therebe讲解最终版.docx

There be 句型用法归纳A1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。A2. 结构： (1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语. (2) There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语.there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。（就近原则）eg. There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。（就近原则） There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。 （就近原则）A3.There be句型与have的区别： There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。eg. He has two sons.他有两个儿子。 There are two men in the office.办公室里有两个男人。A4. There +be+主语+修饰/说明成分(一) there be 主语+to do修饰语，用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式，也可以用主动形式。在口语中多用主动形式。但是有时候两种形式可能表示不同的意思。 There is no time to lose to be lost 试比较： There is nothing to see（nothing worth seeing） There is nothing to be seen（nothing there at all） (二) there be 主语+doing 修饰语There were 200children studying（who were studying）music. Is there anything planned（that has been planned）for tonight？(三) there be 主语+定语从句 (定语从句的关系代词做主语，也可以省略) There is something (that) puzzles me. There is a stranger (who) wants to see you.(四) there be 主语+同位语从句There came the news that the President had been murdered.A5. 句型转换一：否定句 There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not即可。not a/an/any + n.(注意在改否定句的时候如肯定句中有some要改为any，一般疑问句变化也一样)例如：There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. There are no clouds in the sky天上没有云。There was no water in the pond池塘里一点水也没有。二：一般疑问句 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何改头换面的吧： There is some water in the bottle. Is there any water in the bottle? There are some cakes on the table. Are there any cakes on the table?三：特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Whos+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用Whats + 介词短语?。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many books over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：提问地点用”Where is / are+主语”。例如： There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children in the classroom. Where are the four children? 对数量提问： How many + 复数名词 + are there + 介词短语 ？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？如： There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse?四： 时态there be句型可以有各种不同时态。如： there was a meeting yesterday昨天有一个会。 （一般过去时） there will be a good wheat crop this year今年小麦将有一个好收成。 （一般将来时） there has been much talk about the matter关于这件事已经谈论得很多了。（现在完成时）五：其他谓语动词1 There be句型中的谓语动词be可与各种情态动词连用，表示一定有、可能有、应该有等含义。 He felt that there must be something wrong There might be drinks if you wait a bit There cant have been much traffic so late at night这么晚了，街上的车辆不会太多。 There oughtnt to be too great discrepancy in our views我们的看法不应该有太大的分歧。 2 英语中有些动词或短语具有一定的情态含义，我们称之为半助动词。There be句型中的谓语动词be可与这些半助动词连用，表达更为复杂的意念。能用于There be句型中的这类词语主要有：happen to（碰巧），appear seem to（似乎），be going to（将会），used to（曾经），have to（必须），be likely to（很可能），bebound to（必定）等。 There happened to be an old friend of mine in the club在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。 There appear to be several reasons for changing our plans看来改变我们的计划有几个理由。 There used to be a cinema here before the war Is there going to be a dancing party tonight？ There are bound to be obstacles for us to get over一定会有障碍需要我们去克服。 3 There be结构也可以以不定式（there to be）、动名词（there being）和现在分词（there being）的形式出现在句子中，作主语、宾语或状语。这种非限定形式中的there在形式上起着逻辑主语的作用，因此，不定式there to be前有时需加介词for，从形式上满足引出不定式逻辑主语的需要，而分词there being则具有独立主格结构的意味。例如： I dont want there to be any more trouble我不希望再有麻烦了。（不定式作宾语） I expect there to be no argument about this我希望对此没有什么争论。（不定式作宾语） It was unusual for there to be so few people in the street大街上人这么少，这不大正常。（不定式作主语） Whats the chance of there being an election this year？今年举行大选的可能性有多大？（动名词作介词宾语） There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage离屋子这么近有一个汽车站，这太便利了。 There being nothing else to do，we went home没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。（分词作状语） 另：用在从句中的there be结构，在从句中可以做主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和同位语等。e. g It is reported that there are a number of wounded on both sides.（主语从句）e.g. They said there were quite a number of very valuable jewels stolen.（宾语从句）e.g. Such wind as there was came up the river.（定语从句） Where there is a will, there is a way.（状语从句）e.g. The problem is that theres too much difficulty in fulfilling the task.（表语从句）e.g. The fact that there occurred another accident surprised us all.（同位语从句）4由there be构成的固定句型 由there be构成的一些固定句型在英语中很活跃，需很好地掌握。常见的有： There is no point in v-ing：没道理，没用，没必要 There is no use（in）v-ing：毫无用处 There is no sense in v-ing：毫无道理 There is no need to v：没有必要 There is no v-ing：不可能，无法。 There is no doubt/question that-:-毫无疑问。There is no question of doing sth. :是毫无疑问的。.是不可能的。There is no use/good in doing sth没有好处 There is no harm in doing sth没有害处Eg： There is no question that it is true.There is no doubt that they can get the machine working very soon. There is no use in hiding that fact from him 对他隐瞒那个事实没什么用。 There is no point in arguing further再争下去也没用。 Is there any point in going on？有必要再继续下去吗？ There was no need for him to remain in Shanghai他没有必要再留在上海。 There was no sense in making a child suffer like that让一个孩子受那样的苦是毫无道理的。 There was no mistaking his intentions this time这回不可能看错他的意图。 Once let this fellow start talking，there was no stopping him一旦让这个家伙谈起来，就无法让他停下来了。There is no sense in doing 做某事是没有用的，没有意义的 There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。 There in no sense in going alone. 一个人去是没有好处的。 There is no use /good doing 做某事是没有用的，没有必要的 There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的。 There is no good/use going there. 去那儿是没有好处的。 There is no need to do 没有必要做某事 There is no need to worry. 没有必要担心。 There is no need to give him so much money. 根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。 There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有 There is thought to be an army between in these two countries。 人们认为在这两国之间有一场战争。 There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer. 据报道，找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法。 There is no doing（口语）不可能. There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。 There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。There is no joking about it.这事开不得玩笑。 There is no telling what will happen.无法预料会发生什么。There is no holding back the wheel of history.历史车轮不可阻挡。 5there与其它动词连用 除动词be外，其它一些动词也可以与there连用。这些动词有两类：一类是表示存在概念的状态动词，如：exist，remain，live，lie，stand等；一类是表示某事发生或某人到达等概念的不及物动词，如：come，enter，arise，occur，follow，appear等。 例如： There lies a river behind the house屋后有一条河。 Then there came a knock at the door然后听到敲门声。 At a later stage there arose new problem swhich seemed insoluble在后期出现了似乎无法解决的新问题。 There followed an uncomfortable silence接着是一阵令人难受的沉默。 There appears to be no substitute for this stuff yet There came a company of actors and actresses There followed a spirited discussion after class6. There be 句型的反意疑问句(仍然用there)e.g. There will be a special exhibition tomorrow, wont there?There used to be a lake here, usednt there/didnt there.Exercise： 1There _ a bed and a big wardrobe with a mirror Aare Bwere Cwas Dbe 2No one would have dreamed of such a good placeAthere is Bthere to be Cthere being Dthere was 3I should prefer _ no discussion of my private affairs Athere to be? Bthere being C there is? Dthere are 4It was too late _ any buses Afor there to be B there to be Cthere being? Dfor there being 5There _ a war between his heart and his head Abeing Bappeared to be Cto be D were 6 _in his im agination visions of a world empire ARising BRose CRise DThere rose 7If the police hadnt reacted quickly，_ a bad accident Athere were Bthere will be Cthere could have been Dthere had to be 8Uncle Jesse，why _ poor people like those？ Aare there have to be Bdo there have to be Chave there to be Dthere have to be 9 _more difficulties than you thought AIt is likely BIt is likely to be CThere is likely DThere are likely to be 10 _just twenty-eight pounds AThere rem ained BIt rem ained CThere were rem ained DThat rem ained 11You wouldnt want _ another war Athere be? Bthere to be Cto be Dthere being 12There _ nobody in the room Awere just Bhappened being Cwere happened Dhappened to be 13There is no point _ about it again Ain talking? Btalking Cto talk? Dtalk 14There is no need _ Weve got plenty of time Ahurrying Bin hurrying Cto hurry Dhurry 15 _no further business，the Chairman closed the meetingAThere was?BThere to be?CThere being DBeing Key：（1C 2C 3A 4A 5B 6D 7C 8B 9D 10A 11B 12D 13A 14C 15C） 1. How many students, do you think, will be present at the speech?I expect over 200 students then. Athere being Bthere to be Cthere beDthere been2. Ann never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon A. there to be a chance B. there being a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance3. No one had told Smith about _ a lecture the following dayA .there be B. there would be C. there was D. there being 4. There _ be a lot of small houses on both sides of the street.A used toB.get used to C. wouldDdid use to5. If ever again _ happens an accident like this, we will have only ourselves to blame. A. it B. so C. there D. that6. He said it was impossible for _ a mistake in a computers calculation, so you can rly on that.A. there being B. there would be C. there to be D. there was7. Ann never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon.A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance8.Once he starts talking about Chinese or foreign affairs, ancient or modern, _.A. there is no stopping of him B. he is not to stop C. there is no stopping him D. it is no stopping him9. The chairman insisted that there be a meeting _ within the shortest possible time.A. to hold B. to be held C. to have been held D. to be holding10. Where _ dirt, there are flies. A. there has B. is C. there is D. has there11. Around the world _ may be as many as a million earthquakes in a single year.A. yet B. they C. there D. has there12. _ no air, there would be no life on the earth.A. There was B. There were C. Was there D. Were there13. _, she went back to her room. A. There was no cause for alarm B. Without having cause for alarm C. Being no cause for alarm D. There being no cause for alarm14. _ to the railway station, we missed the train. A. There is no bus B. No bus goes C. There not being any bus D. Not any bus15. He said, “_ a long way to school. _ a long way to go yet before we arrive.”A. It is There is B. There is It is C. It is It is D. There is There is16. There has been a great increase in retail sales, _?A. does there B. isnt thereC. hasnt there D.isnt it17. We left the meeting, there obviously _ no point in staying.A. were B. being C. to be D. having18. There is no point _ with him, since he has already made up his mind.A. argue B. to argue C. in arguing D. of arguing19. There was a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _ a sudden loud noise.A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been20. It isnt cold enough for there _ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jims car out quite safely. A. would be B. being C. was D. to be1. B 2. B 3. D 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10. C 11.C 12.D13. D 14.C 15.A 16. C 17.B 18. C 19.B 20.B I. 将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。1.There is some water in the bottle. 2.There are many apples in the box.II. 对句子划线部分提问。3.There are seven days in a week. 4.There are lots of books in our library.5.There is a knife over there. 6.There is a little milk in the glass. 单项填空。( )8.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table . A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )10.How many _ are there in the room ? A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( )11.Do you know if _ a meeting next Sunday ? A. there was going to have B. there was going to be C. is there going to be D. there will be ( )12. Is this the last exam we have to take ? No, but there _ another test three months later from now. A. will be going to B. is C. will be D. has been( )13.There _ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years. A. is B. are C. will be D. have been( )14.There _ a film tomorrow evening Awill have Bhave Cis going to be Dhas( )15.There _ a football match on TV this evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have( )16.There _ a school at the foot of the hill.Ahave Bstand Care Dstands( )17.Theres going to _ in tomorrows newspapers. A. have something new B. have new something C. be something new D. be new something( )19.How many boys _ there in Class one? A. be B. is C. are D. am( )20.There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper. A. is B. are C. was D. were( )21.There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some( )22.There _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them. A.are B.isC.hasD. have( )23. _ any flowers on both sides of the street? AIs there BAre there CHas DHave( )24. There _ great changes in our country since 1982.A. have been B. were C. has been D. are( )25. There is little water in the glass, _ ?A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there( )26. -There is no air or water on the mo