof19thcentury“十九世纪之初”，是固定搭配。6the删去第二个the题解：这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。7viewtranslation加入that题解：在view和translation之间加上that，可将“translationwasimpossible”看成view的同位语。8was删去was题解：条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。9culminatedthe加入in题解：culminatein是“以.告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。10and改为but题解：根据原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”，两句话之间应该是转折关系。2011年专八真题改错部分 From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1_ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2_ soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3_ I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4_ on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_ schooldays. I had the lonely childs habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_ the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7_ being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8_ a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9_ in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious i.e. seriously 10_intended writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. 1， 在grow后加up, 考固定短语 2， 改consience为consciousness 考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识” 3， 改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语 4， 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。 作者是三个孩子句中的那位 5， 改disagreeing 为disagreeable ，disagreeing只能作动名词， 不能作形容词。disagreeable mannernisms 令人讨厌的习惯6，改imaginative为imaginary,考词语区别imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary翻译为“想象的，虚构的”7，改literal为literary,考词义区别，literal翻译为“字面的”，literary翻译为“文学方面的”8，去掉face后的in，face接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法9，在world后加in或者改which为where,考定语从句10，改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness,考语境。2010年专八真题改错部分Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:thatis,everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosay1_thethingstheirspeakerswanttosay. 2_Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitive3_peoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofrice.Whereasthisisnotthe4_faultoftheirlanguage.TheEskimos,itissaid,canspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecanin5_English,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage(oneofthosesometimesmiscalledprimitive)isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethanEnglish.Thisexampledoesnotcometolightadefect6_inEnglish,ashowofunexpectedprimitiveness.ThepositionissimplyandobviouslythattheEskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilar7_environments.TheEnglishlanguagewillbejustasrichinterms8_fordifferentkindsofsnow,presumably,iftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.9_Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimoslife.10_2010年专八真题改错参考答案以及分词1be后插入as;asas引导的比较级2their改为its;its代替everylanguage3There改为It;It此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式4Whereas改为But；语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas表示对比5further改为muchfurther不能修饰比较级6come改为bring;(sth)cometolight,bringsthtolightbringtolightthedefectofEnglish=bringthedefectofenglishtolight揭示英语的缺陷7similar改为different;根据语境应该用different8will改为would;虚拟语气9asimportant去掉as;10thepart去掉the或者改the为abe/become/form(a)partof是固定短语09专八改错原题Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference(1)_betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthe(2)_littlelistenerhasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,oreven(3)_grandchildren.Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.With(4)_theplaygroundlore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassed(5)_onwithintheveryhouritislearnt;andinthegeneral,itpasses(6)_betweenchildrenofthesameage,ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinagebetweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplaygroundrhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,orevenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatit(7)_hasbeenretransmittedoverandover;verypossiblyithaspassed(8)_alongachainoftwoorthreehundredyounghearersandtellers,andthewonderisthatitremainsliveaftersomuchhandling,(9)_toletalonethatitbearsresemblancetothe(10)_答案分析：(1) thefurtherdifference改为afurtherdifference（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）(2)改when为until,结构not.until翻译为“直到才”(3)their改为his（代词与前文alittlelistener在单复数上保持一致）(4)something改为anything此处指二十到七十的任何时段(5)therefore改为however（根据上下文逻辑关系）(6)inthegeneral去掉the（习惯用法ingeneral表示总的来说，一般不用冠词）(7)currently改为current（这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）(8)ithaspassed改为ithasbeenpassed（与分号前的被动保持一致）(9)live改为alivealive翻译为“鲜活的”，一般作补语；live翻译为“现场转播的；活的”，一般作定语(10)toletalone改为letalone(letalone为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说2008年专八真题短文改错Thedesiretouselanguageasasignofnationalidentityisaverynaturalone,andinresultlanguagehasplayedaprominent_1_partinnationalmoves.Menhaveoftenfelttheneedtocultivate_2_agivenlanguagetoshowthattheyaredistinctivefromanother_3_racewhosehegemonytheyresent.AtthetimetheUnitedStates_4_splitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthatindependenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofa_5_differentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.Therewasevenone_6_proposalthatAmericansshouldadoptHebrew.OthersfavouredtheadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswouldcertainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglish_7_andmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryone_8_knows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolutionofcarryingwiththesamelanguageasbefore._9_Sincenearlytwohundredyearsnow,theyhaveshowntheworld_10_thatpoliticalindependenceandnationalidentitycanbecompletewithoutsacrificingtheenormousmutualadvantagesofacommonlanguage.20081. inresult改成inconsequence，2moves改成movements.3distinctive改成distinct或different4在time后加when5accepted改成realized6those改成that7删除on,8At改成In9carryingwith改成carryingonwith10now改成ago07专八真题短文改错Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecanmakeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliest1_recordsofancientlanguagesshowuslanguageinanewand2_emergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatthelanguage3_originatedincriesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,andthe4_necessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:therearenoremotetribes,noancientrecords,providingevidenceofalanguagewithalargeproportionofsuchcries5_thanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsenceofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butin6_othergroundstoothetheoryisnotveryattractive.Peopleofallracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilarnoisesinreturntopainorpleasure.Thefactthat7_suchnoisesaresimilaronthelipsofFrenchmenandMalaysianswhoselanguagesareutterlydifferent,servestoemphasizeonthefundamentaldifference8_betweenthesenoisesandlanguageproper.Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetolargeextent,9_whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatare10_whollyconventional1,改and为or,anylanguagagestodayorrecordsofancientlanguages是并列成分，在否定句中用or2,改show为showing,现在分词作定语3，删除the,表示泛指4，改and为but,根据语境此处是转折5，改large为larger,后面有than,应该用比较级6，改in为on,onothergrounds“基于其它理由”，为固定搭配7，改return为response,inresponseto“对作出反应”8，删除on,emphasizesthemphasize是及物动词9，在large前加a,extent是可数名词，前面要加冠词。toalargeextent翻译为“在很大程度上”10，改these为thosethosethat/who为固定形式2006专八短文改错Weuselanguageprimarilyasameansofcommunicationwithotherhumanbeings.Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsandmeaningsaswellasagreeingconventionsas1_tothewayinwhichwordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticular 2_message:theEnglishspeakerhasinh