牛津小学英语第六单元知识点整理.doc

牛津小学英语第六单元知识点整理Unit 6 Planning for the weekend一、重要词组：1. have school上课；有课 2.have a picnic野餐3. Id love to 我很愿意4.go on an outing去远足5. by the way顺便地；附带说说 6.see a play看戏剧演出7. see a Beijing opera 看京剧 8.of course当然9. on Saturday morning在周六上午 10.call sb. 打电话给某人11. warm and sunny温暖晴朗 12. join us加入我们13.watch the snow 观雪14. take part in the sports meeting参加运动会 15. by the window 在窗户那儿，靠着窗户16. make a plan 制定计划17. class project 班级课题 18. have a class outing举行班级远足19. their plans for the weekend 他们的周末计划20. meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre一点半在花园剧院门前会面21. buy some presents买一些礼物22. at the concert 在音乐会上23. come with Wang Bing 和王宾一起来24. tomorrow afternoon 明天下午25. give/ have a concert举行音乐会 26. a singing contest 歌咏比赛27.give a puppet show举行木偶演出 28. a new zebra from Africa 来自非洲的新斑马29.meet at the bus stop at 10:30 10:30在公交车站会面30.the girl with the yellow bowl 端着黄碗的女孩二、句型：1. 一般将来时 be going to （表示“打算、将要、准备去做某事”）询问“某人打算干什么”及其应答：-What are we/you going to do? -Were/Im going to+动词原形/地点+时间-What are you going to do at 10:15 tomorrow morning? -Im going to-What is he/she/Liu Tao going to do? -He/She is going to-What are Liu Tao and Tom going to do?-They are going to 其它特殊疑问句：-Where are you going?-Im going to Hongmei Park.-What time are you doing to come home? -At 4:30, I think.-When are they going to meet?-Theyre going to meet at 1:30.Will 近似于 be going to, 但在具体使用的时候意义上还是有所不同的。Im going to visit the History Museum. / I will visit the History Museum.2. 打电话用语：Call:Hello. Is that ? / Hello, may I speak to ? Hello. Is that you, ？ (用于熟人或老朋友之间)Answer: Hello,6953427. (先自报家门)/ Yes, this is speaking. Whos that? /Yes, speaking.3. 发出邀请及其应答：比较正式、有礼貌的方式： Would you please go to the theatre with me?- Yes, Id like/ love to. 我很愿意去。Will you join us?也可进一步询问时间when，地点where Would you like to join them?如果有事或不想去，也可婉言谢绝：比较随意，用于平辈与好友之间：Thank you, Id love to. But Lets go to the cinema, OK? - OK, lets go.Shall we go to the park? Do you want to join us?介词介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。介词分为三种，一种是简单介词，如at,in,on,beside,to,for等；另一种是短语介词，即由两个以上的词组组成的短语，如infrontof,becauseof,outof,insteadof等；还有一种叫二重介词，如untilafter,frombehind等。（一）介词的句法功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。1、作定语：Thebookonthetableismine.2、作状语：Wehavebreakfastatseven.（表时间）； 3、作表语：Mydictionaryisinthebag.4、作宾语补足语：Ifoundhimintheoffice.（二）主要介词区别1、表示时间的at,in,on：at表示片刻的时间，如：at8oclock，常用词组有：atnoon,atnight, in表示一段的时间，如：inthemorning,intheafternoon, on总是跟日子有关，onMonday,onChristmas2、表示时间的since和from：since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：Ihopetodomorningexercisesfromtoday./Wehavenotseeneachothersince1995.3、表示时间的in和after：两者都表示在（某个时间）之后，区别在于in表示在（一段时间）之后，而after则表示在（某一具体时间点之后），in短语和将来时态连用，after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如：Wellbebackinthreedays./Afterseventherainbegantofall.注意：after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后（常用在过去时里）。如：Aftertwomonthshereturned.4、表示地理位置的in,on,to：in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外。如：ChangchunisinthenortheastofChina./MongoliaisonthenorthofChina./JapanistotheeastofChina.5、表示在上的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。如：Thereisabookonthepieceofpaper./Thereisaninterestingarticleinthenewspaper./Hedugaholeinthewall.6、表示穿过的through和across：through表示从内部通过，与in有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。如：Waterflowsthroughthepipe./Theoldmanwalkedacrossthestreet.7、inthecorner,onthecorner,atthecorner：inthecorner表示在角落里，in指角的内面；onthecorner表示在角上，on指的不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之意；atthecorner指在拐角处，at指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：Thelampstandsinthecorneroftheroom./Imetwithhimatthestreetcorner./Hesatonthecornerofthetable.8、intheend,attheendof,bytheendof：intheend作最后、终于解，可单独使用，后不接介词of；attheendof表示在末梢，到尽头，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；bytheendof作在结束时，到末为止解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。如：Intheendtheyreachedaplaceofsafety./Attheendoftheroadstandsabeautifulgarden./TheydecidedtohaveanEnglisheveningattheendofthisweek./bytheendoflastmonthhehadfinishedthenovel.9、表示关于的about和on：两者都有关于的意思，不过前者为一般用词，而后者为较正式的论述。如：Hecametotellmeaboutsomethingimportant./Hewroteabookonscience.10、between,among：一般说来，between表示两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间。如：Youaretositbetweenyourfatherandme./Heisalwayshappyamonghisclassmates.注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果强调的是两两相互间接关系，适用于between。如：Agreementsweremadebetweenthedifferentcountries.在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时用between。如：Thelittlevalleyliesbetweenhighmountains.。在谈事物间的差别时，总是用between。如：Theydontknowthedifferencebetweenwheat,oatsandbarley.11、besides,except,but,exceptfor：besides指除了还有，再加上。如：Allwentoutbesidesme.；except指除了，减去什么，不能放在句首。如：Allwentoutexceptme.；but与except意思近似，表示除了外经常用在no,all,nobody,anywhere,everything等和其他疑问词后面。如：Ineversawhimreadinganythingbutthenewspaper.；exceptfor表示如无就，只是表明理由细节。如：Hisdiaryisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.12、表示用的in和with：表示工具的用，用with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的用，用in。如：Heiswritingaletterwithapen./Hewrotetheletterinpencil./Wemeasureditinpounds./Readthetextinaloudvoice./TellmethestoryinEnglish.13、inchargeof和inthechargeof：两者都表示由谁负责、照顾、管理。区别在于：inchargeof后接被照管的人或物，而inthechargeof后面则跟照管的人。如：Whoisinchargeoftheproject?/Theprojectisinthechargeofanengineer.。14、as,like：as作作为、以地位或身份解。如：Letmespeaktoyouasafather.（事实是父亲）；like作象一样解。如：Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.（事实上不是父亲）。15、infrontof和inthefrontof：infrontof=before，是在前面的意思（不在某物内）；inthefrontof则是在前部的意思（在某物内）。如：Thereisadeskinfrontoftheblackboard./Theboysatinthefrontofthecar.。16、in,into：into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。如：Wewalkedintothepark.；in通常表示位置。如：Wewalkedinthepark；in和drop,fall,put,throw,break等终止性动词连用时，也可以表示动向。如：Ihaveputthecoinin(into)mypocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音机、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 特定时日和一就，on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。 就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。 海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。 this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。 接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。over、under正上下，above、below则不然， 若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。 beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。 besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。 同类比较except，加for异类记心间。 原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词 under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。 before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。 since以来during间，since时态多变换。 与之相比beside，除了last but one。 复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。 快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。 ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。 之后、关于、在.方面，有关介词须记全。 in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。练习（一）、介词1.Theteacheriswriting_apieceofchalkontheblackboardwhilethestudentsarewriting_inkinexercisebooks.A.with,inB.in,withC.in,inD.with,with2.Theworkercanmakechairs_wood,andalsocanmakepaper_wood.A.from,ofB.of,fromC.of.ofD.from,from3.Marydroppedin_MrSmith,buthewasntathome,soshewenttodropin_MrSmithsoffice.A.on,onB.at,atC.on.atD.at.on4.Theteacherisnotonlystrict_hispupilsbutalsostrict_hisownwork.A.with,withB.in,inC.in,withD.with,in5.Hisgrandfatherdied_thewoundthattheenemysoldierhadgivenhim.andthenhisgrand-motherdied_hungryandcold.A.from,ofB.of,fromC.from,fromD.of.of6.Ifyourun_twoharesyouwillcatchneither.A.intoB.afterC.offD.outof7.Thisisacommonmistake_students.A.betweenB.overC.amongD.about8.Myfatherbegantowork_abusdriverwhenhewastwentyyearsold.A.forB.toC.atD.as9._hearingthenews,Iwaswild_joy.A.At,inB.On,withC.After,byD./,over10.IdontthinkXiaoLiis_theotherstudents_mathematics.A.after,onB.after,withC.behind,inD.behind,at11.Nobodyknowsit_me.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.besidesD.but12.Thewindowisneveropened_insummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.butfor13.Ithappened_theLongMarch.A.duringB.inC.atD.for14.Wegotoschool_abike.A.inB.onC.byD.ove15.Itsverykind_youtorepairthebike_me.A.for.forB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,of16.Freshairisgood_yourhealth.A.atB.forC.ofD.to17.Theboyiswaiting_hissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowait_theirsickmother.A.for,onB.on,forC.for,forD.on.on18.Thegroupismadeup_fivestudents.Andtheyarestudyinghardtomakeup_thelosttime.A.of,ofB.for,forC.of,forD.for,of19.ThePLAmansavedtheboy_death.A.ofB.fromC.toD.on20.Hewillcome_threedays.A.beforeB.afterC.inD.later21.HewenttoBeijingandreturned_threedays.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.after22.Hewillreturn_threeoclock.A.afterB.inC.onD.at23.Hewrotethearticle_threedays.A.atB.inC.onD.by24.Iagree_whatyousaid.A.toB.onC.withD.at25.Doyouagree_thisplan(arrangement)?A.atB.withC.onD.to26.Finallytheyagreed_thetermsofthecontract.A.onB.toC.withD.at27.Doyouoftenhear_yourbrother?A.ofB.fromC.outofD.about28.1heard_thebooklongago,butIhaveneverreadit.A.outB.fromC.ofD.with29.Theplaneflew_thecity.A.acrossB.pastC.throughD.over30.Wewalked_theTianAnMenSquaretotheMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.past31.Iwaswandering_thestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailorsshop.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.past32.Ourbusdrove_theGreatHallofthePeople.A.acrossB.throughC.pastD.over33._thesun,nothingwouldgrow.A.ForB.WithC.UnderD.Without34.Theteacherisbusy_teaching.A.withB.forC.onD.of35.Theteacherisbusy_correctingpapers.A.forB.inC.onD.of36.WeleftXian_._averyhotsummerafternoon.A.onB.inC.duringD.by37.Shefeltdisappointedwhenshefoundouttheyhadgoneswimming_her.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.without38.Histeacherwasangry_him_hisbeinglate.A.at,withB.at,forC.with,forD.with,about39.Myfatherwasdisappointed_thenews.A.byB.aboutC.atD.on40.MrWangwenttoNanjing_October,1998andcamebackhome_themorningofNov.5.A.at;inB.on;atC.in;onD.by;from41.Myunclelives_105HuangheStreet.Hisroomis_thefifthfloor.A.at;onB.td;atC.on;inD.of;to42.Idontthinkyoucanworkoutthemathsproblem_theteachershelp.A.sinceB.unlessC.becauseD.without43.Heisrunning_thewindtowardstheeastofthestation_Tomisrunning_theright.A.down;and;onB.against;while;onC.for;with;inD.with;while;to44.InHangzhouMrGreenwassostruck_thebeautyofnaturethathestayed_anothernight.A.at;onB.with;atC.for;inD.by;for45.Manypeoplearestill_thehabitofwritingsillythings_publicplaces.A.at;atB.in;inC.into;ofD.during;at46.-Doyougothere_bus?-No,wegothere_atrain.A.in;onB.on;onC.by;inD.by;with47.Imadethecoat_myownhands.Itwasmade_hand,notwithamachine.A.in;inB.in;withC.wi