中考英语复习词形变换类题型的几个考点含配套练习.doc

词形变换类题型的几个考点一、可数名词单数变复数类：1规则变化:（1）一般情况加-s, 如: girls, books, pens, bags, boys, days等。（2）以s, x, ch, sh结尾加-es, 如: buses, boxes, watches, brushes等。（3）以o结尾的名词，无生命的名词多加-s，有生命的名词多加-es。（4）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词, 变y为i加-es, 如: city cities, storystories（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v加-es。如:leafleaves, knifeknives, shelfshelves等。（roofroofs）2不规则变化的名词要熟记： manmen, womanwomen, childchildren, footfeet, toothteeth, mousemice, peoplepeople, sheepsheep, ChineseChinese deerdeer JapaneseJapanese二、名词变形容词类：1在动词或名词后加后缀-ful, 如：carecareful; useuseful; thankthankful; helphelpful; beautybeautiful; wonderwonderfulforgetforgetful2在名词后加-y, 如：lucklucky, cloudcloudy; windwindy; rainrainy; sunsunny, snowsnowynoise-noisyhealthhealthy3在名词后加-y, 如：friendfriendlylovelovelydaydaily4方位名词加-ern，如：easteastern westwesternsouthsouthernnorthnorthernnortheastnortheastern6在名词后加-less, 变成否定含义的形容词。如：useuselesshopehopelesscarecareless三、形容词加后缀变成名词1形容词加-ness变成名词，如：happyhappinessillillness weakweaknesskindkindnessgoodgoodnesscarelesscarelessness2形容词加-ty变成名词，如：safesafetydifficultdifficulty3形容词加-th变成名词，如：truetruthwarmwarmth youngyouth 4形容词加-ence / ance变成名词，如：importantimportancedependentdependence differentdifference四、形容词变副词类： 形容词修饰名词、代词等作定语或表语；副词修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语。1一般形容词词尾加-ly变成副词，如： slowslowlyclearclearlyquickquicklyquietquietlycarefulcarefullysuddensuddenlyrealreally2以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，要变y为i加-ly，如：easyeasilyhappyhappilyheavyheavilyluckyluckilybusybusilyangryangrily; 3以元音字母加辅音字母e结尾的重读开音节，直接加-ly，如：politepolitelysafesafelywidewidely4以元音字母e结尾，去e加-ly，如：truetruly5以辅音字母加-le结尾，去e加-y，如：terribleterriblypossiblepossibly6形容词与副词同形，如：fastfastearlyearlyhighhighhardhard7形容词与副词异形，如：goodwell8注意：hard作形容词时意思是“困难的；硬的；生硬的”等；作副词时意思是“努力地”。hardly是否定副词，意思是“几乎不”。五、动词变名词类：1动词加-er变成名词，如： workworkerfarmfarmerteachteachersingsingerspeakspeakerplayplayerreadreaderdrivedriverwritewriter rideriderdancedancer runrunner; winwinnercookcookerwashwashertraveltraveler 2动词加-or 变成名词，如：visitvisitorinventinventoroperateoperatorconductconductor3动词加-tion 变成名词，如： operateoperationinventinventionliberateliberation六、基数词变序数词类： 主要掌握好1-12和20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90及21、22、23这几个序数词的形式： onefirst twentytwentieth twosecond thirtythirtieth threethird forthfortieth fourfourth fiftyfiftieth sixsixth sixtysixtieth sevenseventh eightyeightietheighteighth ninetyninetiethnineninth twenty-onetwenty-firsttententh twenty-twotwenty-secondeleveneleventh twenty-threetwenty-thirdtwelvetwelfth七、形容词与副词的原级、比较级和最高级类1形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成（1）单音节词与部分双音节词规则变变化： 一般词尾加er, est； 如：fast faster fastest 以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i加-er, -est；如：easy easier easiest 以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这个辅音字母再加-er, -est；如： hot hotter hottest 以e结尾加-r，-st；如：finefiner, nicenicer（2） 部分双音节词或以形容词加-ly变成的副词和多音节词，在其前加more, most 变成比较级和最高级。如：interestingmore interesting，most interestingbeautifulmore beautiful，most beautiful slowlymore slowly，most slowlyquicklymore quickly，most quickly（3）不规则变化：goodbetterbest wellbetterbestmanymoremost muchmoremost littlelessleast farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest. illworseworst bad/badlyworseworst oldolder/olderoldest/eldest2原级： as形容词或副词的原形as “和一样”，not as / so形容词或副词的原形as “和不一样”。 八、人称代词变化类：要熟练掌握和运用主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词及名词性物主代词。见下面表格： 数 格人称单 数复 数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I meweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称he she it himherIt they they 数类别人称单 数复 数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称mymineourours第二人称youryoursyouryours第三人称hishistheirtheirsherhersitsits九、常见的反义词：1动词buy selltake bringremember forgetdie livelove hate rise fallask answer start finish miss catchpull push go come lend borrow2形容词little much short tall / longright left / wrongfree busy full empty few manygood bad white blackcareful carelessdead living cheap expensiveclean dirtyeasy difficult wet dry same differentopen closed strong weaklight heavy习题精选1. The mother didnt know why her daughter was crying . (noise)2. He was one of the best in yesterdays football match. (play)3. Guangzhou is in the part of China. (south)4. September 10th is Day. (teacher)5. Beijingers are true to the world. (friend)6. Look! How Kate is laughing! (happy)7. Its only ten walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)8. Please take care of , boys and girls. (you)9. I dont think this is my pen, though it looks like . (I)10. Mrs Read learned Chinese as her language. (two)11. Do you think July is than any other month in our country? (hot)12. Of all the students in our class, Lucy talks but does most. (little)13. Here are ten of the names. (run)14. It snowed last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)15. You shouldnt ride your bike so fast at the . (turn)16. Help to these cakes, children. (you)17. Please keep your eyes . (close)18. John is the student in our class. (old)19. Mike will have his birthday party at home tomorrow. (twelve)20. How many are there in your class? (girl)21. This sweater is Lucys and that one over there is . (my)22. Now people use computers very . (wide)23. What would you like, some or vegetables? (meat)24. the help of our teacher, we couldnt pass the exam. (with)25. We can not decide who should open the present . (one)26. We always go to the library a week. (one)27. The house next to the street are very . (noise)28. More and more have come to visit China these years. (foreign) 29. In a few time, those mountains will be covered with trees. (year)30. Everyone knows that if Dick works , he will do much better. (hard)31. Those flowers are beautiful. (real)32. Uncle Wang is one of the most popular in this factory. (work)33. She worked so that nobody knew she was there. (quiet)34. Meimei is one of the best _ in her class. (student)35. We can find many _in the picture. （sheep）36. He sat down and warmed his _ at the fire. （foot）37. _ fall in autumn. （leaf）38. Our building is eighty _ high. （foot）39. Do you usually come to school on _?（foot）40. March 8 is _ Day. （woman）41. The sick woman is getting . (ill)42. Are you in sports? (interest)43. Teachers should speak to their students in a way. (friend)44. You can do the work by yourself, can you? (hard)45. Today is a day. (cloud)46. We are very to the teacher for his help. (thank)47. The house caught a fire. The wounded man was carried to . (safe)48. The boy was not born i