专题四介词和介词短语.doc

专题四介词和介词短语介词词义辨析2012年高考题组1. all the animals Ive ever had,these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.(2012浙江,6) A.FromB.OfC.ForD.With剖析:B考查介词。根据语境“在我所养的动物中”,几个介词只有of可以表示“的之中”、“属于范围”,故选B。2.The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the lake.(2012辽宁,27)A.toB.forC.offD.out剖析:C句意:The Well Hotel坐落在一个安静的地方,远离在湖的尽头的大路。off 离开,远离,符合题意,故选C项。3.Nothing is so easy as parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.(2012福建,33)A.ofB.toC.byD.for剖析:D“for sb.to do sth.”即“某人做某事”。句意:没有什么比父母抬高对子女的期望更容易的了。这句话其实在表达“父母极容易把对儿女的期望抬得过高(以至于儿女们倍感压力)。” 句中使用“so easy as.”结构及nothing这个否定代词,传达的其实是最高级的含义,即as后的那件事最“easy”了。英语的思维与中文不同,此处可见一斑。4.Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders?(2012北京,34)A.atB.onC.toD.across剖析:D考查介词。句意:你认为这件衬衫肩太紧吗?across the shoulders在肩部(从一肩到另一肩)。5.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are it.(2012陕西,11)A.againstB.forC.toD.with剖析:A考查介词辨析。句意:达成一致意见似乎不可能,因为委员会大部分成员都反对。be against“反对”;be for“支持”。6.100 is the temperature which water will boil.(2012全国,16)A.forB.atC.onD.of剖析:B考查介词辨析。句意:100度是水沸腾的温度。at表示“在时刻”。20112010年高考题组7.Im sorry I didnt phone you,but Ive been very busy the past couple of weeks.(2011山东,30) A.beyondB.withC.amongD.over剖析:D考查介词。句意:很抱歉我没有给你打电话,但是近几个星期以来,我一直很忙。over表示“在期间”,其他三个介词无此含义。8.I always wanted to do the job which Id been trained .(2011浙江,5)A.onB.forC.byD.of剖析:Bfor表示“为了目的”。句意:我一直想要做我为之受训过的工作。9.Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek food safety problems.(2011安徽,25)A.inB.toC.onD.after剖析:B考查介词。“answers.to food safety problems”,此外还有“keys to the door”均为固定搭配。10.With new technology,pictures of underwater valleys can be taken color.(2011北京,35)A.byB.forC.withD.in剖析:D考查介词。句意:采用新技术,水下山谷的照片可以照成彩色的。in color是固定短语,意为“彩色地”。11.Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden?They are everyones enjoyment.(2010北京,29)A.inB.atC.forD.to剖析:C考查介词。for在此处表目的或功能。后句意思为“这些花是供大家欣赏的”。12.My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.(2010天津,13)A.byB.onC.forD.against剖析:Dwarn sb.against sth./doing sth.意为“告诫某人不要做某事”,还可用warn sb.not to do来表达;而warn sb.of (doing) sth./to do sth.意为“告诫某人某事/告诫某人去做某事”。根据句意及后面的going可知答案为D。13.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients name,not case number.(2010江西,34)A.ofB.asC.byD.with剖析:C考查介词词义辨析。句意:现在一些医院都是按名字称呼病人(称呼病人的名字)而不是他们的病例号。by“按照,根据”,此题容易误选B。但refer to sb.as.意为“称呼某人为”,与句意不符。 of “的”,表示一种所属关系;as意思是“作为,当作”,表示“以身份,作为”,如:work as a nurse:当护士(即以护士身份工作);by表示方式、方法、手段;而with则表示“用(工具)”;而in则表示“用(语言或材料)”。介词短语辨析2012年高考题组14.You can change your job,you can move house,but friendship is meant to be life.(2012安徽,25)A.ofB.onC.toD.for剖析:D考查介词搭配。句意:你可以换工作,也可以搬家,但友情终生不变。for life“终生,一辈子”,为固定搭配。其他选项不合句意,故选D。15.Brown said he was by no means annoyed;,he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.(2012浙江,14)A.all in allB.for one thingC.on the contraryD.by the way剖析:C考查介词短语。句意:Brown说他没生气;相反地,他很高兴让人对他消除误解。all in all“总之”;for one thing“一方面”;on the contrary“相反地”;by the way“顺便问一句”。故C正确。16.China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals all its citizens.(2012福建,26)A.in charge ofB.for the purpose ofC.in honor ofD.for the benefit of剖析:D句意:中国一直以来致力于为了公民的利益而推动公立医院的改革。“for the benefit of sb.”表示“为了的利益”。A项“负责,掌管”;B项“为了的目的”;C项“为了纪念”或“为了表示对的尊敬”,均不合句意。17.He seems to be giving the impression that he didnt enjoy himself in Paris.,he had a wonderful time.(2012江西,34)A.Above allB.Whats moreC.As a resultD.On the contrary剖析:D考查插入语用法。句意:他好像是给人印象:他在巴黎玩得不快乐正相反,他玩得很开心。above all最重要的是;whats more而且;as a result结果;on the contrary正相反。18.This training program can give you a lift at work, increase your income by 40%.(2012四川,14)A.as well asB.so long asC.so much asD.as soon as剖析:A考查连词辨析。句意:这个培训项目能对你的工作有所提升,也能使你的收入提高40%。as well as除此之外也,还有,符合句意。so long as只要; so much as和一样多;as soon as一就,均不符合句意。19.The furniture,with its modern style and bright colors,suits modern houses and their gardens,but looks in the garden of a traditional home.(2012湖北,25)A.out of questionB.out of orderC.out of sightD.out of place剖析:D考查介词短语辨析。句意:这套拥有现代风格和亮丽色彩的家具适合现代化房子和花园,但在这套传统风格房屋的花园里看上去有点不适合。out of question没问题,完全可以;out of order混乱;out of sight在视野之外,看不到;out of place不在恰当的位置,不适合。只有D项符合句意。20112010年高考题组20.The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.(2011新课标全国,30)A.rather thanB.other thanC.more thanD.better than剖析:B句意:这个表格不能由他人签字,只能由你自己签字。此处other than的含义等同于except,除了。A项rather than而不是,等同于instead of;C项more than多于;D项better than好于,都不符合句意。21.Wed better discuss everything before we work out the plan.(2011江苏,32)A.in detailB.in generalC.on purposeD.on time剖析:A考查介词短语辨析。in detail详细地;in general总体上;on purpose故意地;on time准时。句意:在制定计划前我们最好详细地讨论一切事情。A项符合句意。22. good service,the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.(2011福建,22)A.Far fromB.Apart fromC.Instead ofD.Regardless of剖析:Bapart from在此意为besides/in addition to除之外。句意:除了好的服务,该餐馆还提供各种传统的福建菜。23.When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside younger men.(2011湖北,30)A.in terms ofB.in need ofC.in favor ofD.in praise of剖析:C考查介词短语辨析。句意:当被问到对校长的看法时,很多老师更想让他辞职,让位于年轻人。in favor of同意,支持,和step aside连用,构成step aside in favor of sb.意为“辞去职位让给某人”。in terms of从方面来说;in need of需要;in praise of称赞。24.I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just .(2010浙江,7)A.by natureB.in returnC.in caseD.by chance剖析:C句意:我猜我们以前已经讨论过这个问题,但是只是为了以防万一,我会再向你请教。by nature“天生,本来”;in return“作为交换/回报”;in case“以防万一”;by chance“偶然”。25.It is illega