立式钻削中心主轴的机械结构设计说明书.doc -- 12 元

1摘要在传统的立式钻床、铣床与新型数控机床技术的基础上，开发了以钻削为主，并兼有攻丝、铣削等功能，且备有刀库并能够自动更换刀具来对工件进行多工序加工的数控机床钻削中心。本文主要针对钻削中心的主轴系统进行设计。在本设计中，主轴调速取消了齿轮变速机构，而是由交流电动机来调速主轴与电机轴之间采用多楔带传动主轴内部刀具的自动夹紧，则采用了碟形弹簧与气压传动技术主轴的垂直进给采用了半闭环伺服进给系统主轴的支承采用了适应高刚度要求的轴承配置。总之，通过对主轴系统的设计，使系统满足了钻削中心高效、高加工精度的要求。关键词数控技术钻削中心主轴系统2AbstractInthetraditionalverticaldrillingmachine,CNCmillingmachineandnewtechnologyonthebasisofdevelopingadrillingmainly,andbothtapping,milling,andotherfunctions,WithcuttingtoolcanautomaticallyreplacethemultiprocessworkpiecemachiningCNCmachinetools–DrillingCenter.Thispaperisconcernedwiththedrillingspindlesystemdesign.Inthisdesign,thespindlespeedofthecompleteeliminationofthevariablespeedgear,andafullybytheACmotoristobeachieved.WedgeBeltDriveisusedbetweenspindleandmotorshaft.Internalspindleautomatictoolclamping,theuseofadiscspringwithpressuretransmissiontechnologyTheverticalaxisfeedusingasemiclosedloopservocontrolsystemThesupportingofspindleuseshighstiffnessrequirementsofthebearingarrangement.Inshort,throughthespindlesystemdesign,allowingthesystemtomeetthedrillingcenterefficient,highprecisionprocessingoftherequest.KeywordsNCtechnologyDrillingCenterSpindlesystem3目录摘要...........................................错误未定义书签。Abstract...................................................................................错误未定义书签。第1章绪论.........................................................................错误未定义书签。1.1数控机床的概念....................................................错误未定义书签。1.2数控机床的组成....................................................错误未定义书签。1.3数控技术发展状况及发展趋势............................错误未定义书签。1.4设计的目的与意义................................................错误未定义书签。第2章总体设计方案的确定...........................................错误未定义书签。2.1设计方案................................................................错误未定义书签。2.2方案的可行性分析................................................错误未定义书签。2.2.1钻销中心的设计特点.................................错误未定义书签。2.2.2本设计的创新之处.....................................错误未定义书签。第3章钻削中心主轴部件结构设计.................................错误未定义书签。3.1主轴的结构设计....................................................错误未定义书签。3.1.1主轴的基本尺寸参数的确定.....................错误未定义书签。3.1.2主轴端部结构.............................................错误未定义书签。3.1.3主轴刀具自动夹紧机构.............................错误未定义书签。3.1.4主轴的验算.................................................错误未定义书签。3.1.5主轴材料和热处理的选择.........................错误未定义书签。3.2主轴传动部件的设计............................................错误未定义书签。3.2.1传动方式的选择.........................................错误未定义书签。3.2.2多楔带带轮的设计计算.............................错误未定义书签。3.2.3多楔带的选择及带轮尺寸参数的确定.....错误未定义书签。3.2.4传动带在主轴上的位置.............................错误未定义书签。3.3主轴轴承................................................................错误未定义书签。3.3.1主轴轴承的选用.........................................错误未定义书签。3.3.2主轴轴承的配置.........................................错误未定义书签。3.3.3滚动轴承调整和预紧方法.........................错误未定义书签。3.3.4主轴轴承的润滑.........................................错误未定义书签。3.4碟形弹簧的设计............................................错误未定义书签。43.4.1钻削力分析.................................................错误未定义书签。3.4.2碟形弹簧设计计算.....................................错误未定义书签。3.4.3碟形弹簧的校核.........................................错误未定义书签。3.5气缸的设计............................................................错误未定义书签。3.5.1气缸的结构设计.........................................错误未定义书签。3.5.2气动回路选择.............................................错误未定义书签。第4章主轴进给系统的设计.............................................错误未定义书签。4.1概述........................................................................错误未定义书签。4.1.1伺服进给系统的组成.................................错误未定义书签。4.1.2伺服进给系统的类型.................................错误未定义书签。4.2进给系统设计计算................................................错误未定义书签。4.2.1主要参数的设定.........................................错误未定义书签。4.2.2切削力的估算.............................................错误未定义书签。4.2.3滚珠丝杠副设计计算.................................错误未定义书签。4.2.4丝杠的校核.................................................错误未定义书签。4.2.5选伺服系统和检测装置.............................错误未定义书签。4.2.6伺服电机选择.............................................错误未定义书签。结论.....................................................................................错误未定义书签。致谢.....................................................................................错误未定义书签。参考文献.................................................................................错误未定义书签。5CONTENTSAbstract....................................................................................错误未定义书签。CONTENTS...........................................................................................................ⅢChapter1Introduction........................................................................................11.1TheconceptofNCmachinetool..................................................................11.2ThecompositionofCNCmachinetools.......................................................11.3CNCtechnologydevelopmentstatusanddevelopmenttrend......................11.4Thepurposeofdesignandmeaning.............................................................4Chapter2Theoveralldesignscheme.................................................................52.1Designscheme..............................................................................................52.2.1Thedesigncharacteristicsofdrillingcenter............................................62.2.2Theinnovationofthedesign..................................................................7Chapter3Spindlendcomponentsdesign..........................................................83.1Spindlestructuredesign................................................................................83.1.1Thedecisionofthebasicparametersofthespindle...............................83.1.2Spindlestructure.....................................................................................93.1.3Spindletoolautomaticallyclampinginstitutions.................................103.1.4Checkingofthespindle........................................................................123.1.5Spindlematerialandheattreatmentoptions........................................163.2Spindledrivecomponentsdesign...............................................................173.2.1Thechoiceofthewaysofdriving........................................................173.2.2Thedesignofthehalfaxisbeltpulleys................................................183.2.3Thechoiceofthehalfaxisbeltpulleysparameters.............................203.2.4Thepositionofthedrivebeltinthespindle.........................................223.3Selectionofspindlebearings......................................................................233.3.1selectionofspindlebearings................................................................233.3.2Configurationofspindlebearings........................................................253.3.3Ajustmentofrollingbearings...............................................................263.3.4Lubricationofspindlebearings............................................................273.4Designofthediscsping..............................................................................293.4.1Analysisofthedrillingforce................................................................29