2019年高考英语真题（江苏卷含解析）

2019年高考英语真题（江苏卷含解析）英语(满分:120分钟，考试时间:120分)注 意 事 项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。1. 本试卷共14页，包含选择题(第1题第70题，共70题)、非选择题(第71题第81题，共11题)两部分。本卷满分为120分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置上。3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符。4. 作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分 20 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. ? 19.15. B. ? 9.18. C. ? 9.15.答案是 C。1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Where does this conversation take place?A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum.【答案】B【解析】【详解】W: Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over now. Your wife must get some rest.M: Oh, Im sorry, doctor. I didnt hear the bell, or I wouldve left earlier.2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule.【答案】A【解析】【详解】M: Hello, my name is Jack. I need to get in shape. How do I register for the classes?W: Well need you to join the gym, and then you can find out which classes fit your schedule the best.3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers talking about?A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.【答案】B【解析】【详解】W: Ill see you at the theatre.M: Better still, lets meet in the Red Lion bar to have a little nice talk.W: Good idea, and Id love to have a drink there.4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.【答案】C【解析】【详解】M: Hello, my name is John Arber. And Im calling to ask about the position advertised in Fridays DailyMail.W: Yes, the position is still open. You could come over and have a talk with us.5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A. She might want a ticket.B. She is looking for the man.C. She has an extra ticket.【答案】A【解析】【详解】M: I have an extra ticket to the concert tonight. Would you like to join me?W: Thanks, but I already have one. You can ask Emily. She might be interested.第二节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】6. How long did James run his business？A. 10 years. B. 13years. C. 15 years.7. How does the woman feel about James situation？A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Disappointed.【答案】6. C 7. B【解析】W: Did you know James went out of business?M: Really? When was that?W: Last month.M: Thats too bad! He had owned that business for 15 years. What happened?W: I dont know. But life must be pretty tough for his family now. His sons are still so young. One is 13 and the other is 10.M: Well, maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.W: I hope so.【6题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【7题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】8. What has Kates mother decided to do？A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.9. What did Kates mother study at college？A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration.10. What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision?A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C【解析】W: Guess what? My mothers decided to go back to school.M: Why?W: Well, she always loved art, but learned business admistration at college, because her parents thought it was difficult for an artist to find a job.M: So she wants to study art now?W: Yeah, oil paining. Its been her dream for a long time.M: Its nice to return to learn what she loves. But, Kate, I still think old age should be about peace and relaxation. Hurrying to school every day and having to pass exams sounds a bit too much for her.W: You know, she retired last year and Im leaving for the university soon. She needs to find something interesting to do.M: Well, maybe, if its what she wants.【8题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【9题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【10题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】11. What is the man doing？A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Conducting a job interview.12. What benefits Mary most in her job？A. Her wide reading. B. Her leaders guidance. C. Her friends help13. Who will Mary talk about next？A. Her teacher. B. Her father C. Her mother.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C【解析】M: Dear listeners, for todays show, I have with me, my colleague, Mary Lenny. She has been a radio and TV reporter for many years. Mary, welcome to our show!W: Its a pleasure to be here.M: Would you please tell our listeners who most influenced your decision to become a reporter?Both my parents had a great influence on my choice of work, instead of trying to pick out a job for me, they helped me learn those things that led me to it.M: How did they do that?W: My father always told me that an education was one of the greatest advantages I could have, one that would always stay with me. He used to tell me that readers were leaders, and encouraged me to read all I could. As a result, Ive always kept up with the newspapers, faithfully read magazines and learned to really enjoy books, all of which have been a valuable help to me in radio and television reporting.M: What about your mother?W: Well, my mother helped me in a much different way.【11题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【12题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【13题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】14. Why does the man seldom do exercise？A. He lacks motivation.B. He has a heart problem.C. He works all the time.15. What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？A. Hes an athlete.B. Hes a researcher.C. Hes a journalist.16. Why does the woman speak of a study？A. To encourage the man.B. To recommend an exercise.C. To support her findings.17. How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？A. 300 minutes.B. 150 minute.C. 75 minutes.【答案】14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C【解析】M: We all know that exercise is good for us, but sometimes it seems too hard to leave the sofa.W: I can see that. You seldom do exercise.M: Plus, having the doctor tell us to get two and a half hours exercise a week doesnt really help our motivation much.W: Dont be discouraged. Now a new study suggests getting benefits from exercise doesnt have to be that demanding. Jacob Sattelmair from Harvard University has done a study into how much exercise is needed to lower the risk of heart attacks.M: Mmm, interesting!W: The study showed that people who put in 300 minutes a week of exercise had a 20% lower risk of death due to heart disease. Still, the people who exercise 115 minutes a week did pretty well, too, lowering their death risk by 14 %.M: And what about the people who exercise half as much as that, like what I probably do? Does that help?W: Of course, even 15 minutes would help.【14题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【15题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【16题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【17题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】18. What did the scientists do to the road？A. They repaired it.B. They painted it.C. They blocked it19. Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？A. Its warm.B. Its brown.C. Its smooth.20. What is the purpose of the scientists experiment？A. To keep the birds there for a whole year.B. To help students study the birds well.C. To prevent the birds from being killed.【答案】18. B 19. A 20. C【解析】Here is a piece of news for bird lovers. Scientists have painted a long road, red, yellow and white. They help to discourage the sea birds from wandering onto the highway. The area is home to large crowds of birds that come to stay for the season. Young birds are often attracted to the warm roads surface and get killed by the traffic. Biology student, Hannah tells the broadcaster. The youngsters feathers are brown in color. The dark-colored road surface makes the youngster hard to be noticed. As the number of tourists has grown, so has the amount of traffic on the roads. Biologist Christen says the plan is to see how the birds respond to the multi-colored road this summer, and if it works, the idea could spread to other parts of the country.【18题详解】此听力题，解析略。【19题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【20题详解】此为听力题，解析略。第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever答案是B。21.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. which B. what C. when D. that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。22.The musician along with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months.A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _ they need medical assistance.A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D。24.More wind power stations will _ to meet the demand for clean energy.A. take up B. clear up C. hold up D. spring up【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词组。句意：为了满足新能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A. take up开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）；B. clear up整理，收拾，解决（问题）；C. hold up（论点、理论等） 站得住脚，阻挡，举起；D. spring up出现，涌现。故选D。25.Scientists have obtained more evidence _ plastic is finding its way into the human body.A. what B. that C. which D. where【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。26.Nowadays the _ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，抚恤金。故选A。27.Favorable policies are _ to encourage employees professional development.A. in effect B. in command C. in turn D. in shape【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。A. in effect实际上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。故选A。28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise.A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith _ in love with the people and culture there.A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。30._ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _a good time together.A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。32.Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries_ its role in international affairs.A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _ mans intelligence and creativity.A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。35.Lets take a coffee break. _ We ve been working for hours.A. Why bother? B. What for? C. You got me there. D. You said it.【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景对话。句意：我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。 why bother没有必要；what for为什么；You got me there你把我搞糊涂了；You said it你算说对了，故选D。第二节:完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are _36_ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to _37_ the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their _38_. Emma, a female crane, has been in their _39_ since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was _40_ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected _41_, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had _42_ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She _43_ to live with male cranes, and even had a _44_ for killing some of them, which made it _45_ for her to become a mother._46_, the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a _47_ of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This _48_ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be _49_, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the _50_, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. _51_, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.How can we _52_ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the _53_: human beings took it for granted that their _54_ held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better _55_.36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing37. A. ban B. save C. split D. remove38. A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration39. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized41. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully43. A. liked B. refused C. decided D. hesitated44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation45. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead47. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system48. A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant50. A. it B. rise C. agenda D. decline51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary52. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward54. A. brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects55. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。【36题详解】根据第一句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age”和最后一句提到的“the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。D选项正确。【37题详解】前文提到每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故B选项正确。【38题详解】上文最后一句提到科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指“繁殖”，C选项正确。【39题详解】自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼应。故选A。【40题详解】根据空后的“human caretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故选C。【41题详解】根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。B选项正确。【42题详解】根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humanseven killing some of them”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。【43题详解】根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它“拒绝”和雄鹤生活在一起。B选项正确。【44题详解】根据even（甚至）这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而“臭名昭著”。故D选项正确。【45题详解】Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她“不可能”生育小鹤，成为妈妈。D选项正确。【46题详解】上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。C选项正确。【47题详解】经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起。A选项正确。【48题详解】Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使能够做某事”，D选项正确。【49题详解】根据后文 more efforts must be made可以推知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。assured意为“确定的，有把握的，自信的”。【50题详解】根据because可知，前后句之间是因果关系，根据more efforts must be made可以推知，野生白鹤数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故D选项正确。【51题详解】前文提到：野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因的一种解释。故B选项正确。after all：毕竟（用于解释和说明理由）。【52题详解】针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？B选项正确。53题详解】前文提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris和Tim的做法给我们提供了一个答案。C选项正确。【54题详解】根据下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。A选项正确。【55题详解】根据转折词but可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们可以用“心”更好地“引领”他们去保护这些濒危的动物。故A选项正确。第三部分: 阅读理解(共