辽宁省新民市第一高级中学2018_2019学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）.docx

2018-2019学年度高一上学期期中考试英语试卷时间:100分钟 满分:120分(权重150)第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解：（共两节，满分40分）第一节：(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMore than a hundred years ago, two boys were fishing in a small river. They sat in a heavy-bottomed boat, each holding a long, bent pole in his hands and eagerly waiting for “a bite”. When they wanted to move the boat from one place to another they had to push against a long pole into the bottom of the stream.“This is slow work, Robert,” said the older of the boys. “Yes, Christopher, and its hard work, too.” answered Robert. “I think theres some better way of moving a boat.”Christopher advised rowing it and Robert promised to make some paddles (桨). The next day Roberts aunt heard a great noise in her house. The two boys were there, busily working. “What are you making, Robert?” she asked. He told his plan. His aunt laughed and said, “Well done! I hope youll succeed.”After much work, they succeeded in making two paddle wheels. They were very rough, but strong and usable. They fixed each of these wheels to the end of an iron rod (长杆) which they passed through the boat from side to side. The rod was bent in the middle. When the work was finished, the old fishing boat looked rather strange, with a paddle wheel on each side. The boys lost no time in trying it. One of the boys could guide the boat while the other turned the paddle wheels.That night when Christopher went home, he told his father a wonderful story. “Robert Fulton planned the whole thing,” he said, “and I helped him make the paddles and put them on the boat.” When Robert Fulton became a man, he didnt forget his experiment with the old fishing boat. He kept on thinking and working, until at last he succeeded in making a boat with paddle wheels that could be run by steam. Hes now honored as the inventor of the steamboat.1. How did the two boys move their heavy boat at first?A. By moving two paddle wheels. B. By pushing two paddles in the water.C. By using a long pole in the water. D. By moving their hands in the water.2. What did Roberts aunt do when she knew about his plan?A. She helped Robert work on it. B. She didnt care about Robert.C. She laughed at Robert much. D. She wished Robert success.3. The underlined words “a wonderful story” in the last paragraph may refer to _.A. the invention of paddle wheels B. Christophers successful planC. Christophers skill in guiding the boat D. the old fishing boat【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了蒸汽船的发明者Robert小时候和朋友Christopher一起发明和制作浆轮的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When they wanted to move the boat from one place to another they had to push against a long pole into the bottom of the stream.”可知，他们用一根长杆来移动船，故C项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He told his plan. His aunt laughed and said, “Well done! I hope youll succeed.”可知，听到Robert的计划后，他的姑姑希望他能成功，故D项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据画线部分后的“Robert Fulton planned the whole thing,” he said, “and I helped him make the paddles and put them on the boat.”可知，Christopher告诉爸爸的就是Robert发明浆轮的故事，故A项正确。BEvery summer, the Serengeti plains (平原) of Africa are worth visiting. Millions of wild animals begin their 1,800-mile journey northwards on their annual migratory (迁移的) route.In the month of November, polar bears in their thousands cross the Canadian Arctic, as they head towards the ice sheets of Hudson Bay. The sea ice that forms every winter is the key to the bears managing to exist, for here they hunt for seals (海豹).The Great Bustard, one of the heaviest flying birds, migrates each year across Europe and Asia to its wintering grounds. Unluckily, these and other migratory animals are in danger from human activity.We have written several articles on climate change and the effect of rising ocean temperatures. Since 1979, ice sheets in the Arctic have gone down by 30 percent. What does this mean for polar bears? They are forced to stay on land for longer periods of time, which delays their search for food. As a result, bears today are 60 pounds lighter than what they were. Besides, smaller bears also produce weaker babies, and their chances of survival are at risk. In the plains of Africa, migratory animals like gazelles are traveling long distances for food, just to avoid falling prey (牺牲品) to humans who hunt them.In an unusual step, experts from 120 countries have agreed to protect 31 migratory mammals, fish and birds. The United Nations 11th annual Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) was held in Quito, Ecuador. For the first time, 900 experts attended the conference, and the enthusiastic support shows the world is united in conservation (保护) efforts.What does getting on a protected list mean? Countries that have signed the agreement will be required to pass laws locally and work with other countries that fall within the animals migratory path. Only one animal did not make the list. The African lion was rejected (拒绝) for lack of information of the countries where it lives.4. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Great Bustard is one of the largest flying birds.B. The weight of polar bears today is lighter than what it was.C. In the 1970s, ice sheets went down by 30 percent.D. 120 experts have agreed to protect 21 migratory animals.5. Why was the African lion not included in the list from the passage?A. We dont know which countries it lives in.B. It isnt a migratory animal.C. Experts were not interested in this animal.D. It was not traveling long distances for food.6. The writer writes this passage aiming to _.A. let us know about the animalsB. prevent the rare animals from dying outC. inform us of the effects of climate changeD. draw our attention to helping the migratory animals7. All these factors have probably put the migratory animals in danger EXCEPT _.A. some human activity B. the enthusiastic support from expertsC. rising ocean temperatures D. climate change【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇生态环保类说明文，介绍了很多野生动物在迁徙途中遭受人类的捕杀或受到人类活动的影响导致数量急剧下降，在联合国第11届野生动物迁徙物种年度保护大会上，专家们呼吁世界各国联合起来保护迁徙物种。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a result, bears today are 60 pounds lighter than what they were.”可知，现在北极熊的体重比原来少了60磅，故B项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Only one animal did not make the list. The African lion was rejected for lack of information of the countries where it lives. ”可知，非洲狮没有在名单之内是因为我们不知道它们生活在哪些国家，故A项正确。【6题详解】文章意图题。通读文章可知，文章介绍了很多野生动物在迁徙途中遭受人类的捕杀或受到人类活动的影响导致数量急剧下降，在联合国第11届野生动物迁徙物种年度保护大会上，专家们呼吁世界各国联合起来保护迁徙物种，由此可知本文的目的是引起人们的注意来帮助迁徙动物，故D项正确。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We have written several articles on climate change and the effect of rising ocean temperatures.”及“In the plains of Africa, migratory animals like gazelles are traveling long distances for food, just to avoid falling prey to humans who hunt them.”可知，气候变化、海洋温度上升以及人类活动都是威胁迁徙物种的因素，专家的支持则是为了保护它们，故B项正确。【点睛】“人与自然的和谐发展”是时代的主题，生态环保的话题也越来越多地出现在阅读理解中，常见的热点题材主要有人与自然的生态现状环境保护以及濒危动物保护等。这类题材文章的目的是引起人们对自然的关注，例如本篇第3题，文章介绍了很多野生动物在迁徙途中遭受人类的捕杀或受到人类活动的影响导致数量急剧下降，在联合国第11届野生动物迁徙物种年度保护大会上，专家们呼吁世界各国联合起来保护迁徙物种，由此可见文章的目的当然是引起人们的注意来帮助迁徙动物。CEvery morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work. Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home. And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep. Can we imagine life without paper or print?Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago, and has been made from silk, cotton, bamboo, and, since the 19th century, from wood. People learned to write words on paper to make a book. But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand. As a result, they were expensive and rare. And because there werent many books, few people learned to read.Then printing was invented in China. When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. As a result, more people learned to read. After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly.Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books, and information can be kept on CD-ROMs or machines such as MP3 players.Computers are already used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can already be read online. So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I dont think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two metres high!8. What does the writer do before he goes to sleep?A. He reads books. B. He reads newspapersC. He looks at the posters on the wall. D. He looks through magazines9. What happened after books became cheaper?A. People didnt want to buy books. B. Printing was invented in China.C. The Internet was introduced to people soon D. Knowledge and ideas spread quickly.10. What is the writers opinion about books and computers?A. Books wont be replaced by computers.B. People wont need books any moreC. People prefer to find information in books.D. Computers have already replaced books.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由每晚睡觉前看卧室中的海报入手，介绍了图书的发展史，纸刚被发明的时候很贵，很少人学习读书，后来印刷术的发明降低了图书的生产成本，更多人学习读书，知识和思想也迅速传播，虽然电脑的发明让人们可以在线阅读，但是作者认为图书不会被电脑取代。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep.”可知，每天晚上睡觉前，作者都会看有姚明和贝克汉姆照片的海报，故C项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. As a result, more people learned to read. After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly. ”可知，印刷术的发明使图书生产变得便宜快捷，此后，知识和思想传播得更快，故C项正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I dont think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two metres high!”可知，作者以诙谐的口气表明了他的态度书不会被电脑取代，故A项正确。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If youve ever had a nightmare (噩梦), youre not alone. _11_ A nightmare is a bad dream. It can make you feel scared, anxiousor upset.Why do I get nightmares?Stressful things that happen during the day can turn dreams into nightmares. Nightmaresmay be a way to reduce the pressures of the day. Sometimes major changes can cause stress that leads to nightmares. Another thing that may cause nightmares is watching scary movies or reading scary books, especially before you go to bed._12_How can I prevent nightmares?Although it is normal to have a nightmare once in a while, there are some methods you can try to get nightmares under control.Get into a healthy sleep routine (习惯)._13_Avoid eating or exercising just before bedtime. Avoid scary books or movies before bedtime.Use a nightlight. With a nightlight, if you awake from a nightmare, youll be able to see familiar things and remember where you are.Keep your door open. _14_ If you are scared, get up and find someone for reassurance (安心). Youre never too old for a hug!What if the nightmares dont go away?Most of the time, nightmares are not a big problem. It often helps to tell a trusted adult about your bad dreams. _15_ Sometimes it helps to keep a dream journal, a notebook in which you describe the dreams you can remember. If you have frequent nightmares, you and your parentsmight want to see a doctor to help you deal with your bad dreams.A. You can go to bed about the same time and wake up at the same time every day.B. Nightmares are not real and they cannot hurt you.C. But sometimes you might have a nightmare for no reason at all.D. This will help you remember that your family is close by.E. The amount of sleep a person needs depends a lot on his or her age.F. Just talking about what happened might make you feel better.G. Almost everyone gets them once in a while -adults, as well as kids.【答案】11. G 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. F【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何应对做噩梦的几点建议。【11题详解】根据本空前的“If youve ever had a nightmare, youre not alone.”可知，不止你一个人做噩梦，人人都会做噩梦，故G项（几乎每个人都有这样的时候大人和小孩都有）符合语境。【12题详解】根据本段小标题和本空前的内容可知，此处承接上文，讲的是做噩梦的原因，故C项（但是，有时你也会无缘无故地做噩梦）符合语境。【13题详解】根据本空前的“Get into a healthy sleep routine”可知，此处讲的是一种健康的睡眠习惯，故A项（你可以每天同一时间睡觉和起床）符合语境。【14题详解】根据本空前的“Keep your door open.”及本空后的“If you are scared, get up and find someone for reassurance”可知，此处讲的是让门开着的好处，故D项（这会帮助你记住家人就在附近）符合语境。【15题详解】根据本空前的“It often helps to tell a trusted adult about your bad dreams.”可知，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于和一个值得信任的人谈谈噩梦的内容，故F项（只是谈谈发生什么就会让你感觉更好）符合语境。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.A heart-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ask her boss for a raise in salary. All day she felt _16_. Late in the afternoon she gathered the _17_to approach her employer. To her _18_, the boss agreed to a raise.The woman arrived home that _19_ and saw a beautiful table set with their best dishes. Candles were softly glowing. Her husband had come home early and prepared a festive _20_. She wondered if someone from the _21_ had told it to him, or did he just somehow know that she would not get _22_?She found him in the kitchen and told him the good _23_. They hugged and kissed, then sat down to the wonderful meal. Next to her plate the woman _24_ a beautifully lettered note. It read, “Congratulations, darling! I knew youd get the _25_! These things will tell you how much I love you.”Following the supper, her husband went into the kitchen to _26_ up. She noticed that a second card had _27_ from his pocket. Picking it off the floor, she read, “Dont _28_ not getting the raise! You deserve it _29_! These things will tell you how much I love you.” Someone has said that the _30_of love is when you love without measure. What this man feels for his wife is total _31_ and love, whether she succeeds or _32_. His love celebrates her victories and calms her _33_. He stands with her, no matter what _34_ throws in their direction.Upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Mother Teresa said, “What can you do to _35_world peace? Go home and love your family.” And love your friends. Love them without measure.16. A. nervous B. pleased C. calm D. angry17. A. spirit B. strength C. courage D. money18. A. fear B. delight C. sorrow D. disappointment19. A. week B. morning C. afternoon D. evening20. A. meal B. gift C. party D. list21. A. shop B. home C. office D. restaurant22. A. kept out B. turned down C. set aside D. put off23. A. position B. income C. news D. job24. A. found B. wrote C. designed D. read25. A. note B. salary C. present D. raise26. A. eat B. sweep C. clean D. cut27. A. hung B. left C. climbed D. fallen28. A. worry about B. get through C. end up D. take up29. A. somewhere B. anyway C. however D. instead30. A. price B. measure C. method D. means31. A. expression B. operation C. acceptance D. reaction32. A. suffers B. fails C. falls D. loses33. A. disease B. problem C. habit D. pain34. A. life B. family C. duty D. work35. A. protect B. defend C. challenge D. help【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了丈夫为加薪成功的妻子准备了一顿浪漫的烛光晚餐，他掉在地上的卡片表明即使妻子加薪没有成功也值得拥有这顿烛光晚餐，他这么做是想让她知道自己有多爱她，与加不加薪无关，这个故事告诉我们爱一个人的限度是无条件地去爱，无论生活中出现什么问题，都要支持他，给他完全的包容和理解。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nervous紧张的；B. pleased高兴的；C. calm冷静的；D. angry生气的。根据本空前的“A heart-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ask her boss for a raise in salary.”可知，员工要求老板给自己加薪肯定是非常紧张的，故A选项切题。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. spirit精神；B. strength力量；C. courage勇气；D. money金钱。上文说她很紧张，下午她终于鼓起勇气去找老板，故C选项切题。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. delight高兴；C. sorrow悲伤；D. disappointment失望。根据本空后的“the boss agreed to a raise.”可知，让她高兴的是，老板同意给她加薪，故B选项切题。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. week星期；B. morning早晨；C. afternoon下午；D. evening傍晚。根据本空后的“and saw a beautiful table set with their best dishes.”可知，傍晚到家后她看到一张漂亮的桌子，上面摆着好吃的饭菜，故D选项切题。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. meal饭菜；B. gift礼物；C. party聚会；D. list名单。桌子上摆着好吃的菜，这是丈夫回来准备的一桌美食，故A选项切题。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. shop商店；B. home家；C. office办公室；D. restaurant饭馆。根据本空后的“had told it to him”可知，她想是不是办公室里的某个同事告诉了丈夫自己加薪的事情，故C选项切题。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。kept out阻止进入；B. turned down拒绝、调低； C. set aside撤销、不顾；D. put off推迟。她想是不是办公室里的某个同事告诉了丈夫自己加薪的事情，要不然他是怎么知道自己不会被拒绝加薪呢？故B选项切题。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. position职位；B. income收入；C. news消息、新闻；D. job工作。根据本空前的“She found him in the kitchen and told him the good”可知，她跑到厨房告诉丈夫自己加薪的好消息，故C选项切题。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. found发现、找；B. wrote写；C. designed设计；D. read读。根据本空后的“a beautifully lettered note”可知，在她的盘子旁边，她发现一张字迹优美的便条，故A选项切题。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. note便条；B. salary薪水；C. present礼物；D. raise上升、加薪。上文说老板同意给她加薪，此处是说我知道你加薪了，故D选项切题。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. eat吃；B. sweep擦；C. clean打扫；D. cut切。根据本空前的“Following the supper, her husband went into the kitchen to”可知，吃完晚餐后，丈夫去厨房打扫，故C选项切题。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. hung悬挂；B. left离开、留下；C. climbed爬；D. fallen掉，跌落。根据本空后的“from his pocket. Picking it off the floor”可知，一张卡片从丈夫的兜里掉在地板上，故D选项切题。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. worry about担心；B. get through通过、熬过；C. end up结束；D. take up从事、占据。根据本空后的“not getting the raise!”可知，上面写着：不要担心没有加薪，故A选项切题。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. somewhere某地；B. anyway无论如何；C. however然而；D. instead反而。不要担心没有加薪，无论如何你都值得拥有这顿烛光晚餐，故B选项切题。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. price价格；B. measure措施、尺度；C. method方法；D. means方法。根据本空后的“of love is when you love without measure.”可知，有人说爱的限度是无条件去爱，故B选项切题。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. expression表达；B. operation手术；C. acceptance接受、包容；D. reaction反应。根据本空后的“and love, whether she succeeds or”可知，这个男人给了妻子完全的包容和爱，不管她是成功还是失败，故C选项切题。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. s