2018高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空第4讲说明文靶向训练.docx

专题三 完形填空第4讲 说明文模拟演练Cloze 1(2017平顶山高三月考)(导学号 58210032)Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.We_1_from the city to the suburbs，from high school to college in a different state，from a job in one region to a better job_2_，from the home where we_3_our children to the home where we plan to live in_4_With each move we are_5_making new friends，who become part of our new life.For many of us the_6_is a special time for forming new friendships.Today，millions of Americans go on vocation_7_，and they go not only to see new sights but alsoin those places where they do not feel too_8_with the hope of meeting new people.No one really_9_a vacation trip to produce a close friend，but the beginning of a friendship is possible.Surely in every country people_10_friendship.The word“friend”to American people can be_11_to a wide range of relationshipsto someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place，to a close business companion，to a childhood playmate，to a man or woman，to a_12_colleague.There are real_13_among these relations for Americansa friendship may be_14_，casual，situational or deep and lasting.But to a European，who sees only our surface behavior，the differences are not clear.As Europeans see it，all kinds of “friends”flow_15_of Americanshomes with little ceremony.They may be parents of the childrens friends，house guests of neighbors，members of a committee，business associates from another town or even another country._16_as a guest into an American home，the European visitor finds no_17_differences.The atmosphere is_18_Most people，old and young，are called_19_first names.Americans characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel_20_【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国人的生活。美国人一生当中总是在搬迁，或者是因为上学的缘故，或者是因为工作的原因，还有的是因为退休后找个好地方养老。如今，很多美国人喜欢在夏天出国旅游，除了观光还希望能够开始一段友谊。1A.drive BcommuteCmove Dsettle解析：考查动词。A.drive“驾驶”；B.commute“交换”；C.move“移动”；D.settle“解决，定居”。根据上句“Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.”(几乎没有一个美国人一生只留在一个地方)。可知下句：我们从城市到郊区，从高中到大学。故选C。答案：C2A.abroad BelsewhereCsomewhere Dnowhere解析：考查副词。A.abroad“在国外”；B.elsewhere“在别处”；C.somewhere“在某处”；D.nowhere“无处”。句意：从一个地区的一份工作到别处的更好的工作。故选B。答案：B3A.deliver BprotectCeducate Draise解析：考查动词。A.deliver“递送”；B.protect“保护”；C.educate“教育”；D.raise“提高，养育”。句意：从养育孩子的家到计划退休居住的家。故选D。答案：D4A.retirement BdeathCillness Dsadness解析：考查名词。A.retirement“退休”；B.death“死”；C.illness“疾病”；D.sadness“伤心”。根据上题句意可知故选A。答案：A5A.mostly BmainlyCrarely Dforever解析：考查副词。A.mostly“多半地”；B.mainly“主要地”；C.rarely“几乎不”；D.forever“永远”。句意：随着每次移动，我们永远交新朋友。故选D。答案：D6A.winter BsummerCspring Dautumn解析：考查名词。A.winter“冬天”；B.summer“夏天”；C.spring“春天”；D.autumn“秋天”。句意：对我们大多数人来说夏天是一个交友的特殊时候。故选B。答案：B7A.along BfreelyCtogether Dabroad解析：考查副词。A.along“一起，向前”；B.freely“自由自在地”；C.together“在一起”；D.abroad“到国外”。句意：今天，数百万美国人到国外度假。故选D。答案：D8A.alone BstrangeCscared Dremote解析：考查形容词。A.alone“独自的”；B.strange“奇怪的”；C.scared“害怕的”；D.remote“遥远的”。句意：在度假的那些地方遇见新朋友他们并不感到太奇怪。故选B。答案：B9A.allows BdesiresCexpects Dimagines解析：考查动词。A.allows“允许”；B.desires“渴望”；C.expects“期盼”；D.imagines“想象”。句意：没有人真正地期盼在度假中交一个亲密的朋友。故选C。答案：C10A.form BdevelopCignore Dvalue解析：考查动词。A.form“形成”；B.develop“发展”；C.ignore“忽视”；D.value“评估，估价，珍惜”。句意：当然在每个国家都珍惜友谊。故选D。答案：D11A.used BappliedCstuck Ddedicated解析：考查动词。A.used“使用”；B.applied“应用”；C.stuck“卡住”；D.dedicated“把用于”。句意：美国人能把“朋友”这个单词广泛地应用在人际关系中。故选B。答案：B12A.kind BgenerousCtrusted Dhelpful解析：考查形容词。A.kind“和蔼的”；B.generous“慷慨的”；C.trusted“可信的”；D.helpful“有益的”。句意：对一个诚实的同事。故选C。答案：C13A.differences BvarietiesCdistinctions Ddiversities解析：考查名词。A.differences“区分，不同”；B.varieties“种类”；C.distinctions“区别”；D.diversities“多样性”。句意：对美国人来说上文提到的这些关系有真正的区分。故选A。答案：A14A.informal BreliableCshallow Dfragile解析：考查形容词。A.informal“非正式的”；B.reliable“可靠的”；C.shallow“浅的”；D.fragile“易碎的”。句意：一种友谊可能是肤浅的，随便的，环境形成的或深厚的，永久的。故选C。答案：C15A.in and out Bon and onCby and by Dup and down解析：考查固定搭配。A.in and out“进进出出”；B.on and on“继续不停地”；C.by and by“不久，马上”；D.up and down“上上下下”。句意：正如欧洲人所看到的，各种各样的朋友进进出出美国家庭，毫无礼仪可言。故选A。答案：A16A.Moving BFlowingCGoing DComing解析：考查动词。A.Moving“移动”；B.Flowing“流动”；C.Going“去”；D.Coming“来”。句意：作为一个客人来到美国家庭，欧洲游客会发现没有明显的区别。故选D。答案：D17A.obvious BheavyCexplicit Dstrong解析：考查形容词。A.obvious“明显的”；B.heavy“重的”；C.explicit“明确的”；D.strong“强壮的”。故根据上题句意可知选A。答案：A18A.weird BstressedCrelaxed Dstrange解析：考查形容词。A.weird“怪异的”；B.stressed“紧张的”；C.relaxed“放松的”；D.strange“奇怪的”。句意：气氛是放松的。故选C。答案：C19A.with BonCfor Dby解析：考查介词。句意：多数人，老人和年轻人，用名字称呼。因为是被动语态，故选D。答案：D20A.at best Bat homeCat heart Dat hand解析：考查词组。A.at best“充其量”；B.at home“在家”；C.at heart“内心里”；D.at hand“近在手边”。句意：美国人对不同类类型关系的开放性特征，使我们感觉到和新朋友在一起就像在家里一样。故选B。答案：BCloze 2(2017桂林第十八中学高三模拟)Footracing (竞走) is a popular activity in the United States.It is not only seen as a competitive sport，but also as a _1_ to exercise.Though _2_ runners may spend months training to compete，other runners and walkers might not train at all._3_ not competing to win might run in an effort to _4_ their own time，or _5_ to enjoy the fun and exercise.People of all _6_，from those less than one year old to those in their 80s，_7_ into this sport.The races are held on city streets，on college campuses，_8_ parks，and in suburban areas，and commonly 5 to 10 kilometres in _9_The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometre Bay to Breakers _10_ that is held in San Francisco every spring.This race _11_ on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the _12_ side at the Pacific Ocean.In 1993 there were 80，000 people _13_ in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco.In the _14_ are the serious runners who compete to win，and _15_ might finish in as little as 34 minutes.Behind them _16_ the thousands who take several hours to finish.In the back of the race are those who wear various clothing just for _17_There was a group of firefighters who were all _18_ in a long line and were carrying a fire-hose (消防水龙带)One year there was a wedding _19_，in which the bride dressed in a long white dress and the groom wore a tuxedo (晚礼服)They _20_ flowers to by-standers，and were actually married at some point along the route.【语篇解读】本文为说明文，说明了竞走在美国是一项流行的运动。1A.planBdesignCsport Dway解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文的“not only”和“but also”可知竞走不仅是一种竞赛体育项目，而且是一种锻炼的方式。答案：D2A.serious BamateurCfamous Dordinary解析：词义辨析题。根据下文的“training to compete”和“not train at all”判断应是“认真的、正式的”。答案：A3A.Others BTheseCThose DOnes解析：词义复现题。根据句意：那些参加比赛不是为了赢的人可能会跑以挤出时间，或者答案：C4A.save Bbeat Cwaste Dvalue解析：固定搭配题。beat ones time“挤出时间”。答案：B5A.finally BsimplyCpartly Dcertainly解析：词义辨析题。或者仅仅是为了享受乐趣或锻炼。simply“仅仅，简单地”。答案：B6A.ages BwalksCsorts Dnations解析：固定搭配题。of all ages“各个年龄段的”。答案：A7A.turn BlookCbreak Denter解析：固定搭配题。enter into this sport“报名参加这项运动”。答案：D8A.across BoverCthrough Don解析：上下逻辑题。根据空前后的介词短语判断应是这种运动可穿越公园。through“穿过”。答案：C9A.size BlengthCdepth Dheight解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文提到的竞走运动，和空前的“5 to 10 kilometres”判断应是在长度上。答案：B10A.race BcityCground Dceremony解析：词汇复现题。根据前文的“footrace”和下句的“race”可知应选比赛(race)。答案：A11A.holds BgoesCbegins Dcarries解析：上下逻辑题。根据下文的“ends”判断是开始。答案：C12A.north Bsouth Ceast Dwest解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文的“east side”判断此处是“west side”。答案：D13A.signing BhelpingCwatching Drunning解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文的“race”，应是1993年，有80，000人参加这项比赛，穿越旧金山的街道和山脉。答案：D14A.beginning BfrontCcourse Dprocess解析：固定搭配题。in the front在前面，相对于后面提到的Behind them和In the back of。答案：B15A.who Bwhat Cwhich Das解析：语法结构题。前文“who”引导的是定语从句，and连接的是并列的定语从句，后一个定语从句中也是缺少主语，也应用who引导。答案：A16A.stay BfallCare Dstand解析：语法结构题。题干中是介词短语放在句首的倒装句，主语为the thousands，系动词应用are。答案：C17A.fun BmedalCwin Dprize解析：固定搭配题。for fun“为了好玩”。根据前文的“various clothing”和前一段的“enjoy the fun”判断选A项。答案：A18A.wrapped BfollowedCseparated Dtied解析：词义辨析题。be tied in a line“一排并行”。答案：D19A.dinner BpartyCday Dinvitation解析：上下逻辑题。wedding party“婚礼”。答案：B20A.sold BpresentedCthrew Ddonated解析：上下逻辑题。根据下文的“by-standers”判断是向旁观者扔花。答案：CCloze 3(2017肇庆高三模拟)(导学号 58210033)It is always interesting and inspiring to observe human behavior.Some behavior_1_to be true to form more often than not.In the past years，we have always held a Christmas gift exchange at our house with at least ten of our_2_Each year，we all buy gifts_3_ in Christmas paper.When everyone is sitting around a_4_at home，all the gifts are piled in the middle of the floor.People choose a(n)_5_from a bowl that tells him or her when they can take their_6_to choose their gifts.The person with the number one can choose any_7_ and then，each person picks one in turns.Before they choose a gift，they have the_8_ of taking the gift from the former person._9_ when all numbers have chosen a gift，the person_10_the first number can then take a gift away from any other person.What is always interesting is_11_ each person as they choose a gift.What happens_12_usually happens more often than not.The biggest gift always gets chosen first.It is hardly the smallest gift，_13_is it the fanciest gift-wrapping.What does this tell us about most human_14_ ?Is the_15_always the best or worth the most? Is it that we think that something small is not worth as much or cannot_16_ our expectations?Human beings，in fact，appear_17_ all sorts of packaging and size.Some are bigger and some are smaller；some are dressed_18_ and some are dressed poorly.Behind every human trapping though_19_ unforeseen characteristics，talents，desires，hurts，pains and dreams.Just as Terry Josephson，a motivational speaker，says，“_20_ thinking in terms of limitations and start thinking in terms of possibilities.”【语篇解读】本文主要讲了通过在圣诞节的时候发礼物来观察每一个人的行为，这是很有趣的。1A.intends BhappensCseems Dremains解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.intends“打算”；B.happens“发生”；C.seems“似乎”；D.remains“仍然”。seem to be“似乎，好像”。故选C。答案：C2A.audience BfamilyCclass Dteam解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.audience“观众”；B.family“家庭”；C.class“班级”；D.team“队”。根据语境可知是我们的家人家庭。故选B。答案：B3A.covered BpiledChidden Dwrapped解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.covered“环绕”；B.piled“堆积”；C.hidden“隐藏”；D.wrapped“缠绕”。根据语境可知是缠在圣诞树上的礼物。故选D。答案：D4A.circle BdistanceCdirection Dtable解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.circle“循环”；B.distance“距离”；C.direction“方向”；D.table“桌子”。根据语境可知是每个人在家里坐着围成一圈。故选A。答案：A5A.tip BfortuneCnumber Ditem解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.tip“方法”；B.fortune“未来”；C.number“数量”；D.item“类别”。根据语境可知是人们选择一个数字。故选C。答案：C6A.chances BturnsCmeasures Dtime解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.chances“机会”；B.turns“转弯”；C.measures“方法”；D.time“时间”。take ones turn“轮流”，根据语境可知是轮流选择礼物。故选B。答案：B7A.gift BnumberCperson Dbowl解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.gift“礼物”；B.number“数字”；C.person“人”；D.bowl“碗”。根据语境可知是选择礼物。故选A。答案：A8A.desire BpatentCoption Dtalent解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.desire“愿望”；B.patent“父母”；C.option“选择”；D.talent“天赋”。have a option of“有的选择权”。根据空后“taking the gift from the former person”可知选C。答案：C9A.At the end BIn other wordsCBy the way DOn the contrary解析：考查短语以及对语境的理解。A.At the end“最后”；B.In other words“换句话说”；C.By the way“顺便说一下”；D.On the contrary“相反”。根据空后“when all number have chosen a gift”可知选A。答案：A10A.counting BholdingCoffering Dexchanging解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.counting“数”；B.holding“举行”；C.offering“提供”；D.exchanging“交换”。根据语境可知是拿着第一个号码的人。故选B。答案：B11A.persuading BaccompanyingCseeing Dwatching解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.persuading“劝说”；B.accompanying“陪伴”；C.seeing“看”；D.watching“观看”。句意：有趣的是当他们选择礼物时观察每一个人。故选D。答案：D12A.last BnextCfinally Dfirst解析：考查副词以及对语境的理解。A.last“最后”；B.next“接下来”；C.finally“最终”；D.first“首先”；句意：接下来发生的。故选B。答案：B13A.and BorCyet Dnor解析：考查副词以及对语境的理解。由hardly可知，这里是否定句，所以这里需用nor。故选D。答案：D14A.history BmindCbehavior Dcustom解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.history“历史”；B.mind“想法”；C.behavior“行为”；D.custom“习俗”；根据语境可知是大多数人的行为，故选C。答案：C15A.biggest BsmallestCcheapest Dheaviest解析：考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A.biggest“最大”；B.smallest“最小”；C.cheapest“最便宜”；D.heaviest“最重的”。根据空后“always the best or worth the most”可知选A。答案：A16A.catch up with Blive up toCget along with Dbreak away from解析：考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A.catch up with“赶上”；B.live up to“达到”；C.get along with“和友好相处”；D.break away from“打破”。句意：是不是小的东西达不到我们的期望。故选B。答案：B17A.with BonCin Dat解析：考查介词以及对语境的理解。in all sorts of是固定搭配。故选C。答案：C18A.privately BwealthilyCsimply Delegantly解析：考查副词以及对语境的理解。A.privately“私下”；B.wealthily“富有地”；C.simply“简单的”；D.elegantly“优雅的”。这里的意思是：有些人穿得很优雅，有些人穿得很破旧。故选D。答案：D19A.lies BcontainsCdisappears Doccurs解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.lies“位于”；B.contains“包含”；C.disappears“消失”；D.occurs“发生”。这里是位于的意思。故选A。答案：A20A.Remember BBeginCKeep DStop解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.Remember“记得”；B.Begin“开始”；C.Keep“保持”；D.Stop“停止”。这里的意思是：不要在想局限性，要首先想想可能性。故选D。答案：DCloze 4(2017广州高三综合测试)(导学号 58210034)Eco-tourism involves people traveling to beautiful but environmental sensitive places.Such trips are_1_ carried out with an experienced guide.Over recent years，this type of travel has been steadily gaining_2_ as more people search for new travel experiences.Eco-tourism has many benefits.First，all the_3_spent by the tourists is used to_4_the important environmental spots they visit.Second，it helps_5_to better understand the environment，thereby_6_their knowledge of the world.Furthermore，this style of travel is also more_7_of the local culture.Compared to_8_tourists，eco-tourists use energy more efficiently，save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to_9_it.These behaviours have a_10_and lasting effect on the local environment.Two things are needed to make eco-tourism a/an_11_.First，it should be done in small groups.And second，because it requires considerable effort，both eco-tourists and locals must be_12_ in their commitment to improving the environment.Green travel provides local people with jobs in parks，_13_and shops.One great achievement of eco-tourism has been the_14_of illegal hunting.Former hunters can now work as guides to help keep the animals_15_in their natural surroundings.Green travel also_16_local peoples quality of life，especially childrens.Peru is one country using eco-tourism to promote respect for the_17_Its now able to take better care of its rainforests because of a/an_18_on more sustainable (可持续的) travel._19_ this，local peoples living-standards have improved.Many others are now following Perus_20_ and using eco-tourism to preserve their environment for the future generations.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。近几年生态旅游越来越受到大家的青睐，文章重点陈述了生态旅游的好处。1A.finally BusuallyCsuddenly Droughly解析：根据下文“Over recent years，this type of travel has been steadily gaining”可知，这样的旅行通常在有经验的导游帮助下进行。A项意为“终于”；B项意为“通常”；C项意为“突然”；D项意为“粗糙地”。故B项正确。答案：B2A.pleasure BsatisfactionCpopularity Dfreedom解析：根据下文“more people search for new travel experiences”可知，更多的人寻求新的旅游体验，所以这种旅行受到大家的欢迎。A项意为“快乐，令人高兴的事”；B项意为“满意”；C项意为“普及，受欢迎”；D项意为“自由”。故C项正确。答案：C3A.money Btime Cenergy Deffort解析：根据下文“is used to_ the important environmental spots they visit”可知，游客所花的钱被用于重要的生态景点。A项意为“金钱”；B项意为“时间”；C项意为“精力”；D项意为“努力”。故A项正确。答案：A4A.pollute BprotectCpurchase Dexplore解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，游客所花的钱被用来保护生态景点。A项意为“污染”；B项意为“保护”；C项意为“购买”；D项意为“探索”。故B项正确。答案：B5A.scientists Bhunters Cguides Dvisitors解析：根据常识可知，应该是生态旅游有助于游客更好地了解自然环境。A项意为“科学家”；B项意为“猎人”；C项意为“向导”；D项意为“游客”。故D项正确。答案：D6A.approving BconfirmingCenriching Dsupporting解析：根据上文“better understand the environment，thereby”可知，生态旅游帮助游客更好地了解自然环境，因此能够丰富他们的知识。A项意为“批准”；B项意为“确认”；C项意为“丰富”；D项意为“支持”。故C项正确。答案：C7A.respectful BawareCuncertain Dindependent解析：根据上文可知，生态旅游帮助游客了解、保护自然环境，对当地的文化是一种尊重。A项意为“尊敬的”；B项意为“意识到的，知晓的”；C项意为“不确信的”；D项意为“独立的”。故A项正确。答案：A8A.rich BcuriousClazy Dnormal解析：根据空格前的“Compared to”及语境可知，此处指与一般游客相比，生态游客能更有效地使用资源、节约用水等。A项意为“富有的”；B项意为“好奇的”；C项意为“懒惰的”；D项意为“一般的，正常的”。故D项正确。答案：D9A.use BrecycleCcopy Drestrict解析：根据语境可知，他们想办法循环利用资源，目的是减少垃圾的产生。A项意为“使用”；B项意为“循环利用”；C