2018高考英语一轮复习构想Unit14Careers课时作业北师大版.docx

Unit 14Careers一、单元跟踪过关.单句语法填空1No matter how busy he is, he makes it a rule to read at least 20 minutes a day.2The President consulted with European leaders before taking action.3He ran into the burning house to save the employee without hesitation.4In case he arrives (arrive) before I get back, please call me.5Whether the factory will be in the charge of me or not, I will resign.6Youll have to pay off your old loan before being allowed a new one.7Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation (operate)8The price of houses decreased by 10% in Shanghai.9Take a little time to think before committing (commit) yourself.10In response to complaints, the company reviewed its safety procedures.单句改错1Was it not until midnight when your husband came back home yesterday?whenthat2When I was a child, my parents often told me did not to talk with my mouth full.将did删除3Catching in a heavy rain on his way home yesterday, Jim is suffering from a bad cold.CatchingCaught4The man would take advantage of every possible chance to show off that he had achieved.thatwhat5Many people, including quite a few scientists, believe in the existence of other intelligent life in universe.在第二个in后加上the6Many of these endangered species will soon die out unless stronger measures are taking to protect our environment.takingtaken7Doctor Smith advised me set aside at least half an hour every day for physical exercise.在me后加上to8Mr Green, an engineer with over 20 years of experience, will be in the charge of the project.将第一个the删除9The boy did a good job in the exam, and for a reward, his parents bought him a new racing bike.foras10Not able to afford a house of their own, the young couple rented it not far away from their company.itone.完成句子1He was_given_a_reward(因而得到奖赏) for his contribution to science.2This job would be impossible without_the_aid_of(没有的帮助) a computer.3She is_hesitant_about(对感到犹豫) signing the contract.4. There is, in_addition(此外), one further point to make.5I cant go_into_detail(s)(详细叙述) now; it would take too long.二、高考模拟写作(2017江西联考)近日教育部(the Ministry of Education)要求加强中小学劳动教育，这一举措引发了人们的热议。请你根据下面表格中的内容，写一篇短文给校报英文版投稿。学生的观点一部分学生：劳动教育有助于身体健康，全面发展。另一部分学生：劳动教育占用学习时间，影响成绩。你的观点注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_答案：范文赏读Recently, the Ministry of Education has issued a requirement that students should be given labor education while at school, which arouses a heated debate.As for students, opinions are divided.Some students think that it will be of great benefit for their health, enabling them to be well developed.On the other hand, some students hold the view that this kind of education will take up their time, which will be spent studying otherwise.And it will have a negative effect on their grades.Its true that students are given little chance of laboring nowadays, thus lacking the sense of labor.So as far as Im concerned, students definitely should receive labor education so that theyll value more what labor brings about.大题巧练14Unit 14Careers授课提示：对应学生用书第277页A卷一、阅读理解A(2016天津卷)When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence(能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant, the psychologist(心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”Vaillants study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the mens mentalhealth scores with their boyhoodactivity scores. Points were awarded for parttime jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Workingat any ageis important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competencethe underpinnings(基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isnt everything. As Tolstoy once said，“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.”语篇解读一项研究表明，小时候劳动的男孩长大后更容易享受快乐的生活。1. What do we know about John?A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.B. He had few childhood playmates.C. He received little love from his family.D. He was envied by others in his childhood.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier”可知，约翰享受工作和婚姻带来的快乐。2. Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as _.A. a description of personal values and social valuesB. an analysis of how work was related to competenceC. an example for parents expectations of their childrenD. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men答案与解析：D考查写作意图。第二段的第二句话“The study showed that those. than those who had not”告诉我们，小时候劳动的男孩要比不劳动的男孩成年后更能享受生活且更富有创造性，后面紧接着引用Vaillant的话来进一步解释为什么有些男孩成年后会享受快乐的生活。3. Vaillants team obtained their findings by _.A. recording the boys effort in school B. evaluating the mens mental healthC. comparing different sets of scoresD. measuring the mens problem solving ability答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容可知，Vaillant的团队通过比较几组不同的得分情况得出了他们的结论。4. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to react.B. Having a thin edge.C. Clear and definite.D. Sudden and rapid.答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据画线词后面的“Those who had done the most boyhood activities. less likely to have been unemployed”可知，孩提时代的劳动和长大后的生活之间的联系是显而易见的。5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Competent adults know more about love than work.B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.D. Independence is the key to ones success.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容可知，孩提时代的劳动能够培养一个人多方面的能力，这些能力正是情感健康的基础，同时也能帮助他们过上更快乐的生活。由此可推断出情感健康对享受精彩的成年生活十分重要。B(2017福建模拟)More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep. A new survey also shows more than 28 million people in the UK regularly get no more than seven hours sleep a night. Prof Richard Wiseman, who commissioned the YouGov poll described the findings as “extremely worrying”. Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 78% said they used electronic devices before going to bed. This rose to 91% among the 18 to 24yearolds questioned in the survey.Getting less than seven hours sleep a night is below the recommended guidelines, and is associated with a range of problems, including an increased risk of weight gain, heart attacks, diabetes and cancer.“The blue light from these devices suppresses(压制) the production of the sleepinducing hormone melatonin, so its important to avoid them before bedtime，” said Prof Richard Wiseman, from the University of Hertfordshire.Everyone needs different amounts of sleep, but adults are generally thought to require a minimum of seven to eight hours a night. Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours. The proportion(比例) of people thought to be getting too little sleep had risen by a fifth since a “bedroom poll” conducted last year by the National Sleep Foundation.Last week revealed opticians were warning that the overuse of smartphones may be increasing peoples risk of eye damage. Optician Andy Hepworth said, “Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes.” So over a long period of time it can damage your eyes. When youre looking at a smartphone, the light peaking out of that is blue violet. The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under25s check their smartphones 32 times a day.语篇解读本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，睡前使用智能手机将导致睡眠问题。6. The purpose of the passage is to _.A. stress that people dont use smartphonesB. remind people of enough sleepC. ask people not to sleep too muchD. tell people not to use smartphones before bed答案与解析：D考查写作意图。根据第一段的第一句“More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep”可知，超过90%的年轻人会在睡前玩智能手机，因此导致睡眠问题；据此可以判断，本文旨在告诉人们不要在睡前玩智能手机，故D项正确。7. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. According to a new survey, more than 28 million people in the UK get more than seven hours sleep a night.B. More than 90% of young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed.C. Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 91% said they used electronic devices before going to bed.D. The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under25s check their smartphones 30 times a day.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一段的第一句“More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep”可知，超过90%的年轻人会在睡前玩智能手机，故B项正确；根据第一段的第二句“A new survey also shows more than 28 million people in the UK regularly get no more than seven hours sleep a night”可知，这些人每晚的睡眠时间不超过7个小时，故A项错误；根据第一段的倒数第二句“Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 78% said they used electronic devices before going to bed”可知，这些人中的78%说他们在睡前使用电子设备，故C项错误；根据文章的最后一句“The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under25s check their smartphones 32 times a day”可知，这些人每天检查智能手机32次而不是30次，故D项错误。8. According to what Andy Hepworth said, the overuse of smartphones may be increasing peoples risk of _.A. weight gain B. cancerC. eye damage D. heart attacks答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据最后一段的第一、二句“Last week revealed opticians were warning that the overuse of smartphones may be increasing peoples risk of eye damage.Optician Andy Hepworth said，Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes.”可知，Andy Hepworth认为，过度使用智能手机会损伤眼睛，故C项正确。9. Teenagers are generally thought to get sleep of _ a night.A. about 9 hours B. 78 hoursC. less than 7 hours D. more than 10 hours答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段的第二句“Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours”可知，青少年所需要的睡眠时间是每天大概9个小时，故A项正确。二、完形填空It was a busy morning, about 8：30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment(约会) at 9：30.The nurse had him take a _10_ in the waiting area，_11_ him it would be at least 40 minutes _12_someone would be able to see him. I saw him _13_ his watch and decided, since I was _14_ busymy patient didnt _15_ at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctors appointment.The gentleman said no and told me that he _16_ to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his _17_. He told me that she had been _18_ for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be _19_ if he was a bit late. He replied that she _20_ knew who he was, that she had not been able to _21_ him for five years now. I was _22_ , and asked him, “And you _23_ go every morning, even though she doesnt know who you are？”He smiled and said, “She doesnt know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold back _24_ as he left.Now I _25_ that in marriages, true love is _26_ of all that is. The happiest people dont _27_have the best of everything; they just _28_ the best of everything they have. _29_ isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.语篇解读妻子失忆，但老人没有放弃她，而是每天陪伴她。本文告诉读者生活的意义在于互相关怀，即主题“雨中共舞”。10. Abreath BtestCseat Dbreak答案与解析：C由后面的waiting room可知是坐在那儿。take a seat意为“就座”；take a breath意为“呼吸”；take a test意为“参加考试”，take a break意为“休息一会儿”。11. Apersuading Bpromising Cunderstanding Dtelling答案与解析：D护士告诉(telling)老人“还要等至少四十分钟”。promise意为“许诺”；persuade意为“劝服”。12. Aif BbeforeCsince Dafter答案与解析：B“等待”发生在“有医生同他见面”之前，所以用before。13. Ataking off BfixingClooking at Dwinding答案与解析：C老人很焦急，所以“看手表(look at his watch)”这个选项正确。take off意为“脱下”；fix意为“修理”；wind意为“给(手表、钟)上发条”。14. Avery BalsoCseldom Dnot答案与解析：D因为当时我的病人没有按约定的时间到，我不忙，于是我就给他检查。因为针对具体的事，所以不用表示频率的副词“很少有(seldom)”。15. Aturn up Bshow off Ccome on Dgo away答案与解析：Aturn up意为“出现”；show off意为“炫耀”；come on意为“得了吧”，表示一种不耐烦的情绪，或者表示鼓励。go away意为“离开”。16. Aneeded Bforgot Cagreed Dhappened答案与解析：Aneed在本句中是实意动词，他说他需要到疗养院同他妻子一起吃早餐。17. Adaughter Bwife Cmother Dsister答案与解析：B由第五段的第一句中marriage可知，他们是夫妇。18. Alate BwellCaround Dthere答案与解析：Dthere指的是疗养院，她已经在疗养院里面有一段时间了。19. Alonely Bworried Cdoubtful Dhungry答案与解析：B由“等待”可推断问的是她是否“焦急的，担心的(worried)”。doubtful意为“怀疑的”；lonely意为“孤独的”。20. Aso far BneitherCno longer Dalready答案与解析：C由上下文可知他的妻子已失忆，所以不认得老人了。21. Arecognize Banswer Cbelieve Dexpect答案与解析：A她不认识(recognize)他已经有五年了。22. Amoved BdisappointedCsurprised Dsatisfied答案与解析：C妻子已不认识老人，他还是每天早上去陪她，所以“我”很惊讶。23. Aonly Bthen Cthus Dstill答案与解析：Dstill表示动作或状态的持续。then表示时间先后。thus表示因果关系。24. Acuriosity BtearsCwords Djudgment答案与解析：B由前面的动词hold back(忍住，忍回去)可知，忍回去的应该是“泪水(tears)”。25. Arealize Bsuggest Chope Dprove答案与解析：A从这位老人的身上，“我”认识到(realize)：在婚姻中，真正的爱是接受(acceptance)现有的一切。26. Aagreement Bexpression Cacceptance Dexhibition答案与解析：C见25题解析。27. Anecessarily BcompletelyCnaturally Dfrequently答案与解析：A最幸福的人并不一定(not necessarily)是一个拥有所有最好东西的人。expression意为“表达”；naturally意为“自然地”；frequently意为“经常地”。28. Alearn BmakeCfavor Dtry答案与解析：B他们不一定拥有最好的东西，但是他们可以把他们所拥有的东西充分利用起来。make the best of意为“充分利用”；favor意为“喜爱、偏好”。29. AAdventure BBeauty CTrust DLife答案与解析：D最后一句是点题说明生活的意义不在于共同度过风暴，而在于“雨中共舞”。三、语法填空It happened at a weekend in the 1970s. Mum gave me two tickets for a film, telling me she was too busy to go together with me with the _30_(end) housework. She told me to keep the money if I could sell the extra ticket. I was very happy. At that time, a ticket cost only 5 fen. But to me, a little girl of twelve, 5 fen seemed quite a lot. I reached the cinema_31_(hurry). Holding the ticket in my hand, I began to look for a buyer. Just then a handsome young man, _32_ noticed me and the ticket, came towards me with a big smile, “Youve got _33_ extra ticket？”“Yes，” I nodded.“Thats great. Say how much? 5 fen.”“Oh，” he thought for a while and then took out a tenyuan note _34_ his wallet.“Im terribly sorry，_35_ Ive only got this note.” Seeing I was confused, he added, “Then how about waiting for a while _36_ I have changed it in the cinemas store？”Without much thinking, I agreed. Then we went to the cinema together. He walked very fast. I could hardly keep up with _37_. Soon he disappeared in the Mens. I stood there _38_(puzzle). Suddenly I realized the handsome young fellow _39_ (cheat) me.Before long I found that hed sold the ticket to a little boy. He earned 5 fen, but lost his honor!30_31._32._33_34._35._36_37._38._39_答案：语篇解读本文主要讲述了一个小女孩被骗的经历。30endless考查形容词。endless意为“大量的，无数的”。31hurriedly考查副词。用副词hurriedly修饰动词reached。32who考查关系代词。非限制性定语从句，who指代a handsome young man作noticed的主语。33an考查冠词。extra ticket是可数名词单数，用不定冠词。34from考查介词。从他的皮夹子里，所以用from。35but考查连词。Im sorry或excuse me后使用but。36before/until/till考查连词。句意：“你等一会儿直到(till/until)我去电影院商店换零头”或“在我去电影院商店换零头之前(before)你等一会儿”。37him考查代词。句意：几乎不能跟上他。38puzzled考查形容词。puzzled意为“感到困惑的”。39had cheated考查时态。用完成时表示已经发生。B卷一、阅读理解A(2017石家庄模拟)I grew up in a family that ate dinner together every evening. Although my parents enjoyed wine, they rarely drank during the week and were always in moderation(节制). As for myself, I wasnt interested in alcoholic drinks and neither were my high school friends.So when I arrived on campus for my first year of university life, I was a bit shocked. Many different events had been organized for the freshmen, but they all had one thing in commonalcohol, and plenty of it. Not wanting to be left out, I joined a few of the events. But I always returned home early, feeling disappointed. Your personality, interests and experiences didnt matter at all, only how many alcoholic drinks you could absorb before passing out(喝醉). It seemed shallow to me I wanted to get to know my new classmates, not how fast they could down a pint of beer.Gradually, however, I realized that real friends dont judge you by how much you can drink and there were other ways of making friends. I joined a photography society, took a first aid course, and every weekend I went cycling with a c