词汇听力场景中的常用词汇.doc

高考英语听力必备场景词汇精选一、餐馆场景1.go out for dinner / dine out 出去吃饭 2.go Dutch AA制 (Lets go fifty fifty.) 3.buffet 自助餐, 小卖部4.dining hall餐厅 5.coffee shop/caf 咖啡店/厅 6.cafeteria自助餐厅7.restaurant 餐馆8.canteen食堂,小卖部9.snack bar 小吃街;大排挡10.appetizer 开胃品 11.steak 牛排 12.cheese奶酪 13.sandwich 三明治 14.bacon 腌肉 15.soup 汤 16.plain water 自来水(西餐中洗手用的) 17.hamburger 汉堡包 18.doughnut 油炸圈饼19.dessert甜品,水果(作为正餐的最后一道) 20.coke 可口可乐 21.French fries 炸薯条 22.order 点菜 23.serve 上菜 24.change 零钱 25.tip 小费 26.treat 请客(This is my treat! 我请客！) 27.Keep the change! 不用找零钱了！waiter/waitress 男/女侍者 menu 菜单 knife小刀 fork 叉子 spoon调羹chopsticks 筷子 plate 碟子 tray托盘 French fries 炸薯条 pizza 比萨饼 dressing 调味酱 rare 半熟的 drink 饮料 wine 葡萄酒 Coca-Cola 可口可乐 pay the bill 付账二、邮局场景1.stamp 邮票2.envelope信封3.package / parcel 包裹 parcel form 包裹单4.overweight 超重 5. postage邮资extra postage额外邮资 6.send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信 7.express mail 快件 8.airmail 航空信件 9.surface mail 平邮, 陆地邮寄 registered letter 挂号信ordinary letter平信10. open an account 开一个帐户 11.insurance 保险12.claim 领取 13.weight 重量 14.zip/post code 邮编 15.international airmail 国际航空邮件 open an account 开一个帐户 三、校园与图书馆场景1.library card借书证2.borrow借进3.lend借出4.keep保管5.renew续借overdue 借书逾期6.bookshelf书架7.novel小说/新颖的8.science fiction科幻小说 9.magazine杂志newspaper 10.periodical期刊11.reference book 参考书 12.librarian 图书管理员 13.pay a fine 交罚款 14.tuition 学费 15.scholarship 奖学金 16.term/semester 学期17.register 注册 18.be absent 缺课 19.seminar 讨论班,研讨会20. assignment 作业 21.presentation 课堂发言 22.final exam 期末考试 23.go over 复习 24.fail 不及格25. cut a class 逃课 26.graduate 27.毕业 stationery 文具用品28. skip class翘课,旷课29. pay a fine 交罚款 30.Can I help you? / What can I do for you? 四、医院及健康场景1.hospital 医院emergence department/room 急诊室 clinic 诊所2.ICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房 3.treatment 治疗手段 4.take ones temperature / blood pressure 测量体温/血压 5.medicine: pills / tablets 药丸/药片6.aspirin 阿司匹林 7.heart attack 心脏病 8.cold / flu 流感 9.have/catch a cold感冒 10.pain疼痛11.headache头痛12.stomachache腹痛13.backache背痛 14.have a sore throat喉咙痛 15.cough咳嗽 16.fever发烧17. doctor医生 regular doctor 私人医生 dentist牙医surgeon 外科医生 physician内科医生 nurse 护士 18.show one s tongue 伸出舌头19. write a prescription 开处方20.give an injection 打针21. Health Center 医疗中心 22.check-up 检查 23.physical examination 体检 24.treatment 治疗手段 treat 治疗 cure 治愈25. dizzy 晕眩的26.Whats up?怎么啦? (多用于男生之间) 27.How is it going? How are you?你好吗？近来好吗？28.答好:Im fine./I feel good/terrific./I couldnt be better./Nothing is very wrong with me. 29.答不好: I am not feeling good./I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days.(注意听语气:身体好的时候,语调上扬,语气非常欢快； 身体不好的时候,降调,语气非常郁闷。)五、电话场景1.operator 接线员 call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb 或give sb. a call/ ring 给某人打电话 long-distance call 长途电话 collect call对方付费电话 personal phone call 私人电话 busy line电话占线 put through 接通电话 leave a message 留口信 dial the wrong number 拨错号码 2.Hello! This is speaking. 你好！我是。Whos (it/that) speaking/calling? / Who is that?请问是哪位？Extension six two two six, please.请转6226。 The line is bad/ busy / engaged.或It kept a busy line.电话占线。Hold on( up)/Hold the line, please.请稍候。Ill call back later / again. 或Ill ring him / her up again.我过会儿再打。I couldnt get through.我打不通。 Sorry, Im afraid you have/dial the wrong number.六、酒店场景1.make a reservation 预定房间 2.reception/ front desk 接待处, 前台front clerk/reception clerk总台接待员3.check in登记入住 4.check out 结账退房 fill out/in a form 填表5.single room 单人间 double room 双人间standard room标准房 twin room双床房 superior room高级房 executive room商务房 6.suite 套间 room service 客户服务 wake-up call 叫醒电话 accommodation 住宿 registration 登记 receptionist 前台接待员 housekeeping staff 客房清洁人员 tip 小费 service charge 服务费 lobby 大堂 cook/ chef厨师 head chef厨师长 cook炊事员 assistant manager大堂副理 lobby manager大堂经理 tourist guide导游 restaurant manager饭店经理 rooms division manager房务部经理 book/reserve预定 fully booked客满extra charge额外费用 shuttle bus班车 full price全价discounted price 折扣价 special price 优惠价 7.Do you have a reservation, Sir? 8.Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房间吗？9.All the room are occupied. 房间已满。10.Can I have a suite please? 11.How much do you charge for that? 12.Smoking or no smoking? 13.Meals included. 包括饮食。 14.Can I show you your room? / Can I carry your luggage?七、交通场景1. speeding超速行驶 booking office/ ticket office 售票处 waiting room候车室 platform月台 coach/carriage 车厢 sidewalk/pavement 人行道 one-way street 单行道 rush hour 交通高峰时间 heavy traffic 拥挤的交通 traffic jam 交通阻塞 traffic lights 交通灯 traffic rules 交通规则 driving license 驾照 crowded 拥挤的 by air/plane/airplane /aeroplane 乘飞机 by bus 坐公交 by coach 乘长途汽车 by boat坐船 by land由陆路by sea 由海路 transfer 换乘/转机 express train 特快列车 dining car 餐车 garage 修车场/车库 driver 司机 conductor 售票员car/traffic accident 交通事故 run the red lights 闯红灯 flat tire/tyre 爆胎scratches 刮蹭 fix/repair 修理 survive 活下来2. flight 航班 Welcome on board! 欢迎登机！ bound for飞往方向去的check in 办理登机手续 airway 航线 flight 航班 FLT No. (Flight Number)航班号 non-stop/direct flight 直航 confirm the flight 确认航班 departure time 起飞时间 cancel 取消 one-way ticket 单程票 round-trip ticket 往返票 departure lounge 候机室 book/reserve 预订 first/business/economy cabin 头等/商务/经济舱 a window seat 靠窗的座位 an aisle seat 靠走廊的座位 safety/safe belt安全带 fasten 系紧 airsick 晕机的jet lag 飞行时差反应 captain 机长 pilot 飞行员 airhostess/ stewardess 空姐 customs 海关 security check 安检 departure to 前往 destination 目的地 boarding pass/card 登机牌 passport 护照board 登机 departure gate 登机口luggage/baggage 行李 suitcase 行李箱 land 着陆 safe landing 安全着陆 see sb. off 为某人送行 pick up 接机 behind schedule 晚点 take off 起飞 land降落3.May I see your license, please?可以看看你的驾照吗？You will be fined $20.你将被罚款20美元。八、购物场景1.store/shop 商店,杂货店 2.department store 百货商场 drugstore 药店,杂货店 grocery store杂货店,食杂店,食品杂货店grocer食品杂货店, 食品杂货商green grocer蔬菜店convenience store便利店3.shopping center 购物中心supermarket超市 mall 商场 shop assistant 店员 counter 柜台 receipt 收据 invoice发票catalogue 产品目录 deliver 送货 refund 退款 brand 品牌 bargain便宜货size尺寸大小color颜色 style式样price价格 4. expensive/dear昂贵的 cheap便宜的 popular/fashionable 流行的,时尚的 in fashion 流行的,时尚的high (价格)高的 low (价格)低的second-hand/used 二手的,旧的 out of fashion 过时的 fair:公平的, 集市, 交易会 cashier 收银员,出纳员window-shopping逛商店 price tag价格标签 purchase购买 customer顾客 annual fee年费 budget预算retail零售 wholesale批发 bargain vi.讨价还价5.pay in cash 用现金支付 pay in check 用支票支付 credit card 信用卡 out of stock 脱销/缺货 in stock 有货 pay by installment 分期付款 selling season销售旺季 on sale 廉价出售 50% off 打五折 a 30% discount 打七折a real bargain真正的便宜货 What color/size/kind do you want? 九、天气场景1.cloudy 阴天的 2.overcast 多云的 fine 晴朗的 sunny/bright/ clear 阳光充足的 rainy 有雨的wet潮湿的humid湿润的damp 潮湿的 freezing-cold 冰冷的 cool 凉爽的 mild/ agreeable 温和的 warm 暖和的hot 炎热的windy 有风的 calm 无风的 moderate 风力不大的3.thunder 打雷lightening 闪电 4.strong/ high wind 大风 breezelight wind 微风 5.tornado 龙卷风 6.typhoon 台风 7.snow 雪 8. blizzard暴风雪 snowstorm 暴风雪 9.drizzle 毛毛雨light rain 小雨 downpour倾盆大雨storm暴风雨 shower 阵雨 10. fog 雾 mist薄雾 smog烟雾 foggy 有雾的 misty有薄雾的 lift vi.(云、雾等的)消散; (雨等)暂停 climate气候 weather forecast天气预报 warm up 转暖By afternoon the smog had lifted. 到下午雾气散尽。The rain lifted by morning. 到清晨大雨暂停。11.It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾盆大雨。 12.clear up 天空放晴 13.put away clothes 下雨收衣服 14.weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天气 15.weather in California 意指好天气 经常和天气相联系的情况: vacation(度假) 和 flight(航班) (be delayed/cancelled by the bad weather)十、观光旅游1.vacation/holiday 假日 historic spot 古迹 scenery 风景 museum 博物馆 mountain 山脉 river 河流 lake 湖泊 waterfall 瀑布 beach 沙滩 island 岛屿 lawn草地 temple寺庙 zoo 动物园 a guided tour有导游的旅行 travel agency 旅行社 go sightseeing 观光 hotel宾馆 souvenir纪念品 ticket票 travel/trip/tour/voyage旅行 plane/airplane/aeroplane飞机 ship轮船 taxi出租车 subway/underground地铁 railway铁路 highway公路 freeway/expressway高速公路 2.景点评论:fascinating迷人的 thrilling刺激的 unforgettable难忘的 terrific好极了 fantastic难忘的十一、职业 part-time job兼职工作 full-time job全职工作 psychologist心理学家 principal校长 professor 教授 teacher教师 policeman警察 firefighter消防员 secretary秘书 assistant助理 receptionist接待员 typist打字员 clerk职员 cashier出纳员 lawyer律师 editor编辑 reporter/journalist记者 author作家 writer作者artist艺术家 pianist钢琴家 photographer摄影师 painter画家 musician音乐家 singer歌唱家 designer设计师 scientist科学家 actor/actress男/女演员 architect建筑师 engineer工程师 chef/cook厨师 mailman邮差 guide导游十二、运动 competition竞赛 the sports field 运动场 club俱乐部 sportsman/athlete/player运动员 coach教练 champion冠军 gold medal金牌 silver medal银牌 bronze medal铜牌 basketball篮球 football美式足球 soccer英式足球 volleyball排球 baseball棒球 tennis网球 table tennis/ping-pong乒乓球 golf高尔夫球 jogging慢跑 swimming游泳 wrestling摔跤 shooting射击 boxing拳击 weightlifting举重 relay race接力赛 break the world record 打破世界纪录 hold the world record保持世界纪录十三、工作 job opportunity 求职机会 interview面试 resum简历 educational background教育背景 application letter求职信 recommendation推荐信 certificate 证书 qualification资历 experience经验/经历 position/post职位 salary薪水 allowance津贴 promotion晋升 vacation休假 break(喝杯茶或咖啡的)休息 retire退休 shift work换班工作 work overtime 加班 pay raise 加薪 ask for leave请假 sick leave病假 employee雇员 employer雇主 clerk职员 secretary 秘书 manager经理 HR manager人事经理 general manager总经理 client客户十四、兴趣爱好 hobby兴趣 entertainment娱乐 go to the theater/movies/cinema去看电影 documentary(film)记录片/文献片 detective film侦探片 action movie动作片 cartoon漫画/动画片 comedy喜剧 horror film恐怖片 western film西部片 hiking徒步旅行 camping野营 diving潜水 surfing冲浪 skiing滑雪 seashore海岸 beach海滩 sunburned晒黑的 palace 宫殿 castle城堡spare time (业余时间), favorite (最喜欢的),interest (兴趣), hobby (爱好), appetite (嗜好), taste(口味), read novels (读小说), play football/basketball (打足球/篮球), surf the Internet (上网), chat online (在线聊天), play games (玩游戏), collect stamps (集邮), make e-friends (交网友), climb mountains (爬山), watch TV(看电视), be keen on(喜欢), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐), be interested in (对感兴趣), develop an interest in(在方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢), have love for(喜爱), have a taste in (对有兴趣) 等。十五、租房 landlady女房东 landlord房东 rent租,租金 deposit押金 contract合同 furnished有家具电器的 heat暖气 gas煤气 electricity电 lift/elevator电梯 stairs楼梯 balcony阳台十六、日常生活 living room起居室 guest room客厅 dining room餐厅 kitchen厨房 bathroom浴室 toilet卫生间 basement地下室 housework家务 channel频道 cook烹饪 furniture家具 dining table餐桌 fridge冰箱 television电视 oven烤箱 cabinet橱柜 dishwasher洗碗机 sheet床单 blanket毯子 carpet地毯 curtain窗帘 towel毛巾 shampoo洗发水 soap香皂 haircut理发 barber理发师 shaver剃须刀 shave剃须听力技巧小对话,通常都是一男一女的对话。在做短对话题目的时候,仍然要抓住关键词和场景这两个重要因素。通过捕捉题目中出现的关键词,判断相关场景。 应试策略 80%的答案都是和第二个说话人相关. 熟悉听力常考的十大场景：学习场景、天气场景、医院场景、购物场景、电话场景、娱乐场景、餐馆场景、观光旅游、日常生活、图书馆场景。英语是一种模式化的语言,在固定的场景中其词汇和表达也相对比较固定,平时注意积累场景高频词汇和习惯表达,在高考听力短对话部分可以做到未听先知的状态。短对话应试策略 命题规律：高考听力考试中,尤其是短对话中,经常会涉及到一些表示转折、条件、建议或请求等含义的特殊句式,对这些特殊句式的正确理解往往就是答对该题的关键。一、转折句式 常见转折: 1.but 转折 如: Id like to, but we have visitors from Finland. Neither do I. But I think we should get it over with.2. however, though, yet等其他转折 如：The speech is good, though it could be better. 解题技巧 1.转折之后为听音重点 如果听到but, however等表示转折的词语,应该重点留意后面的内容,答案往往就在其中。 2.抓住说话人的语气 说话人往往是“先肯定某件事,然后通过转折表达出真实的意图或实际的情况”,听音时应根据说话人的语气进行判断 二、条件句式 两种条件句 1.真实条件句 真实条件句常用于表达事情发生的条件,它表示的是事实或是在说话人看来可能实现的事情。 如： If it rains,we wont go to the park. Please tell him the truth if he comes. 2. 非真实条件句 非真实条件句,即虚拟条件句,它所表示的是与事实 相反或在说话人看来不太肯能实现的事情。 如：If I were you, I would not do that. We would have bought that desk if we had enough money that day. 解题技巧： 1. 熟悉引出条件的常见词或短语 听音时要留意条件句的引导词,从而抓住后面条件句条件句的关键内容。听力中常见的引出条件的词或短语包括: if, unless, provided/providing (that), given (that) suppose/supposing( that), as long as, in case (that), in the event that, if only, with/without, one, lest, otherwise, but for等 2. 区分真实条件句和虚拟条件句 对于真实条件句,只需理解其字面意思即可；而对于虚拟条件句,则需理解其中隐含的真实情况判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句主要是根据谓语动词的形式。 3. 反着选答案 对于虚拟条件句,有一个重要的思路：反着选答案,因为虚拟语气表达的是与事实相反的情况,题目的答案往往就是虚拟条件句中所隐含的事实情况。 三、请求或建议句式： 常用句式： 1. had better do 如：Youd better go someplace where there are fewer distractions. Next time youd better choose a comedy. 2. How about/What about doing ? 如：How about using our dining-room for the meeting? What about seeing a film tonight？ 3. Why not do ?/Why dont ? 如：Why dont you try the one near the railway station? Why not read it in the library and save the money? 4. should/shouldnt do 如：You should try the place where I go. Youve been working like a horse. You should take a vacation. 5. might as well do 如：You might as well simply skip the class and apologize to the professor later. You might as well go to the east wing first to take a look at the Chinese booth. 6. Cant/Dont/Shouldnt/? 如：Cant you drop one course and pick it up next semester? 7. Lets/Let me do (祈使句表达建议) 如：Let me make some coffee to warm us up. Lets go shopping. 8. Maybe (也许) 如：Maybe you can try calling them. Maybe instead of studying in your dorm, youd better go 9. Can/Will/Could/Would you (please) do ? 如：Will you hold the ladder for me? Could you tell me how to get to the Friendship Hotel? 10. Would you mind doing ? 如：Would you mind saving the stamps for me? Would you mind closing the door? 解题技巧： 1.熟悉表达请求或建议的句式 只有熟悉掌握表达请求或建