定语从句与插入语.ppt

定语从句,语法讲解 定语从句（the attributive clause）, 被定语从句限定的词是_ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 _ 或 _。, 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。,在复合句中，充当_ 用的从句是定语从句,“先行词”,“关系代词”,“关系副词”,形容词,关系代词: who, whom, that which, that, whose as,关系副词: when, where, why,关系词的作用：,1、连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；2、替代作用：在从句中代替在它前面的先行词；3、成分作用：在从句中总是充当一个句子成分;,Who(做主语或宾语) 1.This is the man who helped me. 2.The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 3.Those who wish to go to the museum must be at the gate by 7:50 a.m. Whom(做宾语可以省略) This doctor whom you are looking for is in the room Mrs. Smith whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.,Whose(人或物，在从句中做定语) Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen down. Do you know the man whose name is wang yu. Which(只指物，在从句中做主语或宾语) Guilin is a city which has a history of 2000 years. The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. That(人或物，主或宾) The letter that I received was from my father. All that we have to do is to practice everyday. They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.,1. She looked at Jeff _was waving his arms.,关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose.,2. A plane is a machine _ can fly.,3. The noodles _ I cooked were delicious.,4. The girl _ _we saw yesterday is Jims sister.,5. Harry is the boy_ mother is our Maths teacher.,6. The room _window faces south is yours.,that/who,that/which,that/which,that/who/whom,whose,whose,All (that glitters) is not gold. You must do everything (that I do). He was the first (that arrived) and the last (that left). This is the third mistake (that he made). Is this the best film (that has been shown this year)? He is going to visit the most beautiful place (that lies in Japan). This is the very book (that Im looking for). We talked about the things and people (that we remembered in the school). China is not the country that it used to be. Which is the car that hit the boy?,只能用that 1. 先行词被everything, anything, nothing, all, much, little, few等时。 2. 先行词被the only, the very, the just, the first, the last及序数词修饰时。 3. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 4. 先行词既包含人又包含物时。 5. 先行词被all, any, few, litter, no等修饰时。 6. 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 7. 有时为避免重复。,考点：介词+关系词,1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking? 2. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar. 3. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.,5. (06浙江) I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which,to whom,with which,on which,This is the child whom/ that I will take care of.,4. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。,关系代词前介词的确定,1. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure. 2. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. 3.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 6. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 7. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,of which,to whom,of which,介词+关系代词的情况 练习,There are many teachers over there, one of _ is an English teacher. all of _ _ maths teachers. and _,考点: of which, of whom等结构引导的定语从句为非限制性定语从句。,whom,whom are,all of them are maths teachers.,I bought a dozen eggs, _ (其中六个) broke down when I dropped the box.,six of which,I bought a dozen eggs, of _broke down when I dropped the box.,which six,I bought a dozen eggs, and _ broke down when I dropped the box.,six of them,The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. （04广西，28） A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which,A,Do you know the reason _ _you came late for school? Do you know the reason _you came late for school? Do you remember the day _ _we worked together ? Do you remember the day _we worked together ? This is the village _ _he was born. This is the village _he was born. He helped his father on the farm _ _they lived He helped his father on the farm _ they lived. Times change and so does the way _we live,on which,when,in which,where,on which,where,for which,why,in which/ that / 不填,关系副词引导定语从句：when, where, why.,1. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.,关系副词指代先行词，在从句中作成分,2. This is the house where we lived last year.,3. He couldnt give the teacher a good reason why he was late for school.,定语从句解题步骤:,1.找主句: 2. 先行词: 3. 将先行词代入到从句当中，判断其在从句 中的成分，选用合适的关系词来替代先行词,关键是: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分,完整,填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略 This is the factory _ produces TV. _ we visited yesterday. _ windows face south. the window _ faces south. _ the window faces south. _ his father works. _ his father works in. in _ his father works.,that/ which,(that/ which),whose,of which,where,(that/ which),which,of which,填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略 Is he the man _ wants to see you? _ I saw yesterday? _ car broke down on the way?,who/that,(whom/ that),whose,The prince was the person in whose honor the ball was given.,填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略 Give me the reason _ you quarreled with him _ _ you quarreled with him. This is the reason _ he gave for being late.,why,for which,(that),填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略 I will never forget the days _ we studied together. _ _ we studied together. _ we spent together.,when,in (during) which,(which/that),实战训练: 改错: 1)This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 2)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.,(which/that),(which/that),Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 2) Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one,单选:,D,A,考点7： as, which 引导非限定性定语从句,先行词是整个句子,位置区别： 含义区别：,*This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see. *As we all know, Tom is a good student. *Shakespeare, as you know, wrote many plays. *Bamboos are hollow, which makes them very light.,which与as的区别：,as (was/is) expected, as already mentioned above, as reported in the newspaper as planned,As 常用的句式有：,as is said above, as is known to all, as is often the case,as you know as we can see,such/soas, the sameas, asas, not so as,考点8:用as的其它情况,把下面两句话翻译成汉语,注意which的含义.,The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.,Mary treats me just like a baby, which I cant bear.,把下面每组的两个句子合并成含有定语从句的句子。, China is a developing country. It is known to all., We won the game. We all expected it.,As is known to all, China is a developing country.,We won the game, as we expected.,需要注意的其它考点,He has made another wonderful discovery, _of great use. which I suppose are B. that I suppose it is C. I suppose