2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型6短文填空专项训练三首字母填空含解析.docx

时间：1012分钟/篇分值：1分/小题Passage 1(2018武汉)Henry was a kind, good boy. His father was dead, and his mother was very poor. He had a little sister about 2 years old. He wanted to help his mother because she could not 1.a_ earn(挣) enough money to buy food for his little family.One day a man gave him a dollar for 2.r_ the pocketbook which he had lost. Henry could have kept the pocketbook because no one saw him when he found it. But his mother had taught him to be 3.h_， and never to keep what did not belong to him. So he gave the pocketbook back to the man.With the dollar he bought a box, three 4.b_ and some shoe polish(鞋油). He then went to the 5.c_ of the street, and said to everyone whose boots did not look 6.n_. “Polish your boots, please？” He was so 7.p_ that gentlemen soon began to notice him, and to let him polish their boots. The first day he 8.c_ over 50 cents, which he gave to his mother to buy food with. When he gave her the money, she cried with joy and said, “You are a 9.d_， good boy, Henry. I didnt know how I could earn enough to buy bread, but now I think we can 10.m_ to get along quite well.”Henry worked after school every day. He earned almost enough to support his mother and his little sister.Passage 2(2018呼和浩特)Many years ago, in a small village, an old man was hired(雇佣) to clear the spring(泉水) up on the mountain. He took care of the spring every day, and 1.s_ away all the leaves and other things 2.t_ would make the water dirty. Soon, beautiful swans(天鹅) came to the clear spring, and the village became a popular attraction for visitors.Years passed. One evening the town leaders held a meeting. As they looked at the salary list, one of them said, “Why do we keep this old man 3.o_ year after year? I dont think we need him or his work.”Later, the old man was 4.t_ to leave.For several weeks, something changed. When early 5.a_ came, the leaves began to fall off the trees, and the spring was covered with leaves. A few days later, the water was much darker. Only a few months 6.a_ the man left, all the swans left. And the 7.t_ didnt come, either.Then they 8.r_ their mistake and rehired the old man. A few weeks later, the spring began to clear up. Soon new life 9.r_ to the village.So, my friends, do you see? No matter how small your work seems to be, 10.n_ look down upon it. Anything that we can do will make a difference.Passage 3(2018东营)FAITHFUL(忠诚的) TO DEATHSome time ago, a fire broke out (爆发) in a building late at night. Nearly all the families were 1.s_ inside the house. After the firemen came, they rushed into the burning building and saved the people to the safe 2.p_The crowds thought 3.a_the people were safe. But it was not so. Two little orphan(孤儿) girls were still asleep alone at the very top of the building, in a small room. 4.N_ thought of them. Luckily, they lived with a dog. The dog tried to wake them up, but 5.f_. He ran to the window and barked(吠叫) loudly for help. 6.B_ no one noticed him. Then he climbed down the ladder(梯子) and tried to pull a fireman to the ladder. The fireman kicked him away, thinking he was mad. Then the dog ran to 7.a_ fireman, jumped on him, ran to the ladder, barking all the time and looking back as if he was asking the fireman to follow him.This fireman realized there must be someone in the little room, as the dog was acting so strangely. So he followed the dog 8.u_ the ladder, there he saw the two girls and saved them.Where was the 9.d_？ A brave fireman rushed into the room to look for him and found him lying near the window, choked(窒息) with smoke. He brought him down with care, but he was already 10.d_. He had given his life for his friends. What a faithful friend!Passage 4(2018泰州)We all need exercise. Exercise uses up food that we eat and keeps the body full of 1.e_. Exercise makes your heart and muscles(肌肉) strong. Exercise also makes you feel relaxed. If you exercise several times a week, you will stay happy and 2.h_. There are many 3.w_to exercise. You can walk, run, play sports or swim.4H_， most people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to their offices. They have no 5.c_ but to drive to work. First, these people dont have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day. Second, driving is challenging, 6.e_ in rush hours, and needs too much attention. It makes a person 7.t_ out. When these people arrive home after work, they dont want to take exercise.Some western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise. Many people dont have enough exercise. They have to work from morning till 8.n_， so they dont have time to take exercise.Today, many people in the West are fat, which causes health problems. Doctors say exercise can help people both lose 9.w_ and improve their health. So many people are trying to get more exercise. But it takes time to change, and when people dont see a 10.d_ right away, they will lose heart and stop exercising.Passage 5(2018攀枝花)Reading newspapers has become an important part of everyday life. Some 1.p_ read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning; others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is 2.h_ in the world.Sometimes, we do not have enough time to read all the news 3.c_， so we just take a quick look at the front page. At other times, we may be so busy 4.t_ we only have a few minutes to look at the names of the passages.Newspapers can be 5.f_ everywhere in the world. We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities, but in some mountain villages we can see 6.f_ newspapers.Some newspapers are published(出版) once a week, 7.b_ most of the papers are published once a day with many pages, some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoy reading different newspapers. Some like world news, and others prefer short stories. They just choose what they are 8.i_ in.Today newspapers in English have the largest number of 9.r_ in the world. The English language is popular, and 10.m_ Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily and 21st Century. They bring us more and more messages together with the Internet.Passage 6(2018盐城)“MakeAWish” is one of the worlds most wellknown charities. It makes wishes come true for children who have 1.s_ illnesses. It gives them hope and helps them forget about their 2.h_ problems.It 3.s_ in 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona. Christopher was a 7yearold boy who was very sick. He always dreamed of becoming a 4.p_ to fly in the sky. They gave Christopher a tour of the city in a police helicopter(直升飞机)and 5.b_ a space helmet for him.There are four kinds of wishes children usually have：I wish to go. Children usually want to visit some 6.p_of interest, like the Statue of Liberty.I wish to meet. Children sometimes want to meet their 7.f_ film stars or sports players.I wish to be. Some children wish to become doctors to help people who dont have money for 8.m_ treatment.I wish to have. Some children want to have a computer, a bike or many other things. 9.L_ for them, they can get what they want from the charity.Lets hope more wishes will come true in the 10.f_. People who work in the charity always try for the best. Will you be one of them?Passage 7(2018扬州)When Italian traveller Marco Polo came to Yangzhou in the 13th century, he recorded his amazing observations in his bestselling book The Travels of Marco Polo. For over 700 years, it 1.n_ went out of print. Hollywood Filmmaker Chris Nebe follows in the footsteps of Marco Polo to explore Chinas mystery. He has 2.c_ twelve documentaries of Mysterious China series, including Yangzhou: A City of Timeless Culture. This 30minute documentary takes a close look at the beauty and 3.c_ of Yangzhou.To live, humans and all warmblooded animals must have salt. In ancient time, salt was used as money and had the values as 4.g_. Close to the seasaltrich Yellow Sea, Yangzhou has been one of the 5.r_ cities in China because of its lively trade in salt, silk and grain. The surviving mansions and gardens of wealthy salt businessmen are witnesses of Yangzhous great history. 6.L_ a beautiful necklace, Yangzhou Slender West Lake lovingly embraces (拥抱) the city. It has been a memorizing attraction for visitors from afar, showing the lasting 7.s_ of Yangzhoupeace and harmony (和谐)The government has tried 8.i_ best to protect the Old Town of the 2500yearold city. The area has become a great tourist attraction. At night, the streets turn into a mysterious land. Here delicious snacks and treasured souvenirs 9.w_ to be discovered.The ancient art of Chinese handicrafts is celebrated in Yangzhou. Favourites among them are papercutting. Yangzhous 10.e_ to continue the art form include China Papercutting Museum and tourists can enjoy masters show on papercutting there.Want to learn more? Why not watch the documentary in your spare time?Passage 8(2018天津)If you pay a visit to Liu Hashengs restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They are ready to serve you and make sure that your dining 1.e_ is perfect. After the visit, you can tell others that robots serving customers isnt a dream any more.Its wonderful to see 2.h_ the 18 robots work in the restaurant. The wonder 3.s_ when you walk in. Youll see a robot come up and say, “Earth person, hello! Welcome to the Robot Restaurant.” When you have ordered your 4.m_， the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking. After the food is 5.p_， a robot waiter will glide(滑行) out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal youve ordered. And as customers enjoy their 6.d_ food, a robot sings lovely songs for them.You may ask, “Where did all these robots come from？” Liu said they were designed(设计) and 7.m_ by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company. Liu said he invested(投资) 5 million yuan in the restaurant, with each robot costing 200，000 yuan to 300，000 yuan. And the 8.w_ robot team is managed by the workers in the computer room.After a busy day, all the robots will go for a meal， which is 9.e_. After 5 hours, the robots can continue their work for a day. The restaurant now provides a menu with more than 30 dishes(菜肴), and the average(平均) cost for a dinner is 10.a_ 40 to 50 yuan. Do you want to go and have a try in this restaurant? Passage 9(2018德州)What Would You Do?What Would You Do? is a TV programme on American ABC. The programme is started by the news reporter John Quinones. He said, “It is popular with many peopleboth the 1.y_ and the old. It tests what people will do 2.w_ they see someone in trouble. We use hidden cameras to record what will 3.h_. Its purpose is to tell us to help people in need.”Here is last weeks programme.In a cake shop, one actor acted as a blind woman named Pamela and the 4.o_acted as the shop worker of the cake shop. The shop worker looked down upon(瞧不起) the blind. So when the blind woman came into the shop and 5.b_a box of cakes, the shop worker cheated(欺骗)her when he gave her the change(零钱). He 6.o_gave her 6 dollars instead of 34 dollars.Would someone be brave enough to 7.h_the blind woman? Yes! A woman customer stopped the shop worker 8.f_ cheating the blind. Seeing this, several other customers joined in too and asked the shop worker to return the rest(剩余的) 9.m_ to the blind woman.At this time, John Quinones appeared and explained that he was recording a programme 10.c_ What would you do？. Then he interviewed the first customer who said that it was necessary to give a hand to the people in need.A psychologist(心理学家)said，“Its difficult to take the first step to stand up. It needs courage.”Passage 10(2018襄阳)I packed, and was ready to leave for my twoday trip. I had been busy with my work. I had made 1.p_ for the trip for the last few days, and I expected to get 2.r_ for several days.As I got into the car to leave, my mind flew to my kids.How to keep in touch with your kids when youre busy or far away is a dilemma(两难的问题) many fathers have. Men like to focus special attention on one thing for a long 3.p_， but this can lead to trouble. Moving from work to family isnt always an easy thing. And if you dont 4.s_ your kids that youre thinking about them, they may think that you dont care.As I started down the road, I suddenly stopped to 5.t_ back to my house and wrote a short message on a 6.c_ of cards to each of my children. I put each in a “secret” place where I knew theyd find it.When I called the next night, they both said 7.e_， “Daddy, I got your card. When did you do that？”I was moved when I heard these words. What I had never thought was that a small thing had a big influence on my kids. It proved(证明) that they were in my heart. And distance(距离) couldnt 8.s_ them from their father. To my satisfaction, they feel “love” of their father. This 9.v_ experience encouraged me to continue to do the small things to be a responsible father.As fathers get much busier and have to work longer hours, they usually pay 10.l_ attention to the small things. Dont miss the good chances to let your kids see how important they are.Take a moment to do a small thing for your kids. It wont 11.s_ small to them.Passage 11(2018镇江)When you have dinner, you follow table manners. When you have a 1.l_， you obey the rules in the classroom. But have you ever thought about needing to 2.m_ your manners in the digital(数码的) world when you use phones, emails and social media, like QQ, WeChat, etc?As new research by Oxford University noted, “Its just important to treat people with respect online as it is in real life.” The study came up with some rules of good manners to live by in the digital age. Their first 3.a_ is not “oversharing” on social media, which means not posting every detail about your life online, because some of us are not creative 4.e_ to always show off our thoughts and lives on social media. The manners also 5.i_ not looking through others phones and not gossiping (说闲话) about others over messages, 6.e_ when you choose “reply all” to send a message to a group of people.Although gossip is not 7.h_ chat that can make conversations exciting, it can also be a way to spread something untrue about other people. Gossip can be even stronger on social media than in real life, so its 8.b_ not to gossip.Moreover, when you have bad news for someone, do not leave text messages on social media, chat with him or her by 9.c_ or sending personal messages.Nowadays technology has 10.o_ us different ways to contact others. It is important to remember how to behave toward others online.Passage 12(2018上海)The Young Persons Railcard is very popular in Britain now. It gives young people the chance to buy 1.c_ train tickets across the country. Just imagine, it could take you to festivals, to see friends, or to London for a weekend break, at a lower price.Who can apply?Anyone between 16 and 25 years of age. You will need to provide something to 2.p_ that you are under 26.For this, only your ID card, driving licence, passport or medical card will be acceptable.Or, if you are an adult student 3.o_ 25 years old but receiving formal education, you can also apply. You will need to get your teacher to sign the application form(申请表). Formal education refers to studies of more than 15 hours per week for at least 20 weeks a year in college.Then take your completed application form with a recent 4.p_ of yourself, 28 and other materials needed to any main railway station or student travel office to apply for the card.How to use your railcard?You can use it any timeweekends, holidays or during the week. Please ask at your local station or contact a railway travel agent for more 5.i_If a railcard does not have the users name signed, it will be considered invalid(无效的). No one else may use either your railcard or any tickets bought with it. You will be required to pay the 6.f_ price of the ticket if you are unable to show your own railcard with the ticket for a check during a journey.Tickets at reduced prices are not available for firstclass travels or for travels 7.a_， such as to France or Germany. Passengers will be asked to buy regularpriced tickets if they want to use these services.专项训练三 首字母填空Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了亨利在父亲去世后，通过为人们刷靴子挣钱来帮助母亲维持家庭的开销。1. always【解析】句意：他想帮助他妈妈因为她不能挣足够的钱为她的小家庭买食物。根据前两句可知他妈妈总是不能挣到钱来养活他们的小家庭。结合首字母a可知应填always。2. returning 【解析】句意：一天，一个男人给了他一美元因为亨利他丢失的钱包。根据后半句“a pocketbook which he had lost”推知是因为归还了这个人的钱包，这个人才给了他一美元，结合所给首字母r可推知return符合语境，再由空前的介词for可知应填returning。3. honest 【解析】句意：但是他妈妈教他要。根据后句“ .and never to keep what did not belong to him.”可知此处句意指的是做人要诚实，根据空前的be可推知应填形容词honest。4. brushes【解析】句意：用这一美元他买了一个盒子，三个和一些鞋油。根据后句中“.said to everyone whose boots did not look 6.n.”可知他开始给别人擦鞋来挣钱。擦鞋应有刷子，结合所给首字母b以及空格前three可判断此处应填brushes。5. corner【解析】 句意：然后他走到一条街的，并对那些靴子看起来不。结合所给首字母c可判断街道的角落符合语境。故应填corner。6. nice 【解析】句意：并对那些靴子看起来不的人说，“请问，擦鞋吗？”根据常识可知只有别人的鞋脏了才会擦。根据空格前look可知此处应填入形容词。结合所给首字母n可知应填nice。7. polite【解析】句意：他很以至于绅士们很快开始注意到他，并让他来擦他们的靴子。根据前句“Polish yo