现代大学英语精读5-课后答案.doc

Lesson 1Vocabulary1. Manhood: thestateofbeinghuman2. White lie: harmlessortriviallie，esponetoldinordertoavoidhurtingsb3. black sheep：person regarded as a disgrace or a failure by other members of his family or group 4. To upset: todefeat5. Affirmation: statingsthastruthfirmlyandforcefully6. To strain: tomakethegreatestpossibleeffort7. Off base: mistaken8. (a) want (of) : lackof9. Ringing cry: rallyingcallParagraph 1. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy.It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3. The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation.The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when a negro is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free.4. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.5. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the individuals ability and talents.At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was).6. the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.7. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity.This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.8. when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.when the unfair practice of judhing human value by the amount of money a person has irs done away with.9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination.Translation1. A white lie is better than a black lie.一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。2. To upset this cultural homicide,the Negro must rise up with an affirmation of his own Olympian manhood.为了挫败各种蓄意培植的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。3. . with a spirit staining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles of self-abnegation.黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。4. What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love without power is sentimental and anemic.必须懂得没有爱的权力是毫无节制、易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感、脆弱无力的。5. It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of our times.正是这种邪恶的权力和没有权势的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。6. Now early in this century this proposal would have been greeted with ridicule and denunciation, as destructive of initiative and responsibility.在本世纪之初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感起负面作用7. The fact is that the work which improves the condition of mankind, the work which extends knowledge and increases power and enriches literature and elevates thought, is not done to secure a living.事实上，人们从事改善人类处境的工作，从事传播知识、增强实力、丰富文学财富以及升华思想的工作并不是为了谋生。8. . it can spend billions of dollars to put Gods children on their own two feet right here on earth.它能够花费几十亿美元帮助上帝的孩子自立于这个世界。9. Furthermore, few if any violent revolutions have been successful unless the violent minority had the sympathy and support of the nonresistant majority.除非主张暴力的少数人得到大多数人的同情与支持，不和他们对抗，否则，暴力革命很少或者说几乎没有成功的。10. Let us realize the arc of the moral universe is long but it bends towards justice.我们要懂得道义的苍穹长又长，但它终将落向正义。让这一信念成为我们的战斗口号。它将给我们勇气以面对无法预见的未来，它将给我们疲惫的双脚以新的力量，向着自由大城大踏步继续我们的征程。当绝望的阴云密布，我们的日子变得阴郁无望时，当我们的夜晚变得比1000个深夜还黑暗时，让我们记住宇宙之间有一种创造力，能把黑暗的昨天变成光辉灿烂的明天。让我们铭记道德的苍穹长又长，但它终将落向正义。Lesson twoVocabulary1.ballerina: a woman ballet dancer2.dial: control panel/buttons on the TV set3.to entrance: to be interested in4.to mwamweize: to fascinate5. To keep time: to use the right rhythm and speed6. Reverie: imagination7.debut: a first show in public8.to twirl: to turn round and round9.to prance: to move with high steps10. Jumble: untidy mixture11. Repeat: sign at the end of line in music indicating a parts to be repeated12. To anchor: to fasten, can not move13.fiasco: complete failure14.recital: performance15.tuner: the man who adjusts the strings of a musical instrument16.moth-proof: treated chemically so as to resist the attacks from mothsParagraph 1. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.I imagined myself being different types of prodigy, trying to find out which type would best suit me.2. I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of wonts. Some new thoughts came to my mind, thoughts that I deliberately wanted to be disobedient, or to be more exact, thoughts that I would say lots of “I wont ” to my mother.3. The girl had a sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was somewhat like Shirley Temple, a bit rude, but in an amusing way. 4. It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, as if this awful side of me had surfaced, at last. While saying these, I was scared as if some very unpleasant, horrible things had got out of my chest; but at the same time, I felt a bit delighted for I was finally able to make this awful part of me known to my mother.5. And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point, I wanted to see it spill over.And I could feel that her anger was coming to the point where her endurance and self-control would collapse, but I wanted to see what exactly she would do when that happened. 6. The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it not only shut out the dust but also put an end to my misery and my mothers dreams as well.Translation: A. Phrases 1. with almost no money down (Para. 1) 几乎不用首付现款 2. the raised hopes and failed expectations (Para. 18) 过高的希望和达不到的期盼3. shorting out (Para. 21) 短路4. the showpiece of our living room (Para. 47) 我家起居室的唯一摆设（陈列品） 5. stiff-lipped smile (Para. 51) 不自然的微笑6. frighteningly strong (Para. 70) 力气大得吓人 7. follow their own mind (Para. 72) 自行其事B. Sentences 1. Instead of getting big fat curls, I emerged with an uneven mass of crinkly black fuzz.(Para. 6) 我的头发没有做出我要的大卷花，而是 给我弄成一头乱蓬蓬的黑色小卷毛。 2. She checked to see if that was possibly one way to pronounce Helsinki before showing me the answer. (Para. 15) 在她告诉我答案前，她对了对手中的杂志，看看赫尔辛基是否能这样发音。 3. She seemed entranced by the music, a little frenzied piano piece with this mesmerizing quality, sort of quick passages and then teasing lilting ones before it returned to the quick playful parts. (Para. 22) 她似乎被这音乐吸引住了。这钢琴曲不 长，但有点狂乱，有着迷人的特点，乐曲一开始是快节奏的接着是欢快跳动的 节拍，然后又回到嬉戏的部分。 4. If she had as much talent as she has temper, she would be famous now. (Para. 33) 如果她的才气和脾气一样大的话，她早 就出名了。 5. The part I liked to practice best was the fancy curtsy: right foot out, touch the rose on the carpet with a pointed foot, sweep to the side, left leg bends, look up and smile.(Para. 49) 我最喜欢练习的部分是花哨的谢幕行礼 动作：先出右脚，脚尖点在地毯上的玫 瑰图案上，身子侧摆，左腿弯曲，抬头， 微笑。 6. A chill started at the top of my head and began to trickle down. Yet I couldnt stop playing, as though my hands were bewitched. I kept thinking my fingers would adjust themselves back, like a train switching to the right track. (Para. 52) 一股凉气从头顶开始，然后一点点传到全身。但我却不能停止演奏，双手好像 着了魔似的。我不停地想，我的手指会调整好，就像火车会被扳到正确的轨道 上。 7. . and her face went blank, her mouth closed, her arms went slack, and she backed out of the room, stunned, as if she were blowing away like a small brown leaf, thin, brittle, lifeless. (Para. 76) 她的脸部失去了表情，嘴巴紧闭，双臂 无力地垂下。她退出了房间，神色惊异， 好像一小片枯黄的树叶被风吹走那样单 薄、脆弱、毫无生气。 8. And for the first time, or so it seemed, I noticed the piece on the right-hand side. It was called Perfectly Contented. I tried to play this one as well. It had a lighter melody but the same flowing rhythm and turned out to be quite easy. Pleading Child was shorter but slower; Perfectly Contented was longer, but faster. And after I played them both a few times, I realized they were two halves of the same song. (Para. 93)我第一次，或好像感觉是第一次，注意 到右边的乐曲。它的名称是“心满意足”。我也试着弹这首曲子。它的曲调比较轻 松，但节奏同样流畅，不是很难。“祈 求的孩子”较短、较慢，而“心满意足” 更长、更快一些。在我弹了几遍后，我 意识到，原来这两个曲子是同一首歌的 两个组成部分。 Lesson threeVocabulary1. inthethroesof: intheactofstrugglingwith2. Dynamic: aforceproducingmotionorchange3. Agenda: programofthingstobedone4. (be) Shotthrough: havealotof, asiffullofholesafterashotgunblast5. Criticalmass: alargenumberofyoungpeoplewhoaredecisive6. Tohangout:tospendmuchofonestime;frequent7. Totake(sb) inhand: tocontrolsomeone, astoshowhimhowtobehaveoract8. Pocket: anisolatedareaofaspecifiedtype9. Tocatch: tobecomepopular10. Plunging: extendingfardowninarevealingwayParaphrase1. Yet globalization“is a reality, not a choice”. (Para. 2)However, as one report said, globalization “is now an ordinary fact of life, not something one can choose to have or not.” 2. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. (Para. 5)Political groups favored by the general public have appeared in large numbers to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault.” 3. where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand. (Para. 5).where the two trends the dislike and fear of things foreign and the desire to build China into one of a powerful, industrialized economy have often contended with each other for dominance. 4. Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers hat work. (Para. 6)Those people in countries like China should continue to live a backward life while we ourselves will enjoy a comfortable life with all modern facilities. 5. Westernization is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. (Para. 7)Westernization is a concept full of self-contradictions and held by people of very different backgrounds and views. 6. You dont have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye. (Para. 10)You dont have to look fashionable or attractive in order to find out what will be the future trend; you only need to be observant and able to make judgments about it. 7. Hewas up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones. (Para. 19)He was playing the game on the Internet with people living in different parts of the world, an activity that goes far beyond the limit of time zones. 8. In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000. (Para. 22)In the first two weeks after starting business in Shanghai, the Gucci Store made as much as $100,000, a surprisingly large amount of money. 9. Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture. (Para. 29) Early before that / From the very beginning I realized I was going to need some guidance that would lead me through the rich and wide variety of global cultures. 10. The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal. (Para. 39)The way of expressing / showing repentance may have been characteristic of the Jews, but the desire for forgiveness from God was common to people of all cultures. TranslationToday we are in the throes of a worldwide reformation of cultures, a tectonic shift of habits and dreams called, in the curious vocabulary of social scientists, “globalization”.今天我们正经历着一种世界范围的文化巨变的阵痛, 一种习俗与追求的结构性的变化; 这种变化, 用社会学家们的奇特词汇来称呼, 就叫做“全球化”。Whatever their backgrounds or agendas, these critics are convinced that Western often equated with American influences will flatten every cultural crease, producing, as one observer terms it, one big “McWorld”.不管其背景或纲领如何, 这些对全球化持批评态度的人都相信, 西方的影响 经常等同于美国的影响 会使所有不同的文化都丧失其独特性, 从而产生出一种就像一位观察家所说的 “麦当劳世界”。But I also discovered that cultures are as resourceful, resilient, and unpredictable as the people who compose them.而我同时也发现, 文化, 就像创造文化的民族一样, 善于随机应变 / 具有应变能力, 富有弹性, 而且不可预测。Its really hard to be original these days, so the easiest way to come up with new stuff is to mix things that already exist.如今想要创新极为困难, 因此最容易的办法就是把现存的东西糅合在一起, 弄出个新玩意来。The Cosmopolitan, plunging necklines and all, is read by 260,000 Chinese women every month. (Para. 20)每个月, 有26万中国女性在阅读(美国的)时尚杂志, 里面有那些开领低胸服装的画页和其他内容。 The lights went out, and for a moment the only sound in the darkness was the whirring of an expensive camera on auto-rewind. (Para. 27)灯光熄灭了, 有那么一阵子, 黑暗中所能听到的只有一部昂贵的相机自动倒片时发出的声音。They received a lot from local cultures, but they also kept their own identity. (Para. 38)他们从当地的文化中汲取了很多东西, 但也保留了他们自己的本色。Linking is humanitys natural impulse, its common destiny. (Para. 40)相互联系是人类自然的欲望, 是人类共同的命运。 They are the powerful cords of the heart. (Para. 40)这些联系是连接人们心灵的强有力的纽带。Lesson fourVocabulary1.Stage: thetheater,drama,oractingasaprofession2.Reputable: inagoodrepute;havingagoodreputation;well-thought-of;respectable3.Phantom: ghostlyimageorfigure;ghost4.Angel: a messenger of God; a person regarded as being as beautiful, good, innocent, etc. as an angel, esp. Said of women or children. 5.Draught: acurrentofairinaroom6.Art: 1)ability,skillorapplicationofaskill;2) (pl) sly, cunning tricks fine skill or aptitude in creating or expressing what is beautiful, sep. in visual form7.Credit: praise;approvalforanact;abilityoraquality8. Proceeds: (pl) the money or profit derived from a sale, business venture, etc. 9.To induce: (fml)tocauseaparticularphysicalcondition10.To nose: tolookcloselyandinquisitively11.Trance: a state in which you behave as if you were asleep but are still able to hear and understand what is said to you, similar to the unconscious state.12.Nominally: innameonlyParaphrase1. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer. (Para. 1)Unlike a pianist or a painter who must have a piano or hire models, or visit famous cities like Paris, Vienna and Berlin, or be taught by masters and mistresses, a writer does not need all this. 2. She would have plucked the heart out of my writing. (Para. 3)Those conventional attitudes and beliefs (represented by the Angel) would have taken away the essence / soul of my writing.3. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. (Para. 3)Thus, whenever I felt the influence of traditional Victorian values and attitudes (about gender roles) on my writing, I fought back with all my power. 4. For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women. (Para. 5)This is because, even though men readily allow themselves full freedom in speaking or writing about such as the body and passions, I dont think they realize how severely they condemn, or can control their extremely severe condemnation of, such freedom in women. 5. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to write a book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against. (Para. 6)No doubt, it will still take a long time, as I believe, before women are finally able to enjoy the freedom of writing without having to fight those conventional values, beliefs and prejudices that are unfavorable to them. 6. Even when the path is nominally open when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way. (Para. 7)Even though the path is now open to women in name only, when they have the freedom to choose to be a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, I believe that there still exist many false ideas and obstacles to impede a womans progress.7. You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men. (Para. 7)By fighting against the Angel in the House and through your painstaking efforts, you have gained a position and some freedom in a society which has so far been dominated by men. Translation: A.