2017年高考英语大冲刺备考“最后30天”专题六动词的时态和语态.docx

专题六 动词的时态和语态例 题试题1 考查易混时态辨析Im calling about the apartment you _ the other day. Could you tell me more about it?Aadvertised Bhad advertised Care advertising Dwill advertise【解析】本题考查时态。句意：我打电话是为前几天你打广告的一所公寓。你能告诉我更多的内容吗？根据时间状语the other day 可知句子要用一般过去时态。例 题试题2 考查时态语态【答案】AUnless extra money_, the theatre will close.A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found【解析】本题考查的是时态和语态的结合。句意：除非找到另外的投资，否则这个电影院就将被关闭。本句中 Unless 引导的是一个条件状语从句，使用一般现在时态代替将来时态，后面的主句使用将来时态。根据句意可知money 和find 构成被动关系，所以也要使用被动语态。 基础回归【答案】C动词的时态和语态主动被动常用时间状语一般现在时do/doesam/is /are + doneoften, always, usually, every day, sometimes等一般过去时didwas/were + doneyesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now等一般将来时shall/will + doam/is/are going to doshill/will +be +doneam/is/are going to be donesoon, next week, tomorrow,等现在进行时am/is/are + doingam/is/are + being + donenow, at the moment, always等现在完成时have/has + donehave/ has +been + donerecently, lately, so far, just, already, yet, in the past/last ten/few years等过去将来时would + dowould be donethe next week等过去完成时had +donehad been doneby表示过去的过去过去进行时was/were + doingwas/were + being + donefrom 9 to 10,when,at seven last night, while等现在完成进行时have/has+ been+doing无被动these days等表示从过去某一点到现在一直在过去完成进行时had+ been+ doing无被动表示过去的过去一直在将来完成时shall/will +have doneshall/will+have been done一般用by+将来的时间或by the time, before或when等引导的副词从句将来进行时shall/will +be +doingshall/will be being donesoon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening等动词的种类1）主+系动词（be/look/sound/smell/taste/get/turn/become/grow/keep）+表语2）主语+不及物动词3）主语+及物动词+宾语4）主语+及物动词+双宾语（人，物）5）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补（宾语与宾补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系）只有及物动词才有被动语态例句：1）一般现在时 People speak English all over the world. English is spoken all over the word.2)一般过去时 When I was a child ,I often played football in the street. Wherever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.在布朗一家旅游期间无论到哪都受到热情的欢迎。3)一般将来时 What are you going to do?=What will you do? What is going to be done?=What will be done?4)现在进行时 They are having a meeting.(注意have ，let没有被动语态) She is always changing clothes.她老是换衣服。（表示责怪） He is always working hard.他工作总是很努力。（表示赞扬）5.）现在完成时 I have seen the film many times. The film has been seen many times. Great changes have taken place in the past/last 30 years.在过去的30年中国发生了巨大的变化。6）过去将来时 He said he would finish the work soon. He said the work would be finished soon.7) 过去完成时 By the end of last term we had finished the book. By the end of last term the book had been finished. 8）过去进行时 What were you doing at nine last night? The radio was being repaired when you called me.9) 现在完成进行时 What have you been doing these days? 这几天你一直在干什么？ I have been reading a book. 我一直在看一本书。10 过去完成进行时 I received the letter (which/that) I had been expecting.我收到了我一直在等的信。11) 将来完成时 We will have learned more than 3000 English words by the end of this year.到今年年底我们将学了3000个英语单词。12）将来进行时 -At 10 tomorrow morning I will come to see you. -明天早晨10点我来看你。 规范训练 -No. I will be having a meeting at that time tomorrow. -不行。明天那时候我将正在开会。选择题（25分/25min）1. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 1820.A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken【解析】飞机、火车等按时刻表运行，表达时用一般现在时表将来。【答案】A2. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She before.A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying【解析】hadnt flown动作发生在was nervous之前。【答案】C3. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months and then went to America.A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working【解析】考查一般过去时的基本用法。句中并列连词and连接两个发生在过去的顺承的动作，时态应该一致。【答案】A4. - Your job _ open for your return. - Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept【解析】keep the job使工作、职位等处于空缺状态，由句意“随时欢迎你回来工作”可知用将来时。【答案】A5. - _ you _ him around the museum yet? -Yes. We had a great time there.A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show【解析】此处表示说话者询问对方“有没有带领他参观博物馆”的结果，故用现在完成时。【答案】A6. - I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening. - Impossible. She _ TV with me in my home then.A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching【解析】考查动词时态。句意为：“我昨晚8点钟在公园看见简和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她当时正在我家和我一起看电视。”此处时间状语为then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指过去某一时间点正在进行的动作，故应用过去进行时态。【答案】D7. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time.A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell【解析】由“were so.”可知此处用一般过去时态；flowers应该是“被卖光”，故用被动形式。【答案】C8. - Whats that noise? - Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested【解析】根据一对一的问答可知，“机器正在被检测”，故选C项。【答案】C9. In a room above the store，where a party _, some workers were busily setting the table.A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据“some workers were busily setting the table”判断，聚会还没举行，应用将来时态，且整个句子用了过去时，故用过去将来时态。【答案】A10. - I have got a headache.- No wonder. You _ in front of that computer too long.A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked【解析】考查动词的时态。由“I have got a headache”可知，空处应用现在完成进行时表示动作“从过去开始持续至今且还会进行下去”，体现过去开始的动作对现在的影响及结果。【答案】C11. Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off【解析】考查动词的时态。动词go，come，leave及词组take off等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。【答案】B12. John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he _ for the wedding.A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned【解析】plan表示的动作发生在spend这一过去动作之前，故应该用过去完成时。句意为：我的朋友约翰上周结婚了，婚礼花去了3,000美元，超过了原计划。【答案】D13. - Did you see a man in black pass by just now?- No, sir. I _ a newspaper.A. read B. was reading C. would read D. am reading【解析】由just now判断应用过去时态，又由语境“穿黑衣服的人路过时，我正在看报，所以没看见他”知空处要用过去进行时。【答案】B14. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there several years ago.A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been【解析】句中several years ago是一般过去时的标志。【答案】C15. - Have you got any job offers?- No. I _.A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting【解析】句意为：“有人给你提供工作了吗？”“没有，我正在等着。”用现在进行时态表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。【答案】D16. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _ safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive【解析】此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“已经”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来，因此A和D同时排除，C为过去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此C也排除，选择B。【答案】B17. - Tommy is planning to buy a car. - I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one.A. saves B .saved C. will save D. will have saved【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“Tommy将计划买车。我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来next month之前完成“积攒足够钱”的动作，对将来的时间next month产生影响，能买一辆旧车。故选D。【答案】D18. - That must have been a long trip. - Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“那一定是长途旅行。是的，我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情况，排除A和B，D项was taking进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此选C。【答案】C19. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _ there.A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。【答案】A20. Planning so far ahead no sense-so many things will have changed by next year.A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。【答案】C21. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four fifths of the tickets _ . A. was booked B. had been bookedC. were booked D. have been booked【解析】本题考查book作为动词的用法和过去完成时被动形式（had been done）。book预定（房间、票等）,这里票与预定是被动关系。根据本题语境：经理进入办公室，很高兴获悉五分之四的票已经被预定了，票被预定是在进入办公室之前，所以用过去完成时被动形式。【答案】B22