英语短语的应用.doc

英语短语的应用as soon as asas asas possible ask sb. for sth. ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth. ask/tell sb. not to do sth. be afraid of doing sth./ that 8. be busy doing sth. 9. be famous/ late/ ready/ sorry for 10. be glad that 11. buy/ give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/ tellsth to sb. 12.buy/ give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/ tell sb. sth. 13. either or 14.enjoy/ hate/ like/ finish/ stop/ mind/ keep/ go on doing sth. 15. find it+adj.to do sth. 16.get +比较级 17. get ready for/ get sth. ready 18. had better (not) do sth. 19. help sb. (to) do / help sb. with 20. I dont think that 21. I would like to/ Would you like to. 22. is one of the +最高级+名词复数 23. It is +adj. for sb. to do sth. 24. It is a good idea to do sth. 25. It is the second +最高级+名词 26. It looks like/ It sounds like 27. It seems to sb. that 28. It sounds +adj./ It looks+adj. 29. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 30. Its bad/ good for 31. Its time for/ to do sth. 32. Its two meters(years)long (high, old) 33. keep sb. doing sth. 34. like to do / like doing sth 35. keep/ make sth. +adj. 36. make / let sb. (not) do sth. 37. neithernor 38. notat all 39. notuntil 40. Onethe other/ Some .others 41. prefer to 42. see/hear sb. do(doing) sth. 43. so that 44. spend on/ (in) doing sth. 45. stop to do/ stop doing sth. 46. such a (an)+adj. +n. that 47. take/bring sth. with sb. 48. thank sb. for sth. 49. The morethe more 50. There is something wrong with 51. tooto 52. used to 53. What about/ How about 54. Whats the matter with 55. Whats wrong with 56. Why not 57. Will( Would, Could) you please 句型1. It happened（chanced） that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. = sb. did sth. by chance.句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done句型3. It is / was被强调的部分that(who)+剩余的部分句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语should do / did+其它。（注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气） 句型5、It is / was said ( reported)that+从句.句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strangethat clause.(从句中的谓语用shoulddo / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气。)如： It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。 句型7、It is + a pity/ a shamethat clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略。)如： He didnt come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。 句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如： It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。 句型9、It is/was表示地点的名词where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如： It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。) 句型10、It is / was +表示时间的名词when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如： It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. 句型11、It is well-known that从句。如： It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。 句型12、It is +段时间since+主语did. 请比较： It was +段时间since+主语had done. 如： It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。 It was five years since he left here.（同上） 句型13、It +谓语段时间before+主语谓语.（ before引导的是时间状语从句。） 如： It wasnt long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。 句型14、It is +形容词for+ sb.+ to do. 如： It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。 句型15、It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词of + sb. + to do. = 主语+ be +形容词to do.(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如： It is kind of you to help me.You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。 二、定语从句： 句型16、由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如： As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。） 句型17、由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如： He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。（注意：关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。） 句型18、由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如： This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to. This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on. 说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看语法中的定语从句。 三、让步状语从句 句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose从句，主句。注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态。如： No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一定要做好。 No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。 说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。 注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。 四、条件状语从句 句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如： As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。 Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。 句型21、主句on condition that+从句。如： I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。 句型22、主句unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定。)如： I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。 句型23、祈使句，and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如： Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。 Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。 句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等，主句。如： If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。 五、原因状语从句 句型25、主句in case+从句。（in case表示以免）如： I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。 句型26、主句due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如： He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。 六、时间状语从句 句型27、When / While / As +从句，主句。（关于它们之间的区别请看语法。）如： When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。 句型28、主句after / before +从句. 如： They hadnt been married four months before they were devoiced.他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了。 We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。 句型29、主语肯定谓语until从句（或时间）.请比较： 主语否定谓语until+从句。如： I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。 I didnt worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。 句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，主句. 如： My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。 句型31、No sooner +had + 主语donethan +主语did. 请比较： 主语had + no sooner +donethan +主语did. 如： No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。 I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. 句型32、Hardly +had +主语donewhen / before + 主语did.请比较：主语had +hardly + donewhen / before +主语did. Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。 She had hardly had supper when she went out. 句型33、By the time+从句，主句.（注意时态的变化。）如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。 By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时，我将写完这本书。 句型34、each / every time +从句，主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如： Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨，总是随便来看看我。 七、地点状语从句 句型35、Where +从句，主句. 如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。 句型36、Anywhere / wherever+从句，主句. 如： Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。 I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。 八、目的状语从句 句型37、主句in order that / so that +从句.如： I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。 句型38、主句for + sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如： He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。 九、结果状语从句 句型39、主句so that+从句. 如： It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很冷，因此河水结冰了。 句型40、So+形容词/ 副词特定动词主语that+从句. So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。 句型41、主语谓语such+名词that+从句.如： He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他。 句型42、Such was + 主语that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如： Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了。 十、比较状语从句 句型43、The +形容词比较级，（主句）the +形容词比较级如： The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。 句型44、主语谓语as +形容词原级as +被比较的对象. 如： He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。 句型45、主语谓语the形容词比较级of / between He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。 句型46、主语谓语倍数as形容词原级as被比较的对象.如： This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。） 句型47、主语谓语百分数/倍数形容词比较级than被比较的对象.如： This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。 The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍。 句型48、主语谓语the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如： Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼比你们的高两倍。 十一、其它句型 句型49、It doesnt matter wh-+从句。如： It doesnt matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。 It doesnt matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。 句型50、形容词/ 副词 / 名词（可数单数）+as / though +主语谓语，主句.如： Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小，但他知道得很多。 Hard he works, I am sure that he cant pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格。 Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。 句型51、Were / Should / Had +主语谓语，主句.如 Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话，昨天我就去那儿了。 句型52、Only +状语特定动词主语谓语 Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。 Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。 Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时，我才认识到我错了。 句型53、Not only +特定动词主语谓语but also+主语谓语 Not only did he learn English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利。 句型54、whether.or, neithernor, eitheror 句型55、主语doubtwhether + 从句. 请比较： 主语特定否定词doubtthat从句. 如： I dont doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。 十二句型1：too adjadvto do The boy is too young to go to school这孩子太小不能上学。 句型2：adjad venough to do The girl is old enough to go to school这女孩到了上学的年龄。 句型3：in order to do He stood up in order to see better他站了起来，好看清楚些。 句型4：have to do Youll have to go home now现在你得回家了。 句型5：Theres no time to do this Theres no time for me to play now现在我没时间玩。 书面表达常用句型及短语 1. 学校生活及学习成绩 be obsorbed in 对入迷 bury oneself in 对入迷 give an excellent performance before the whole class 在全班面前好好表现一番 acquire （obtain）knowledge学习知识 put ones heart into 一心扑在上 be interested in 对感兴趣 be fond of 喜欢/爱好 like chemistry best 最喜欢化学 be good at 擅长 be poor at 不擅长 do well in （在考试、竞赛中）取得好成绩；干得不错 be weak in 不擅长 make progress in 在方面取得进步 fail in 考试不及格 be tired of 对感到厌烦/厌倦 pass the examination 通过考试 major in history 主修历史 be getting on well with ones study （某人）学业进展得很好 take several courses at school 在学校上几门课 have English （Chinese ， Physics）every （other）day 每天（隔一天）上英语（中文、物理）课 work hard at （Physics ， Chemistry） 努力学习（物理、化学） He has the best record in school. 他的学习成绩最棒。 live up to ones hope 不辜负某人的期望 learn about 学习到/知道（某学科知识）/听到，听说/获悉/了解到 succeed in 在（某方面）成功；在（做某事）上获得成功 be active in class （work） 在课堂上（工作中）表现积极 take an active part in 积极参加 learn sth . by heart 谙记某事，牢记在心 work out a （maths）problem 解决一个（数学）问题 improve oneself in 在某方面提高自己 get 90 marks for （English） （英语）考试取得90分 get an “A”in the exam在考试中得到“A” have a good command of 精通 lay a good foundation in （language study） 在（语言学习）方面奠定一个好的基础 2. 师生关系 give sb. a passing grade 给予某人及格的分数 examine the students homework 检查学生的作业 stand on the platform 站在讲台上 get on well with sb. 与某人相处得很好 raise a question 提问 like to be with students 喜欢与学生相处 be gentle with us 对我们很友善 be kind to sb. 对某人和蔼 be a strict teacher 是一个严厉的老师 be strict with ones pupils 对学生要求严格 be strict in work 对工作要求严格 think of （sb. / sth.）as 把（某人或某事）当作 help sb. with sth. 用帮助某人 praise sb. for sth . 由于某事赞扬某人 blame sb. for sth . 为（某事）责备某人 give sb. advice on sth. 在方面给某人建议 question sb. on 就质问某人 be satisfied with 对满意 correct the students homework carefully and prepare for the next day 仔细批改学生的作业并为明天备课 give sb. a lot of work 给某人很多的工作 try to teach sb. to develop good study habits 努力教某人养成良好的学习习惯 make ones lessons lively and interesting 使课堂生动并且吸引人 teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 teach sb to do sth . 教某人做某事 devote all ones time to work 将自己所有的时间都投入工作之中 admire （sb. for）his devotion to the cause of education 佩服某人对于教育事业的献身精神 3. 课外活动及周末生活 have a swim 游泳 have dances on weekends 参加周末舞会 have a picnic over the weekend 周末去野餐 go to the cinema 去看电影 have a party 聚会，开晚会 hold a sports meeting 举行运动会 spend ones time in many different ways 以多种不同的方式消磨时间 enjoy doing things by oneself 喜欢独自做某事 go swimming 去游泳 go for an outing 去远足 have an outing at （the seashore）去（海边）度假 see the sights of Beijing 在北京观光 play the piano （violin）弹钢琴（拉小提琴） play chess （basketball）下棋（打篮球） do some reading 阅读 help sb. do sth . 帮助某人做某事 enjoy a family trip 享受一次家庭旅游 get everything ready for 为做好一切准备 rid ones bike with sb. to the park 与某人骑车去公园 There are a lot of activities at the beach. 海滨有很多活动。 We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city. 我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。 She would like to bring sth . to the pi