2019年高考英语一轮复习1.4Earthquakes练含解析.docx

1.4 Earthquakes.词义辨析1The Second World War brought great _ to the people of Europe and the world. Asteam Bsuffering Cpower Dflame2The mountain climbers _ in the storm were finally rescued by helicopter. Aruined Btransported Ctrapped Dsheltered3I _ hope that youll make an excellent engineer in the future. Aextremely Bfluently Cofficially Dsincerely4More than twenty miners were reported to be _ alive when the tunnel fell in.Aburied Bdamaged Cexpressed Dfrightened5Dont you realize the _ these chemicals are doing to our environment?Ashelter Btrack Cdamage Doutline6He defeated the other competitors and won the world_ for the high jump.Atrack Btitle Cjudge Dheadline7He _ his back in Tuesdays game，and will be unable to play tomorrow.Arescued Btrapped Cshocked Dinjured8Her actions _ her love for her children more than any words could do.Acommanded Bscheduled Cburst Dexpressed9The car accident seemed to have completely _ his confidence.Ashocked Brequested Cdetermined Ddestroyed10The natural _ is believed to have caused heavy losses in this area.Aview Bblock Cvoyage Ddisaster【答案】BCDAC BDDDD.名词性从句专练1. With time going by, we have come to realize that creativity is it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.A. what B. how C. why D. that 【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查名词性从句。本题what引导表语从句what it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.并在句中做takes的宾语。句意：随着时间的流逝，我们逐渐意识到创造性是让一个国家有竞争力需要的事情。故A正确。考点：考查名词性从句2. I dont doubt _ he has the ability to deal with the situation, but _ the problem can be solved quickly depends on his attitude. A. whether; if B. that; whether C. if; whether D. whether; that【答案】B 考点：考查宾语从句和主语从句3. Can I sit in the front row?Yes, you can take _ seat you like.A. whatever B. what C. whichever D. which【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查名词性从句。Whichever在从句中作定语修饰seat，意思是哪张椅子都可以坐。句意：我可以坐在前排吗？是的，你想坐哪个都可以。故C正确。考点：考查名词性从句4.An opinion is _ someone believes is true but has not been proved. A. that B. what C. which D. whether【答案】B【解析】试题分析：what someone believes is true做is的表语从句，what指的是an opinion。句意：一个观点是一些人认为是正确的但是还没有经过证实的那个。故选B。考点：考查名词性从句。5.The relation between the actor and his girlfriend has been worsening.I know. It has got to they have to get separated.A. whereB. howC. whichD. what【答案】A 考点：考查考查宾语从句6. Dating violence is _ one person purposely hurts or scares someone they are dating.A. when B. what C. that D. why【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查副词。句意：约会暴力是当约会的时候一个人故意伤害另一个与他约会的人。在这里when做表语，且后面表示的是一个过程，故选A。考点：考查表语从句的连接词7. No one can imagine _ life would be like without referring to modern technology.A. that B. whatC. howD. when【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查宾语从句。句意：没有人能想象到没有现代科技生活将会是什么样子。be like像-一样，所以imagine后面用what引导宾语从句，故选B。考点：考查宾语从句。8. It is of great importance _ parents say and do in family life, which may have a life-long effect on their children.A. what B. that C. how D. why【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查连词。A.什么；B.引导词；C. 表示方式和程度，怎么样；D.为什么；It为形式主语，真正的主语为what引导的从句。句意：在家庭生活中，父母的言行十分重要，这对孩子将产生终生的影响。故选A。考点：考查主语从句的连接词9. The problem lies in_ were now giving him a fish, not teaching him how to fish.A. what B. that C. which D. if【答案】B【解析】试题分析: 句意：问题在于我们现在给他一条鱼，而不是教给他如何去钓鱼。介词in后面跟宾语从句，从句意思完整，填that，选B。考点：考查宾语从句10. Do you like the book you father bought you? Very much. Its exactly_I wanted.A. which B. that C. what D. how【答案】B 考点：考查表语从句的连接词III.短语填空right away；run out of；at an end；in ruins；dig out；a number of；think little of；fall down；as if；be proud of1His car was buried by the snow and had to be _.2They _ my suggestion，which made me a little upset.3Please wait for a moment.Ill find the address for you _.4Quite _ worldfamous paintings are on show in this exhibition.5The children were happy that the long hot summer was at last_.6We _ our son for not giving in to such difficulties.7We couldnt continue our way for we had _ petrol.8The earthquake left the whole town _.What a terrible sight!9You must watch your step so as not to _.10She was shaking with terror _ shed seen something terrible.（1）dug out （2）thought little of（3）right away （4）a number of （5）at an end （6）are proud of （7）run out of （8）in ruins（9）fall down （10）as ifIV.完成句子1But the one million people of the city，_ (对这些征兆满不在乎)， were asleep as usual that night.(think) who thought little of these events 2_(有三分之二的人伤亡) during the earthquake.(injure)Two thirds of the people died or were injured3The sound of planes could be heard outside Tangshan _ (即使空中没有飞机 时)(even) even when no planes were in the skyV.模仿造句1It seemed as if the world was at an end. 翻译好像什么事也没有发生过似的。_ It seems as if nothing has happened. 2Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 翻译我放眼望去，到处都是死亡与毁灭。_ Everywhere I looked there was death and destruction. 3Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all_of_whom agreed that it was the best one this year.翻译她有三个儿子，他们都当了医生。_ She had three sons，all of whom became doctors.4Our office would like to have_you_speak to the park visitors on July 28.翻译我们学校想请你明天给学生作个报告。_Our school wants to have you give a lecture to the students tomorrow.5Next month the city will open a new park to honour those_who died in the terrible disaster.翻译上帝只帮助那些自己帮自己的人。_ God only helps those who help themselves.VI语法填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）【广东省广州市2018届高三12月调研】语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Way back in 1674, a frog helped Antoni van Leeuwenhoek make an incredible discovery. Antoni was an amateur scientist from Holland, so fascinated by microscopes _1_ hed built some of his own. One rainy day, as he went for a walk, a leaping frog _2_ (draw) his attention to a puddle.Antoni collected a drop of puddle water and put it _3_ his microscope. He was amazed_4_ (see) a whole community of creatures swimming in this one drop tiny beings no one had ever seen before.These tiny beings, called microbes, are everywhere: in dirt, in food and on your kitchen table. People _5_ (cover) in them, too. _6_ you were to count all the microbes on and inside your body, you would find your body has more microbes than the world has people over 6 billion!Microbes cant survive on _7_ (they) own. They need food. After _8_ (settle) into a home you, for instance they steal vitamins and other nutrients and leave behind dead cells and poisonous liquids called toxins. Some microbes can make you sick. People usually call these ones germs. _9_ (lucky) for you, there are more _10_ (help) microbes, working together to keep you healthy, than bad ones.【答案】1. that 2. drew 3. under 4. to see 5. are covered 6. If 7. their 8. settling 9. Luckily 10. helpful【解析】本文是人物介绍。安东尼是来自荷兰的业余科学家，他对显微镜如此着迷，以致于他自己也有了很多的发现。一天在散步时一只小青蛙跳进水坑，引起了他的注意，他对那里的水进行了研究，从发现了细菌。为人类做出了巨大的贡献。 3. under 考查介词。句意：安东尼收集一滴水坑的水，把水放在显微镜。根据常识，要把被观察的东西放在显微镜下面（under）.故填under.4. to see 考查固定句式。句意; 他惊讶地看到一整群生物在这一滴水中游动，这种微小的生物以前从未有人见过.。sb be +adj.+ to do sth，为固定句式,因此填to see.5. are covered 考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：这些微小的生物被称为微生物，到处都是：灰尘、食物和厨房桌子。人们身上也被他们所覆盖。人们与微生物是被动关系，根据句子的结构可知本空是句子的谓语动词，故填are covered。6. If 考查连词。句意：如果你要计算你体内外所有的微生物，你会发现你身体上的细菌比世界上的人还更多的微生物超过60亿！分析句子可知本句中缺少连词，分析句意可知是条件状语从句，故选If。7. their 考查固定搭配。句意; 微生物不能独自生存。On ones own，为固定搭配，“独自”。故用their。8. settling 考查非谓语在省略句中的应用。分析句子可知。Settle的逻辑主语，是they，他们在逻辑上主动关系，因此可省略从句的主语，二者之间的关系是主动的，用动词的ing形式作状语，故选settling。 10. helpful 考查形容词作表语。句意：幸运的是，有更多的有益微生物，与你一起工作，使你保持健康，而不是有病的。分析句子可知help，是名词，必须用其形容词性，helpful来作状语，故填helpful.VII【安徽省皖南八校2018届高三第二次联考】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Tens of thousands of people in eastern China participated in a charity initiative last month to help two _21_children fulfill their dreams of _22_a police officer and a doctor for one day.Jin Qianzhe, 8, from Hangzhou, Zhejiang, was born with Prader-Willi syndrome, a genetic disorder that _23_development. His ambition is to become a policeman. Mao Xu, 9, from Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, also has the syndrome and aspires (渴望)to become a_24_professional. The two childrens_25_attracted public attention after their family members_26_them online.To fulfill the two childrens dreams, a charity organization called Childream started two months ago to_27_public security, health and other departments, as well as _28_communities in Hangzhou, to stage an accident that would allow the children to fill their wanted roles.On the morning of Sept 28, 2017, three roads were _29_, a dozen police cars helped clear the way and tens of thousands of people as well as hundreds of private cars took part in the event.Jin helped_30_traffic at the scene with a real officer and Mao helped rescue someone _31_ in the accident. Both were dressed in_32_uniforms.Before taking up their positions, both children were given special training,_33_the proper hand_34_for directing traffic, how to deal with traffic accidents, as well as techniques for putting on a drip.Xu Wenjun, an employee of Childream who _35_the role of someone injured in the accident, said he was tired after_36_down on the wet ground for half an hour with his body daubed with ketchup, but he was glad to make the two children happy.We released the road _37_notice and _38_reason one day ahead, he said on Tuesday. Everyone was very supportive. In addition to the residents and volunteers living nearby, many others arrived in their private cars from other areas to help with the activity.Lu Yingzhi, Jins mother, said she was_39_by the warmth of the city and the day would become the most precious_40_of her family.21. A. happy B. bad C. good D. sick22. A. turning B. becoming C. making D. changing23. A. manages B. improves C. affects D. contributes24. A. police B. hospital C. volunteer D. resident25. A. aspirations B. syndromes C. requirements D. achievements26. A. picked B. arranged C. posted D. located27. A. coordinate B. work C. compete D. accompany28. A. living B. residential C. neighbors D. volunteers29. A. turned on B. sealed up C. sealed off D. broken down30. A. brush B. drive C. clear D. direct31. A. injured B. young C. old D. passengers32. A. police B. medical C. tailor-made D. elegant33. A. containing B. including C. directing D. placing34. A. gestures B. languages C. movements D. activities35. A. made B. put C. played D. tried36. A. sleeping B. lying C. laying D. walking37. A. traffic B. closure C. opening D. travel38. A. their B. no C. its D. our39. A. sad B. happy C. relaxed D. touched40. A. pleasure B. memory C. impression D. warmth【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B 21. D考查形容词。A. happy幸福的；B. bad坏的；C. good好的；D. sick生病的。根据上句的a charity initiative和下文的Jin Qianzhe, born with Prader-Willi syndrome, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, also has the syndrome可知是为两个生病的孩子进行的慈善计划。故选D.22. B考查动词。A. turning旋转；B. becoming成为；C. making制作；D. changing改变。根据下文His ambition is to become a policeman.和aspires (渴望)to become a_4_ professional.可知他们的梦想是成为警官和医生，故选B.23. C考查动词。A. manages管理；B. improves改善；C. affects影响；D. contributes捐献。此处指Prader-Willi syndrome是一种影响发育的遗传病，根据常识故选C.24. B考查名词。A. police警察；B. hospital医院；C. volunteer志愿者；D. resident居民。根据第一段fulfill their dreams of _2_a police officer and a doctor两人的梦想可知Mao Xu想成为医生，故选B. 27. A考查动词。A. coordinate协调；B. work工作；C. compete竞争；D. accompany陪伴。为了实现两个孩子的梦想，一个名为Childream的慈善组织两个月前开始协调公共安全、卫生及其他部门。表示协调，故选A.28. B考查名词。A. living生活；B. residential住宅；C. neighbors邻居；D. volunteers志愿者。和句中public security, health and other departments并列，此处指住宅社区，故选B.29. C考查动词短语。A. turned on打开；B. sealed up封闭；C. sealed off封闭，封锁；D. broken down出故障。此处指为了演示真实场景，三条道路被封锁。故选C.30. D考查动词。A. brush刷；B. drive开车；C. clear清除；D. direct指挥。此处指Jin Qianzhe和另一名警官在现场指挥交通，表示指挥交通，故选D.31. A考查名词。A. injured伤者；B. young年轻人；C. old老人；D. passengers乘客。演练现场Mao Xu帮助救助事故中的伤者，故选A. 33. B考查动词。A. containing包含；B. including包括；C. directing指导；D. placing放置。演练前两个孩子都进行了专门的训练，包括指挥交通的正确手势，怎样处理交通事故和输液的技巧，前面是总说