高考英语一轮复习基醇点聚焦Unit8Adventure北师大版.docx

Unit 8 Adventure 话题：文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)1.culture n文化2.entertainment n.娱乐3.practise v.练习4.traditional adj.传统的5.beneficial adj.有益的6.practical adj.实用的7.activity n.活动8.coach n.教练员9.athlete n.运动员10.audience n.听众，观众11.enjoy v.喜欢；享受12.judge n.裁判13.event n.事件；大事14.stadium n.(露天大型)体育场15.gold medal金牌16.run against和比赛17.have fun with玩得开心18.be faced with面对19.build up ones body增强体质20.keep fit保持健康1.To have this problem solved, some people suggest that PE be included as a subject in the College Entrance Examination.为了解决这个问题，一些人建议将体育纳入高考考查科目。2.Setting up standards for the exam alone may well be a hard task.单单是设立这个考试的标准可能就很难。3.It is far beyond our ability to finish so much work in so short a time.在那么短的时间里完成那么多工作是超出我们的能力的。(2017长春十一高联考)目前我国中学生的健康状况越来越差，为解决这一问题，有人建议将体育纳入高考。请按照以下要点发表你对此事的看法。1反对此建议，认为不实际。 2学校有责任培养学生的健身意识并提供足够的体育设施。(体育设施：sports facilities)Some of the high school students are in bad condition, which makes parents, schools and experts worried. To have this problem solved, some people suggest that PE be included as a subject in the College Entrance Examination.Im against the idea because it is by no means practical. Setting up standards for the exam alone may well be a hard task. It is far beyond our ability to manage such a nationwide exam in the sports field.However, good health is an essential foundation of learning. Therefore, it is schools responsibility to help develop their students awareness of the importance of keeping fit. Moreover, schools should provide sufficient sports facilities for their students to have regular exercise.1desert n沙漠，荒原2porter n.行李搬运工3luggage n.行李4maximum adj.最大的，最多的5footprint n.脚印，足迹6exactly adv.确切地，精确地7traveller n.旅行者，旅客8goods n.商品，物品，货物9wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的10author n.作者11professor n.教授12ambition n.志向，抱负13cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的14distant adj.远处的；久远的15staff n.员工，全体工作人员1adventure n.奇遇，冒险的经历2extra adj.特别的；额外的3optional adj.可选择的，非强制的4accommodation n.住所，住处5risk vt.冒的危险 6flow vi.流动，涌出7equipment n.配备，设备8quantity n.量，数量9shock vt.震惊，惊骇10goal n.目的；目标11function vi.运转；发挥作用12aim n.目标；目的13transport n.运输，运送14shelter n.遮蔽，庇护所15limit n.边界；限度1major adj. 较重要的；较严重的 n. 专业课 majority n大多数2tiring adj. 令人疲劳的tired adj.疲倦的，厌倦的tire vt. 使疲倦；使疲劳3uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的，不自在的comfortable adj. 舒服的comfort n. & vt. 安慰4differ vi. 不同于，有区别difference n. 不同之处different adj. 不同的5anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的anxiously adv. 忧虑地，焦虑地anxiety n. 焦虑，不安6extreme adj. 极度的，极端的extremely adv. 极其地，极端地7similarity n. 相似性，类似性similar adj. 相似的similarly adv. 类似地8excitement n. 兴奋，激动excited adj. 激动的，兴奋的exciting adj. 令人兴奋的9various adj. 不同的，各种各样的variety n. 品种；种类；变化vary vi. 变化10preference n. 较喜欢的东西，偏爱prefer v. 喜爱11amaze vt. 使惊愕(惊奇)amazed adj. 惊愕的，吃惊的amazing adj. 令人惊异的amazement n. 吃惊，惊愕12confuse vt. 使困惑confused adj. 困惑的confusing adj. 令人困惑的confusion n. 混乱；困惑13preparation n. 准备，预备prepare vt. 准备；预备prepared adj. 准备好的14patience n. 耐心；忍耐力patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人patiently adv. 耐心地15observe vt. 观察，观测observation n. 观察16disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件advantage n. 有利条件，长处用所给词的适当形式填空1It was an anxious moment for us that day.We were waiting anxiously at the gate for the result of the match.Next to us were some girls watching us with anxiety(anxious)2My father is so good a doctor that he is always patient with his patients and he also has patience with us.He treats us very patiently(patient)3From her confused look，I knew that the confusing speech made her confused(confuse)4We were amazed at his amazing performance，and other people were also looking at him in amazement(amaze)5The goods in this shop vary from season to season. In winter, there are various kinds of coats while in summer there are a variety of fruits.(vary)1take_off起飞2.in_order_to_do_something目的是，以便3upside_down颠倒地，倒置地4turn_up出现，到场 5back_out决定不履行(允诺的事)6get_across使理解(某事)7in_turn轮流8break_out(坏事)突然发生，爆发9o_prison把关进监狱10stand_by坚持(某种说法)11on_ones_way在途中12break_down损坏，不能运转13run_out_of用完，耗尽14carry_on继续做某事选用上面的短语填空My parents didnt like me to travel to Australia alone.Finally I managed to 1.get_across them and took the plane that 2.took_off on Sunday flying to Australia.After reaching Australia，I rented a car to Sydney with a friend.Unfortunately，3.on_our_way_to Sydney，our car 4.broke_downWhats worse，we 5.ran_out_of oil.Luckily another car passing by stopped to help us out.1too.to.太而不能Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.【仿写】听到儿子归来的消息，这位母亲太激动而无法控制泪水。Hearing that her son came home，the mother was too_excited_to_hold_back her tears.2表示方位或时间的副词位于句首，句子用全部倒装语序Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.【仿写】门突然开了，从里面冲出来一个高个子男孩。Suddenly the door opened，out rushed_a_tall_boy3have difficulty (in) doing sth.在方面有困难The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking. 【仿写】运动员李梅用英语表达自己的想法并没有困难。The player Li Mei doesnt have_any_difficulty_(in)_expressing_herself in English.状态动词和动作动词；定语从句()单句改错1One day a few weeks ago he was unexpectedly found sit in a village house.sitsitting2She smells a smell of the food and found it very unpleasant. smellssmelled3I have many books，most of that are very interesting and instructive. thatwhich4All the neighbors admire this family，which the parents treat their child like a friend.whichwhere5We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people，most of who are healthy. whowhom differ vi.不同于，区别于(教材P23)How do the tourists differ from local people?游客与本地人有什么不同？(1)differ from.in.与在方面不同differ with sb.on/about/over.与某人在方面意见不同(2)be different from.不同于(3)difference n.差异，差别make a/no difference有/无影响tell the difference between A and B指出A与B的不同 The girl differs greatly from her twin sister in appearance and character.这个女孩与她的双胞胎姐姐在外貌和性格上差别很大。(2016浙江高考单项填空)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系差异性不大。基础练习单句语法填空(1)(2016四川高考)You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference(differ) when youre older.(2)Our students come from different(differ) backgrounds but have the same desire to learn online.(3)He differs with his lawyer on/about/over how to present the case.能力提升一句多译英式英语和美式英语在很多方面有区别。(4)British English and American English differ in many ways.(differ)(5)British English differs_from American English in many ways.(differ)(6)British English is_different_from American English in many ways.(different)(7)There are differences between British English and American English.(difference) anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的(教材P23)From that moment they started to feel anxious and they slept badly that night.从那时起他们开始感到忧虑并且那晚他们失眠了。(1)be anxious for/to do sth.渴望某事/做某事be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.急于(让某人)做be anxious about.为担心/担忧be anxious that.渴望(that从句中用should动词原形)(2)anxiety n.忧虑，担心with anxiety焦虑地(3)anxiously adv.焦虑地(2016北京高考)Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. 总是紧张，所以我一次集中注意力的时间不到一个小时。The parents tried not to communicate their anxieties to their children.家长们尽量不把焦虑告诉孩子们。基础练习单句语法填空(1)(2016江苏高考单项填空) Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview.(2)The audience were waiting for the final result with anxiety(anxious)(3)(天津高考单项填空)Anxiously(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didnt fit.能力提升高考小作文(4)(全国卷书面表达)别人告诉我辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助， 我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and Im_anxious_to_get_help_from_youMy daughter studies very hard because she is anxious to go to college.But she is anxious about not passing the entrance exam.I am really anxious that she should manage to get rid of her anxiety. riskvt.冒的危险 nC，U危险，风险(教材P116)What makes people risk their lives to do them?是什么促使人们冒着生命危险去做它们呢？(1)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事risk ones life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事(2)at risk 有风险at the risk of.冒着的风险put sb./sth.at risk使某人/某物有危险take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事take risks/a risk to do 冒险做 Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.如果年轻人每天都处于嘈杂的音乐中， 他们很可能有变聋的危险。 He is willing to take a risk to save someones life.他愿意冒险去救某个人的生命。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The young man risked his life to_save(save) the drowning child.(2)(2016全国卷甲)I ran the risk of losing(lose) those students who had a different style of thinking.能力提升一句多译有一大家人要养活， 所以他不能冒险失去这一次好机会。 (3)He has a large family to support, so he cant take_risks/a_risk_to_lose_the_good_chance. (risk n)(4)He has a large family to support, so he cant take/run_the_risk_of losing the good chance.(risk n)(5)He has a large family to support, so he cant risk_losing_the_good_chance. (risk v) various adj.不同的；各种各样的(2016江苏高考)The Internet makes us smarter over various kinds of things.网络使我们对各种各样的事情更明智。(1)vary vt.& vi.使不同，变化vary from.to.变化范围从到(2)variety n.变化；多样性a variety of/varieties of/all sorts of/all kinds of各种各样的 The research team is made up of the pupils，whose ages vary from 10 to 15.这个研究小组是由年龄从十岁到十五岁不等的学生组成的。One of the advantages is that we can find a variety of topics.其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题。巧学活用单句语法填空(1)They were late for the meeting for a variety(vary) of reasons.(2)It is known that the weather here varies(vary) with seasons.(3)Many people are taking part in various(variety) TV programs to achieve overnight success. confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆(经典例句)There was a confused look on his face when he met with the confusing problem.当他遇到令人费解的问题时他脸上有困惑的表情。(1)confuse A with/and B 把A和B混淆 (2)confused adj.困惑的，烦恼的(表示人的内心感受)be confused by被弄混，糊涂be confused about对糊涂，不解confusing adj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(表示事物的状态)(3)confusion n.困惑 I confused her with/and her sister because they were so alike.我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。I know that most of you may be confused by the instruction.我知道你们大部分人可能被这个指示弄糊涂了。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The girl stopped in confusion(confuse) as everyone turned to look at her. (2)The long speech made most of the audience confused(confuse)(3)(2016上海高考)After what seemed like a safe amount of time，I read the poem again and was confused(confuse)(4)He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)能力提升句式升级(5)He was confused with the present situation so he didnt know what to do next.Confused_with_the_present_situation，he_didnt_know_what_to_do_next.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写) quantity n量，数量(教材P27)He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.他去了一个城市，在那里铁被大量地生产。(1)in quantityin large amounts大量；很多a large/small quantity of大量的/少量的quantities of大量；许多(2)quality n.质量 As far as Im concerned，it is quality rather than quantity that really counts.依我看来，重要的是质量而不是数量。The businessman found some ways to encourage the customers to buy goods in quantity.那个商人想了一些办法鼓励顾客成批量地购买商品。(1)a quantity of和quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。(2)“a quantity of名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities of名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。基础练习单句语法填空(1)A large quantity of rice was(be) sold at a discount in the market yesterday.(2)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are(be) being washed away each year.(3)If you buy this goods in quantity, we will offer a better price to you. (4)Why does the river around the village smell terrible?Because large quantities of water have_been_polluted(pollute) already.(5)As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered(cover) the land.能力提升高考小作文(6)(四川高考书面表达)在考前，我花了大量的时间作准备。 否则， 我不会成功地通过考试。 Before the exam, I spent_a_large_quantity_of_time_in_preparing_for it. Otherwise, I wouldnt have succeeded in passing the exam. aimn目标；目的 vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力(2016上海高考选词填空)The aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means.这位设计者的目的是通过最有效的方式来找出解决问题的方法。(1)achieve ones aim达到目的；实现目标take aim at向瞄准without aim漫无目的地with the aim of以为目标；意在(2)aim sth.at sb./sth.用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim at doing sth./aim to do sth.意欲、企图、力求做某事be aimed at目的是；旨在 (2016上海高考)More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming.更近些时候，由近200个国家签署的巴黎协定目标也是限制全球变暖。After graduation, she went to London with the aim of finding a wellpaid job.在毕业后，她去了伦敦，目的是找一个高薪的工作。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The girl is aiming to_lose(lose) four kilos before the summer holidays.(2)When I saw him, he was taking aim at a black bear in the forest.(3)I was walking aimlessly in the street when I came across John, who led an aimless sort of life without any aim(aim)(4)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly.能力提升句式升级(5)This activity is aimed at improving the students ability，which is very popular.Aimed_at_improving_the_students_ability，this activity is very popular.(用过去分词作状语改写) observe vt.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝；注意到(2016江苏高考书面表达)Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed. 因此，必须制定一些规则并要严格遵守。一词多义写出下列句中observe的含义(1)The scientists devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观察(2)His neighbor observed a stranger enter his house and take away some valuables.注意到(3)Having lived in China for years，the Greens still observe Christmas every year.庆祝(4)So far the traffic rules have been observed by everyone in our city.遵守(1)observe sb.do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程)observe sb.doing sth.观察某人正在做某事(2)observationn.观察；观测 observe后接不带 to的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中，必须加上to。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The young man is not honest and he is often observed to_cheat(cheat) at cards.(2)This is a study based on detailed observation(observe) of a group of 20 patients.(3)When I passed his house，I observed him playing(play) in the yard.能力提升高考小作文(4)(2015江苏高考书面表达)起作用的是遵守规则的人，遵守秩序来保持我们社会的有序和正常运转是每个人的职责。 It is the people who obey the rules that matter. It is everybodys duty to_observe_them_to_keep_our_society_in_order and going on the right track. limitvt.限制；限定 n界限；边界；限度(经典例句)There is a limit to ones life，but no limit to serving the people.一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。 (1)limit.to.把限制在内(2)beyond the limit超过限度within the limits of在范围内set a limit to sth.对规定限度there is a/no limit to对是有限的/无限的(3)limited adj.有限的 (2015全国卷书面表达)The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.文章的长度大约限制在400字。But our funds were limited, and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.但是我们的资金是有限的，在我们的价格范围之内没有一所房子是令人满意的。A lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.没有接受过正规教育会限制你的就业机会。 基础练习单句语法填空(1)(2015上海高考)At a time of limited(limit) means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky.(2)(2015湖南高考)In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited(limit)(3)Ill help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.能力提升高考小作文(4)(浙江高考书面表达)他出生在一个贫困家庭，只在童年时接受过有限的教育。He was born in a poor family, and only received_a_limited_education_in_his_childhood take off脱下(衣、帽、鞋等)；起飞；动身，离开； 减去；在(某期间)休假；开始成名(经典例句)The plane took off an hour late.飞机起飞晚了一个小时。一词多义写出下列句中take off的含义(1)She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work.脱掉(2)Its exciting to feel the plane taking off.起飞(3)Ive decided to take a few days off.休假(4)Bill Gates is really a great man，whose career took off in his early thirties.开始成名take away 拿走，带走；夺去；使离去take back 收回，拿回，认错take down拆卸，拆毁；记下，录下take over接任，接管，接收take up拿起；占据；对有兴趣；开始从事take in欺骗；理解；吸收take on雇用；呈现；承担巧学活用用适当的介、副词填空(1)This type of influence can help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.(2)Dont be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.(3)The young man will take over the company when his father retires.(4)The reporter has taken down what the old man said about the event.(5)(2016江苏高考单项填空)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. turn up出现，到场；开大(音量等)；被找到，被 发现；翻起，竖起(教材P25)When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.我第一次站在台上紧张得真想退缩下来，但我的朋友们说服了我去克服它。turn down调小；拒绝turn over 翻转；移交turn out 结果是；生产；制造；赶走turn off 关掉turn to 求助于 How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months？既然你失业好几个月了，你怎么能拒绝这么好的一份工作呢？Dont worryIm sure it will all turn out fine.别担心我敢肯定一切都将会好起来的。基础练习用turn的相关短语填空(1)(2015天津高考单项填空)Tom had to turn_down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2)When the sports hero turned_up at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.(3)To our disappointment, it turned_out that the button didnt work any more.(4)He turned_down my suggestion and turned_over the business to his daughter.能力提升高考小作文(5)(重庆高考书面表达)我主张我们每个人都应该尽最大努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。 这样的话我们在有困难时就有人求助了。 I argue that every one of us should try our best to help those in need.Then we can have someone to_turn_to_when_in_trouble get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受； 横过(马路，河等)(教材P25)Its difficult to get across how exciting it is!要真正体会到这是多么令人兴奋的事并不容易。get away from 逃离；远离；避开get down to开始认真处理/对待，开始做get over克服get through穿过；完成；接通电话；用完 It took me an hour to get across my intention to her.我用了一个小时才让她明白我的意图。After about