高中英语Unit3Ahealthylife单元质量评估新人教版.docx

单元质量评估(三)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AMany experts say that 2015s allergy season is the worst one in recent history.The long winter with bitter cold temperatures delayed some trees from pollinating(对授粉)When trees pollinate，they release pollen(花粉)Since not all trees pollinate at the same time，the delays are resulting in a large number of trees releasing pollen at once，which is the biggest cause of spring allergies.About one in five Americans suffer from some kind of allergy，according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America.Seasonal allergies are the most common，while not as severe as food and insect allergies.Experts say those living in the New England regionwhich saw its last winter storm in Marchmight want to pay close attention to pollen levels.But，any region thats been slow to warm up this year may be affected.The following are some tips for fighting allergies：Wash fruits thoroughly.When possible，cook fruit and/or avoid eating fruit peel(皮)Symptoms of pollen-food allergy typically occur when you eat fruitincluding its peelin its raw form.So by peeling or cooking fruit，you can lessen or completely avoid any reaction.Use as few hair products as possible or wash hair every day.Hair pastes cause the hair to become a pollen magnet(有吸引力之物)If possible，bathe at night.Your clothing，skin，and hair may pick up pollen throughout the day.If you cant bathe at night，make sure you at least wash your face at night，giving your eye area some special attention.Stay inside during and directly after thunderstorms and keep house windows shut.While light rains can decrease pollen counts，thunderstorms actually stir up pollen.Bathe your dog regularly and avoid allowing your dog to lay in bed with you.After being outside，your dog can bring pollen into your home.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了季节性过敏加剧的原因和缓解办法。1What has made 2015s allergy season worse?ALonger spring.BStronger wind.CToo many trees. DClimate change.解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“The long winter with bitter cold temperatures delayed some trees.the biggest cause of spring allergies”可推断，气候变化，即较长的冬季，导致一些树木延期授粉，进而导致大量的树木在同一段时间授粉，从而使季节性过敏加剧。答案：D2People who suffer from allergies had better eat _Araw fruits Bfresh fruitsCcooked fruits Dfruits with peel解析：细节理解题。由第一点建议中的“So by peeling or cooking fruit，you can lessen or completely avoid any reaction”可知。答案：C3According to the text，hair products _Acan attract pollenBcan be used every dayCcan cause allergies directlyDcan help users avoid allergies解析：推理判断题。由第二点建议中的“Hair pastes cause the hair to become a pollen magnet”可推断，美发产品会吸引花粉。答案：ABSnow White.Paper.Freak(怪人)These are some of the not-so-nice names that I was called in sixth and seventh grade.Thats because I was born with a medical condition called albinism(白化病)，which Ill have for the rest of my life.Its not just school that can be difficult，though.When Im walking down the street，strangers stare.People come up and pet my hair，like Im a little dog.Other times they talk to me like Im 5 years old.My brain works just fine.Thank you very much!Living with the condition has its challenges.My skin burns really easily，so I have to wear sunscreen every day.I have trouble seeing super-small things and super-faraway things.Reading a menu or the chalkboard at school is hard，so I use a cool handheld telescope that works as a magnifier(放大镜)I also have an eye condition called nystagmus，which makes it hard for me to focus.I use a cane(手杖)whenever Im walking in an unfamiliar area to detect any obstacles(障碍物)In eighth grade，things started to change for the better because I met a girl named Rachel，who is now my best friend.She doesnt judge me.I love the fact that she doesnt care what anyone else thinks of her.It has helped me realize that I dont need to care what anyone thinks of me，either.There are actually benefits to my condition.For one，I might qualify for a scholarship.And I got a free iPad，because it helps enlarge some of the text I need to read at school.And check out my eyes！I have a special eye colour.I love looking unique.I know that I will always have to deal with being bullied and having visual problem，but when you go through stuff thats hard，it makes you a stronger person.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章是一位白化病女孩的自述。4Why do people pet the authors hair?ABecause her hair looks beautiful.BBecause they want to comfort her.CBecause they think she looks strange.DBecause there is something on her hair.解析：推理判断题。由文章开头的“Snow White.Paper.Freak”及第二段中的“like Im a little dog”可推断，人们摸作者的头发是因为他们觉得患白化病的她看起来很奇怪。答案：C5The author uses a cane _Ato fight against bullyingBto support her bodyCto help her to focusDto find her way解析：推理判断题。由第三段末的“I also have an eye condition.to detect any obstacles”可推断，作者因为眼睛不好，需要借助手杖来了解路况。答案：D6What does the author learn from her friend Rachel?ANever judge by appearances alone.BWhere there is a will，there is a way.CNever care much about what people think of you.DA journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.解析：细节理解题。由第四段末的“I love the fact that she doesnt care.what anyone thinks of me，either”可知。答案：C7The illness makes the author learn to _Abe tough Bbe proudCstudy hard Dmake friends解析：细节理解题。由文章末的“it makes you a stronger person”可知，疾病使作者学会坚强。答案：ACImagine being told not to drink，shower，or brush your teeth with tap water.Thats what happened to people of Toledo，Ohio，and parts of Michigan after tap water coming from Lake Erie was found to be unsafe.Hundreds of thousands of people were affected.As a temporary solution，bottled water was trucked into the area and the Ohio National Guard was purifying(净化) water for people.But by Monday morning，the ban had been removed.“Our water is safe，” said Toledo mayor D Michael Collins.“Families can return to normal life.”To reassure people，he took a sip from a glass of the citys tap water.Toledo is Ohios fourth largest city.News about the water ban came after tests at one watertreatment plant showed high levels of the toxin microcystin(微囊藻毒素)Algae(藻类) caused the toxin.Following the warning，Ohio Governor John Kasich declared a state of emergency.Drinking the contaminated water could cause vomiting，cramps，and rashes(呕吐、腹部绞痛和出疹)To try to solve the problem，city officials added carbon and chlorine(氯) to the water.Test results on Sunday showed that the toxins had probably reached a safe level，but Mayor Collins said two tests had come back “too close for comfort”It wasnt until Monday that the mayor announced that six new water samples had come back clean and safe to drink.Tap water accounts for twothirds of the drinking water consumed in homes across the US.Officials test the quality of the water to make sure it is healthy for people to drink.During the emergency in Ohio and Michigan，officials began to talk about how to stop pollutants from polluting Lake Erie.The lake supplies drinking water to 11 million people and the toxins that polluted the regions drinking water didnt just suddenly appear.Toledo mayor D Michael Collins said that，going forward，scientists and political leaders need to come together and figure out how to solve the algae problem in Lake Erie.【语篇解读】由于伊利湖受到污染，周边城市居民饮用水的安全受到了影响。8How many states were affected by water from Lake Erie?ATwo. BThree.CFour. DFive.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Thats what happened to people of Toledo，Ohio，and parts of Michigan after tap water coming from Lake Erie was found to be unsafe.”可知，俄亥俄州托莱多城和密歇根州的部分地区都因为伊利湖水不安全而受到影响。答案：A9D Michael Collins drank the citys tap water just to _Acompare it with purified waterBshow it was dangerous to drinkCact as a temporary solutionDshow it was safe to drink解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Families can return to normal life.To reassure people，he took a sip from a glass of the citys tap water.”可推知，柯林斯市长之所以喝自来水，是为了证明自来水已经可以安全饮用，以此来打消人们的顾虑。答案：D10What does the underlined word “contaminated” in Paragraph 3 mean?APolluted. BClean.CDirty. DImproved.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“News about the water ban came after tests at one watertreatment plant showed high levels of the toxin microcystin.”可知，禁水令在一家水处理厂的测试显示水中含超标的微囊藻毒素之后执行。再根据画线词下文“cause vomiting，cramps，and rashes”可知，饮用后会导致呕吐、腹部绞痛和出疹。由此可猜出画线词的含义。答案：A11What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?AThe tests on adding chlorine to the water.BThe measures the city officials took.CThe bans the city officials made.DMayor Collins opinion on solving the pollution problem.解析：主旨大意题。第四段谈道：为了解决问题，市政官员向水中加碳和氯。接下来又谈到了几次水的检测。由此可知，本段主要谈论了市政官员处理水危机而采取的措施。答案：BDA man once telephoned Vincent Peale, a famous psychologist (心理学家)He was very sad and in low spirits and told the Vincent Peale that he had nothing left to live for.Peale invited the man over to his office.“Everything is gone, and I feel hopeless，” the man told him.“Im living in deepest darkness.In fact, Ive lost heart for my life.” Vincent Peale smiled sympathetically (同情地)“Lets take a look at your situation，” he said calmly.On a piece of paper he drew a straight line down the middle.He suggested that they list on the left side the things the man had lost, and on the right, the things he had left.“You dont need that column (栏) on the right side，” said the man sadly.“I have nothing left.” Peale asked, “When did your wife leave you？” “What do you mean？” the man asked, “She hasnt left me.My wife loves me！” “Thats great！” said Peale.“Then that will be number one in the right column Wife hasnt left.Now, when were your children put into prison？” “Thats a silly question.My children arent in prison！” “Good! Thats number two in the right column Children are not in prison，” said Peale, writing it down.After a few more questions in the same column, the man finally got the point and smiled in spite of himself (不由自主地)“Things will change when you think of them in another way，” he said.Change your thoughts and you will change your world.If you paint in your mind a picture of bright and happy expectations, you will put yourself into a condition helpful to your goal.【语篇解读】改变思维就会改变你的世界。心中充满美好的期待，你就会实现自己的目标。12Why did the man feel he was in deepest darkness?ABecause his wife had quarreled with him and left.BBecause his children were put into prison.CBecause he had lost everything in his life.DBecause he only thought of the dark side of his life.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容首先排除A、B; 根据文章内容可以知道，并非是这个人丢失了所有的东西才使他感到生活没有光彩，故可排除C。答案：D13What would happen to the man at last?AHe went home happily and hopefully.BHe didnt believe what Peale had said.CHe filled the left column with bad things.DHe wrote down what Peale had said.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段以及全文可以推知，这个人在文森特的开导下，不再感到悲伤，最后应该是高兴地、充满希望地回家了。答案：A14Vincent Peale drew a straight line on a piece of paper to _Ashow the man how to change his ideaBmake a list of things the man needed to doChelp the man know the situation he was inDtell the man he was now in trouble解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，文森特在纸的中间画了一条直线，目的是为了帮助这个人分析他当前的情况。答案：C15The author suggests in the passage that we should _Aask for help when we are in troubleBunderstand people who are in darknessCthink of the things in a positive wayDtry to solve the problems by ourselves解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段特别是“Change your thoughts and you change your world.”可知，作者建议我们要以积极的态度来思考问题。答案：C第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Improve Your MemoryDo you find yourself forgetting where you left your keys or blanking out information on important tests._16_ Before your next big exam，be sure to check out some of these tried and tested ways of improving memory.Focus your attention on the materials you are studying.Attention is one of the major components(组成部分)of memory.In order for information to move from short-term memory into long-term memory，you need to actively attend to this information._17_Structure and organize the information you are studying.Researchers have found that information is best organized in related groups._18_ Or you can make an outline of your notes and textbook readings to help group-related concepts(概念)19_ when you are studying unfamiliar materials，take the time to think about how this information relates to things that you already know.By establishing relationships between new ideas and previously existing memories，you can greatly increase the likelihood of recalling(回想起)the recently learned information.Pay extra attention to difficult information.Remembering information at the beginning or end of an article is easy.However，recalling information from its middle can be difficult._20_ Another way is to try restructuring what you have learned so it will be easier to remember.When you come across an especially difficult concept，devote some extra time to memorizing the information.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了提高记忆力的四种方法。AUse this approach in your own studies.BTry grouping similar concepts and terms together.CRelate new information to things you already know.DRepeat the information you are studying to improve memory.ETry to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.FFortunately，there are things that you can do to help improve your memory.GYou can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.16解析：由该空前的“forgetting where you left your keys or blanking out information on important tests”和该空后的“some of these tried and tested ways of improving memory”可知，F项“幸运的是，有些方法可以帮助你提高记忆力”符合此处语境。答案：F17解析：E项中的“concentrate on your learning”与该段的主题句“Focus your attention on the materials you are studying”相照应。答案：E18解析：由该段的主题句以及“help group-related concepts”可知，B项“尝试将相似的概念和术语放在一起”符合此处语境。答案：B19解析：由该段中的“When you are studying unfamiliar materials.relates to things that you already know和establishing relationships between new ideas and previously existing memories”可知，本段主题为：把新的信息与你所知道的联系起来能帮助提高记忆力。答案：C20解析：G项中的“spending extra time memorizing this information”与该段的主题句“Pay extra attention to difficult information”相呼应。答案：G第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One October morning，the sky was clear and the sun was shining.Bethany Hamilton decided to go _21_ with some friends in Hawaii.As one of the best teenage surfers in the world，the 13yearold American girl was planning to become a _22_ surfer.Cheerfully，she was lying on her surfboard，waiting for the next big wave.Suddenly，a big shark _23_ her left arm and shook her backwards and forwards.Bethany held onto her board and the shark eventually swam awaybut it took her _24_ away with it._25_，it attacked only once.It happened so fast that she didnt even _26_As Bethany started to swim back to the beach with one arm，her friends thought she was joking.But to their horror，they saw the _27_ and rushed to help.Having lost almost half the blood，Bethanys _28_ was a miracle(奇迹)，according to doctors.But she wanted to do _29_ just survive.“It never crossed my mind that I might never get on a surfboard again，”she recalled later，“I wondered whether I would actually be _30_ to do it or not.But _31_ I left hospital，I had decided that I was going to surf.”With the support of her family，Bethany _32_ to get back on her board only one month after the attack.Her dad fixed a handle on her surfboard to help her paddle(划水) through and into waves.When she returned to surfing at a competition in Hawaii，Bethany was _33_ in dangerous waves that broke her surfboard.As a result，she gave away her remaining boards and quit.She tried using an artificial arm，but it turned out to be _34_ while surfing.After _35_ in Thailand in the 2004 earthquake and helping homeless survivors who had lost everything，Bethany _36_ her decision to give up the sport she loved and _37_ to try professional surfing again.Less than a year after the accident，she won first place in a surfing competition in Hawaii.And all her struggles and efforts _38_ when she won in a world championship years later.She also received several _39_，including a special award for courage at the MTV Teen Choice Awards in 2004 and the Woman of the Year award from King Fahd of Saudi Arabia in 2006.Her _40_，true story gained wider attention with the release(发行) of the film Soul Surfer.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是冲浪女孩贝瑟尼在一次冲浪中，突然遭到一头凶猛的鲨鱼的攻击，左臂被咬掉。在经历了几次尝试后，她曾经一度放弃梦想，但是在参加了一次志愿活动之后，又决心为梦想而奋斗，最终她的努力得到了回报。21A.swimmingBboatingCsailing Dsurfing解析：根据第二段第一句中的“the best teenage surfers in the world”可知，贝瑟尼应该是去冲浪。故选D。答案：D22A.professional BfreeCdream Dspecial解析：根据倒数第二段第一句中的“to try professional surfing again”可知，她的梦想是当一名专业的冲浪手。故选A。答案：A23A.touched BstruckCbit Dtook解析：根据上下文情景可知，鲨鱼应该是“咬”住贝瑟尼的胳膊。故选C。答案：C24A.arm BsurfboardCfriend Dhand解析：根据第三段第一句可知，她用一条胳膊往回游，是因为另一条胳膊被鲨鱼咬掉了。故选A。答案：A25A.Strangely BEspeciallyCSurprisingly DFortunately解析：根据空格前后的语境可知，鲨鱼只攻击了她一次，所以她应该是幸运的，如果鲨鱼再次攻击，她可能会有生命危险。故选D。答案：D26A.think BfightCscream Descape解析：根据上文内容可知，鲨鱼攻击速度之快，她甚至连呼救的机会都没有。A项意为“思考”；B项意为“战斗，打”；C项意为“呼喊，呼救”；D项意为“逃跑，逃脱”。故选C。答案：D27A.shark BbloodCattack Dscene解析：根据下文“Having lost almost half the blood”可知，她的朋友本以为她在开玩笑，但看到她流血后才匆忙赶去营救。故选B。答案：B28A.survival BcourageCaccident Dinjury解析：根据下文内容及常识可知，在流了身体里一半的血后，贝瑟尼能够“活下来”或“幸存下来”是一个奇迹。故选A。答案：A29A.rather than Bmore thanCbetter than Dother than解析：根据下文内容可知，活下来并不是她唯一的念头，她还想要追求自己的冲浪梦想。B项意为“不仅仅，不只是”，符合语境。A项意为“而不是”；C项意为“好于，超过，多于”；D项意为“除了”，都与语境不符。故选B。答案：B30A.suitable BluckyCstrong Dable解析：根据语境可知，由于自己的身体缺陷，贝瑟尼开始怀疑自己是否有能力再去冲浪。be able to do.意为“能够做”，符合语境。故选D。答案：D31A.while BafterCbefore Dunt