《U单词与词组讲解》PPT课件.ppt

,Unit 3 Life in the future,Words and expressions,1.aspect n.样子，外表，面貌；(问题，事物等的)方面 eg:1)to take on an entirely new aspect 面貌一新 2)general aspects 概况 3)We should consider a problem in all its aspects. 我们应该全面的考虑问题。 4)principal aspect of a contradiction 矛盾的主要方面 2.impression n.印象，感想，印记；印刷 eg:1)first impression 第一印象 2)What is your first impression of Beijing ? 你对北京的第一印象如何？ 3)The books left a deep impression on him. 这本书留给他深刻印象。 4)Everybody has an impression that she was a good match for the young man. 每个人都觉得她和那个年轻人是天造地设的一对。,5)the third impression of the second edition 第二版的第三次印刷 -思维拓展 1)get/obtain an impression 得到某印象 2)have/make a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象 -impress vt. 使感动，使留下好印象，可构成以下短语：impress sb. with sth.或者impress sth.on/upon sb. eg:Shenzhen impressed him with the high speed of development.深圳给他留下了高速发展的深刻印象。 -impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的 eg: an impressive scene 难忘的场面 an impressive story 感人的故事 3.take up 占有(时间/空间),继续，开始，接收，拿起 eg:1)I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize,that was won last year. 我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。 2)Im sorry to have taken up so much of your time. 很抱歉占用了你这么多的时间。 3)I took up the work after a short rest. 稍微休息了一会儿之后，我又继续做那项工作。 4)He took up the hobby at the age of six. 他六岁就有那个爱好了。 -发散思维 take over 接管，控制，占据 take for 当作，误以为 take in 收留，收容(某人),包括(含),理解，欺骗 take off 脱掉，模仿，起飞，成名 take on 雇佣，聘用，开始呈现 take back 取回，把退货，取消,4.constant adj.经常的，不断的，稳定的，忠实的 eg:1)The birth rate in this city is almost constant. 这个城市的出生率几乎是不变的。 2)He hates his wifes constant nagging. 他讨厌他妻子唠叨不休。 3)She remained constant till death. 她至死忠贞不渝。 -constantly adv. eg:1)The area was constantly hit by drought. 这地区经常遭到旱灾。 2)His report was constantly interrupted by applause. 他的报告频频为掌声所打断。 -constant 强调始终如一的经常出现 continual 表示时断时续的发生 continuous 表示中间不停顿,5.previous adj. 先的，前的，以前的；过早(急)的 eg:1)as sb. mentioned on a previous occasion 如某人上次所提到的 2) a previous engagement 先前的约定 3)He was a little too previous in making the decision. 他做出这个决定太匆忙了些。 6.guide n.&. vt. 指导，向导，导游；指引(导) eg:1) to take . as ones guide to action 把. .作为行动的指南 2) a guide to a museum 博物馆参观指南 3)They guided us to the teachers office. 他们带领我们到老师办公室去。 4) guide sb. forword from . to . 指引某人从. . 走向 . . 5)guide sb.s studies 指导某人学习,7.surrounding n.&. adj. 环境，周围的事物(常用复数) 周围的 eg:1)The guest house stands in picturesque surroundings.宾馆四周的环境优美如画。 2)He works in pleasant surroundings. 他在愉快的环境中工作。 3)Confused by the new surroundings,I was hit by the lack of fresh air. 新的环境把我弄的心烦意乱的，由于缺乏新鲜空气， 我感到受不了。 -surround vt. 围(环)绕,包围，围困 eg:1) The fence surrounds the school. 篱笆环绕着学校。 2)They have surrounded the town with troops. 他们出动了军队包围了该城。,3)He likes to surround himself with beautiful things. 他喜欢生活在优美的环境中。 4) The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的周围有高墙。 -surroundings 和environment surroundings专指自然环境，对周围的事物这一客观着眼。 environment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境对人的感受，道德观念的影响着眼，所以我们说美丽的 surroundings，幸福的environment 8.tolerate vt. 容忍，忍受 eg:We will not tolerate any invasion of our motherland. 我们决不能容忍对我们祖国的任何侵犯。 -tolerant adj. (of) 忍受的，容忍的,宽恕的 be tolerant of opinions different from ones own (能)容忍不同意见,be tolerant to(ward) sb. 宽恕(容忍)某人 tolerance n. show tolerance towards sb.容忍某人 9.lack n.&. vi./vt. 缺乏，短缺的东西；缺乏，没有 eg:1)Lack of heat made us cold. 没有暖气使我们觉得很冷。 2)The plants died for lack of water. 植物死于缺水。 3)She lacks common sense. 她缺乏常识。 4)He is lacking in courage.=He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇气。 5)They are so rich that they lack for nothing. 他们非常富有，不缺任何东西。 -表示“缺乏或缺少”时，lack若是名词，和of连用，lack of sth. ,还可用作vt./vi. ,与介词in一起用于现在分词中，构成be lacking in .,10.press n. &. vi./vt.按，压，逼迫(近）；印刷，新闻业 eg:1)Press this botton to start the engine. 要发动引擎就按这个按钮。 2)The shoes are pressing my feet.这鞋挤我的脚。 3)They pressed me for an immediate decision. 他们逼我立即决定。 4)He pressed his father to buy him a car. 他逼着他父亲给他买汽车。 -press常用的习惯搭配： press sb. for sth.敦促某人做某事，催逼，迫切要求 press on=press ahead 加紧进行 press sth. on sb. 逼迫某人接受某事物 11.fasten vt. 系牢，扎牢, 把(思想，注意力等)集中于 eg:1)fasten an ox to the tree 把牛栓在树上 2)fasten the sheets of paper together 把纸张钉在一起,3)fasten ones eyes on sb.盯住某人 4)fasten ones attention upon a problem 把注意力集中在某一个问题上 12.lose sight of 看不见，忘记，失去联系 eg:1)There were so many carriages that I lost sight of him. 因为车太多，所以我看不见他了。 2)Its easy to lose sight of the real issue. 真正的问题倒是容易忘记的。 3)I have lost sight of him entirely.我和他完全失去了联系。 -思维拓展，有关sight 的习惯搭配： at first sight 乍一看，一看见 catch sight of 发现，突然看见 in/within sight 在视野内，看得见 out of sight 在视野外，看不见 in sbs sight 在某人看来 at the sight of 一看到. . 就. .,out of sight ,out of mind 眼不见，心不想 13.sweep up 打扫(收拾)干净,一下子抱起某人 eg:1)He was swept up into the centre of the crowd. 他被卷入到这个人群中去了。 2)Some students were left to sweep up the fallen leaves. 一些学生被留下来清扫那些落叶。 3)Harriet swept the child up in her arms and stormed out. 哈莉特猛地抱起孩子，弄气冲冲地跑了出去。 -思维拓展： sweep along 冲走，掠过 sweep aside 放/堆到一边，不予理会 sweep away 扫清，迅速消灭，冲走 clean up 打扫干净，整理 14.flash vt.&.vi.闪光(烁),闪现出，飞驰，掠过 eg:1)A driver is not supposed to flash his lights at the coming vehicles.,司机不该朝着迎面开来的车辆闪灯。 2)His eyes flash with anger.他双眼冒出怒火。 3)The cars flashed past. 汽车飞驰而过。 4)The idea flashed into his mind. 这个念头突然闪过他的脑海。 5)Did you see flashes of lightning? 你看见闪电了吗？ 6)Did you use flash when you took these pictures? 你拍这些照片时用闪光灯了吗？ 7)The answer came to her in a flash of aspiration. 她突然来了一阵灵感，答案也就有了。 注释： 如果表示“(主意等)突然闪过或出现在(心头)“,可后接 介词into , on , across , through , upon flash 也可用作名词，意为“闪光(灯),恍然大悟,15.switch n.&. vt.开关，转换，转移 eg:1)You pressed the wrong switch.你按错了开关。 2)Theres been a switch in our plans.我们的计划改变了。 3)He switched the light on. 他打开电灯。 4)Hang on , please.Ill switch you to the manager. 请不要挂断电话。我给你转接到经理那儿去。 5)He studied chemistry and then switched to biology. 他原来学化学，后来改学生物了。 -思维拓展 switch off/on 切断/接上(电流) switch to 转(换)到 switch through (把电话)接到(某分机),接过来 eg:1)I used to cook on electricity,but Ive switched to gas. 我过去用电烧饭，但现在已换成用煤气了。 2)Please switch through to the managers office. 请接通经理办公室的电话。,16.exhaust vt.用完，耗尽，使筋疲力尽 eg:1)He had exhausted his supply of water. 他已用尽了全部供水。 2)The marathon talks exhausted him completely. 马拉松式的谈判使他筋疲力尽。 3)We were exhausted by climbing up the hill. 我们因爬上那座山而筋疲力尽了。 4)a long and exhausting journey 漫长而令人疲惫的旅行 5)Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累极了，偷偷地爬上床就睡着了。 17.optimistic adj. 乐观(主义)的 eg:1)We should be optimistic about our future. 我们对未来应持乐观态度。 2)The experts are optimistic that we will succeed. 那些专家们对我们的成功抱有乐观态度。,18.speed up 加速 eg:1)Spee