高考英语二轮复习60分达标阅读理解训练(4).doc

2015届高考英语二轮复习60分达标阅读理解训练12一 、阅读理解（本大题共6小题，共60分）AAnother ReasonIt was a quiet village in which there was a military camp. It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around. Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers. But it was difficult for the young men to go outside. Mr. White, an officer of forty, was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.Once Mr. White was ill in bed. He couldnt work and a young officer, Mr. Hunt, began to train the new soldiers instead of him. He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday. But night fell and none came back to the camp. He was worried about it and stood at the gate. It was five to twelve when Mr. Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening with the young men. He started the car quickly and set off. At that moment the nine soldiers came back. It seemed they were all drunk. Of course they found the officer was angry.“Im sorry, sir,” said the first soldier. “I left the town on time. But something was wrong with my bus on my way here. I had to buy a horse and made it run fast. Bad luck! It died and I had to run back.”And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reasons. It was the last soldiers turn. He said, “Im sorry, sir. I got on a bus on time, but”Having heard this, the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once. He called out, “If you say something was wrong with your bus, Ill punish you at once!”“No, no, sir,” said the young man. “My bus was all right, but the dead horses were in its way!”1. The military camp was built in the village to _. A. stop the soldiers going to townsB. stop the soldiers meeting their friendsC. train the new soldiersD. make the young men live quietly2. Mr. Hunt let the nine soldiers have a holiday because _. A. he was kind to themB. they felt lonelyC. they had something important to doD. they were the best of all3. The young officer was worried because _. A. a traffic accident had happenedB. he was afraid something happened to the nine soldiersC. the nine soldiers didnt come back on timeD. the nine soldiers drank too much in the town4. The nine soldiers returned to the camp late because _. A. something was wrong with their busesB. their horses died on the return wayC. it took them much time to run backD. they all had drunk much in the town5. Which answer do you think right? A. Ill believe only the last soldier.B. The officer believed the nine soldiers.C. Ill believe none of the nine soldiers.D. The officer wont punish his soldiers.【答案解析】【答案与解析】本文讲9个士兵为自己没有按时返回军营找借口开脱的故事。1. C。细节题。根据第1段第2句和第3句 It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around. Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers 可知答案为 C。2. A。推断题。根据第2段第3句 He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday 可知答案为 A。3. B。推断题。根据 Mr. Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening with the young men 可知答案为 B。4. D。细节题。根据 It seemed they were all drunk 可知答案为 D。5. C。推断题。那9个士兵在为自己的晚归找借口，他们是在说谎，因此应该选择C。BDSomething in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.Ten healthy volunteers(志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs.The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin need to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they need only slightly higher levers of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a verve activity(神经活动), which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.53. According to Professor Barnes, theobromine _.A. cannot be as effective as codeineB. can be harmful to peoples healthC. cannot be separated from chocolate D. can be a more effective cure for coughs54. What was used in the experiment to cause coughing?A. Theobromine. B. Codeine. C. Capsaicin. D. Placebo.55. We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment _.A. were patients with bad coughsB. were divided into the three groupsC. received standard treatmentsD. suffered little side effects56. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Codeine: A New Medicine B. Chocolate May Cure CoughsC. Cough Treatment: A Hard Case D. Theobromine Can Cause Coughs【答案解析】56【标准答案】B。【高考考点】归纳主旨题。【试题解析】本文主要介绍chocolate中含有的一种成分Theobromine能有很好的止咳效果，所以该题的正确答案为B55【标准答案】B。【高考考点】推理判断题。【试题解析】从第四段首句Ten healthy volunteers(志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment.可知实验中每组人吃一种所给的物品才能看出止咳的效果，故需要三组志愿者。54【标准答案】C。【高考考点】细节理解题。【试题解析】A、B、D三项中的物品是用来做实验的物品。在文章第四段最后一句The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs.可知Capsaicin（辣椒素）用来引起咳嗽和作为这些药物如何止咳的依据。53【标准答案】D。【高考考点】推理判断题。【试题解析】从第二段的Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.可看出theobromine比codeine更有效，判断A项错误。既然它用来止咳，改善人们的生活质量，所以B项错误。在第一段提到了heobromine是从chocolate里提炼出来的，所以C项错误。故正确答案是D项。D篇是一篇科普性读物。选材于医学的某一方面的研究对巧克力中theobromine（可可碱）独特的治疗咳嗽的功效的对比研究，证明theobromine（可可碱）是未来有效的治疗咳嗽的良药。CC Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment. Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You dont need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, its free. 64. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of? A. Cycling around a lake. B. Motor racing in the desert. C. Playing basketball in a gym. D. Swimming in a sports center. 65. What do we know about golf from the passage? A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain. B. It causes water shortages around the world. C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes. D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green. 66. The author uses power walking as an example mainly because _. A. it is an outdoor sport B. it improves our health C. it uses fewer resources D. it is recommended by experts 67. The author writes the passage to _. A. show us the function of major sports B. encourage us to go in for green sports C. discuss the major influence of popular sports D. introduce different types of environment-friendly sports 【答案解析】64【答案】A。 【解析】推理判断题。作者主张绿色运动，对环境有利，并且不耗费太多的成本，由此可知A为最佳答案。 65【答案】D。 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段可知答案。 66【答案】C。 【解析】细节理解提。由第二段话可知C为最佳选项。是从由利于环境（environment-friendly）考虑的。 67【答案】B。 【解析】写作意图题。最后一段话明确告诉我们作者的目的是让我们能够去从事environment-friendly的运动。 DD（2013安徽卷） “People are ruder today because they are rushed and more time poor than ever before,” says Patsy Rowe, “ Manners have fallen off the radar(雷达).” Due to our strong attraction to electronic equipment it is a wonder more people dont wake up each morning and greet the singing birds with a complaint（抱怨）about the noise. Here are some examples of rudeness. Some people prefer to do almost everything over the internet. To them, dealing with an actual human is like an evolutionary step backward. It feels very slow because humans dont work at 4G speeds. When you have dinner with friends, you will often notice someone paying more attention to his mobile phone. We have programmed ourselves to think that every new message brings life-changing news, so taking calls and checking our texts are more important than talking to the people we are with. What is worse, some people even tend to send anonymous（匿名的） rude messages by email. However, rudeness is never acceptable, Dont assume it is OK to be rude if the person youre in touch with wont recognize you. If you have something awful to say, have the courage to face the person and say it, write a letter or email and sign it, or forget it. Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.We shouldnt blame technology for our shortcomings.Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to take over our lives. An important step ia acknowledging our shortcomings.People spend a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more help if wed publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.68.What can be infend from the underlined sentence in Paragraph I? A.People can tell good from bad behavior.B.Radar is able tu obserbe human behabior.C. People care little about their behabior.D. Radar can be used to predict human behabior.69.Some people are less willing to deal with humans because A.they are becoming less patientB.they are growing too independentC.they have to handle many important messagesD.they have to follow an evolutionary step backward.70.The author thinks sending unsigned awful messages is A.Ridiculous B.disgusting C.acceptable D.reasonable71.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.We should applaud good behabior.B.Technology can neber be blamedC.We should keep pointing out mistakes.D.Technology will take over lives one day.【答案解析】【要点综述】本文主要讲诉了随着生活节奏的加快，人们变得越来越无礼，很多人不再关心礼貌问题。现在有越来越多的人喜欢借助电子产品来做一切事情，如用手机匿名的恶意短信。但是无论如何，这种粗鲁的行为是不可接受的，出现这个问题，我们需要谴责的不是这些电子产品，而是要不断检查我们自己的行为，认识到什么才是正确的行为习惯。68.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据前文People are ruder today，当今人们比以前粗鲁了，及下文描述，可知选C，人们不太关心他们的行为了。69.【答案】A【解析】根据第二段To them, dealing with an actual human is like an evolutionary step backward可知他们对于真实的人打交道变得更没耐心了，故选A。70.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting，可知用匿名的短信骚扰别人是残忍的和令人讨厌的，故选B。71. 【答案】A【解析】主旨概括题。这段主要是讲我们应该了解我们的缺点，但是如果公开的认可好的行为习惯，将会更有帮助，故选A，我们应该鼓励好的行为。E【答案解析】F If you can find a tree which has been cut down, you will see many rings, or circles, on the base of the trunk (树干基部). By learning to read these rings, you can find out about the trees life. The number of rings tells you how old the tree is. Each year, new wood is formed on the outside of the tree. This new wood is light in colour when the tree is growing in spring and summer, and dark in winter when the tree is not growing much. So, if you count the rings of dark-or-light-coloured wood, you can often find out how old the tree is. You can also tell which years have been good years and which years have been bad years. When the light-coloured rings are very wide, it means that the tree has been growing quickly that year. If the light rings are narrow, it has been growing slowly. If the rings on a tree trunk were greatly magnified (放大), you would be able to see why the rings are light-coloured when the tree is growing quickly, and dark-coloured when the tree is growing slowly. The tree trunk is made up of microscopic tubes (毛细管), like long pipes, carrying water from the soil, through the trunk, and up to the leaves. They are wide and thin-walled when the tree is growing quickly and they are carrying a lot of water. They are narrow and stuck together when the tree is not growing so quickly. When a tree is old, the tubes in the centre of the tree dont carry water. The walls of the tubes have become thick with materials which have stuck along them over the years forming a kind of wood called heartwood. This kind of wood is darker in colour than the young, growing wood on the outside of the tree. You dont very often see whole tree trunks which have been cut across. But once you learn to read a cross section (横截面) of the wood, you can see much more in wood which has been use