高考英语情态动词六大要素.ppt

情态动词学习六要素,一、注意情态动词的推测用法 推测性情态动词共有三个，其用法见表,例1： -Are you coming to Jeffs party? -Im not sure. I _go to the concert instead.(NMET2000) A. must B. would C. should D. might,析：选D。Im not sure.的语境表明把握性不大，当然我去参加音乐演奏会的可能性就比较小了，故不用must应用might,例 2： -_the news be true? No, it_be true. A. Can, cant B. May, cant C. May, may not D. Must, mustnt,析： 选A。因为前半句是疑问句，后半句为否定句，两空都不能使用may/might 和must，应而用can和cant。,二、了解情态动词的完成式用法,（一）should /ought to have done本来应做而未做，表达遗憾感情色彩,例1：I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I _for her.(NMET94) had to write it out must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out,析： 选C。分析语境可知，口头上告知Sally如何去那里是不够的，所以我本应书面告知，却有没书面告知之，显得应使用should /ought to have written表示遗憾之情。,例2： I was really anxious about you, you_home without a word.(NMET2001) A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave,析: 选B。 由语境可知，我真的为你担心，所以你不应该一句话不说就离开家，但实际上你确实这么做了，显然应填shouldnt/ought to have left，表示责备。,（二）may/might have done可能已做 must have done 一定已做 cant have done不可能做,例1：-Where is my pen? - I _it.(NMET88) A. might lose B. wouldnt have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost,例2： The light in his room is still on, so he _ to bed. A. mustnt have gone B. must have gone C. shouldnt have gone D. cant have gone,析：选D。由于他房间里的灯还亮着推测，他不可能已经上床睡觉了，应填cant have gone 。,（三）could have done指本来能做而实际未做，表达遗憾的感情色彩,You could at least have sent five cards.你至少可以寄5张明信片的。,四、熟悉情态动词委婉用法： could, would, might等情态动词均有委婉用法，它们不是过去式而是表示语气委婉、客气、礼貌，常用与疑问句，并多用于习惯表达， 如would you please, would you mind, would you like to等，might还可以用于肯定句表示推测，表示可能性小， might和could表示征求对方意见时，回答必须还成may, can.,例1：-Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes, of course you_. A. might B. will C. can D. should,析：选C。该句用can的委婉表达式could 来征求对方意见，could 和might通用，但回答时必须还成can或may，因此该题不选A.,例2：_you mind my smoking here? A. Should B Could C. Might D. Would,析：选D。征求对方意见我是否在这儿吸烟，语气理应委婉，所以应选委婉的表达方式would you mind来征求对方意见。,五、弄清情态动词的异化现象,有些情态用于疑问句进行回答时，出现了异化现象，此时回答在某 个角度不能继续使用该情态动词， 而改用别的动词。,例1：-Must I start at once? No, you_. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. wont,析：A。由语境可知该答句表示“不必”，而mustnt表示“不准、禁止”，不符合语境，显然应使用neednt表示“不必”，但肯定句回答继续用must。,例2：-Need I hand in my exercise book at once? Yes, you_. A. must B. need C. can D. will,析：选A。根据规定need用于一般疑问句作肯定回答应换成must,而作否定回答时，使用need的否定式neednt。,六、掌握征求意见情态动词的回答,不少情态动词可用于疑问句征求对方意见，但人称上有时有特殊要求，请看下表：,例1：-_I tell John about it? -No, you neednt. I have told him already.(NMET94) A. Shall B. Will C. Can D. May,析：选A。从回答句“No, you neednt”的语境可知，问句征求对方意见，表示“需要”而且用语第一人称，要使用shall。,例2：_you please help me with my English? A. Would B. Do C. Shall D. Can,析：A。次句表示追求对方意见，有“愿意 ”之意，而且又用于地二人称，应选用would。,情态动词,1.A leftluggage office is a place where bags _be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A.should B.can C.must D.will,2.How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? A.can B.must C.need D.may,3.The room is so dirty._ we clean it? -Of course. A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do,B,A,B,4.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it? A.should B.must C.could D.would,5.Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A.must B.can C.need D.may,6.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. -It _ true because there was little snow there. A.may not be B.wont be C.couldt be D.mustnt be,C,D,C,7.It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the paper have been collected. A.can B.will C.may D.shall,8.I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coins._ I have a look? -Yes, certainly. A.Do B.May C.Shall D.Should,9.Oh, Im feeling well in the stomach, I _ so much fried chicken jusf now. A.shouldnt eat B.mustnt have eaten C.shouldnt have eaten D.mustnt eat,D,B,C,10.I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A.mustnt leave B.shouldnt have left C.couldnt have left D.neednt leave,11.You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen _ be so rude to a lady. A.might B.need C.should D.would,12.Write to me when you get home. -_. A.I must B.I should C.I will D.I can,B,C,C,13.Mr.Bush is on time for everything. How _it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A.can B.should C.may D.must,14.Are you coming to Jeffs party? -Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. A.must B.would C.should D.might,15.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture. A.couldnt have attended B.neednt have attended C.mustnt have attended D.shouldnt have attended,A,D,A,16.Sorry, Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A.might B.should C.can D.will,17.There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you? A.must have B.should C.need have D.ought to have,18.When can I come for the photes? I need them tomorrow afternoom. -They _ be ready by by 12:00. A.can B.should C.might D.need,A,D,B,19.I stayed at a hotel while in New York. -Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara. A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed,20.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could,21.Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. A.mustnt have arrived B.shouldnt have arrived C.cant have arrived D.neednt have arrived,A,C,C,22.When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday. A.would B.should C.had better D.might,23.Sir, you _ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for woman and children only. A.oughtnt to B.cant C.wont D.neednt,24.Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment. A.must B.need C.should D.can,25. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A.dare to say B.dare saying