2010河北中考英语研讨会.ppt

1,以纲为本，科学备考，挑战高分,梁 怀 民 河北基教考试研究中心,2,方向比努力重要 能力比知识重要,3,1.研究课标； 2.研究考试说明； 3.研究近五年河北省的中考试题。 目的：知己知彼，高效复习，科学应试。,4,命题原则 1、要根据课程标准来确定考察内容与标准，不拘泥于教材。依纲不靠本 2、要着重考查学生的综合语言用运能力 3、要充分考虑学生实际生活和身心发展水平,5,命题原则 4、要选用真实、地道的语言素材，根据语言实际使用情形命题 5、要确保实体的信度和效度，杜绝繁、偏、旧的试题，控制题量 6、要根据试题的考察目的和考察重点，科学、合理地制定评分标准(体现在主观题上) 。,6,突出语篇，强调应用，注重交际。 “语言运用”能力是中考英语所考查的重点，单项填空考查考生在理解题干内容的基础上对词汇或语法知识的掌握情况；完形填空强调考查在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况；阅读理解部分则从不同的角度考查考生对书面语言的接受能力；,7,试卷难度 ：,理想难度： 0.65 实际难度：0.59 易：中：难 3： 5： 2,8,河北省中考英语试题结构,9,听力试题特点,选材以口语材料为主； 突出交际功能； 考查学生获取信息、推理判断和正确应答的能力。 以贴近学生生活的热点话题为主。,10,听力热点话题,11,听力部分,听句子，选信息 例题1：2007-5. （0.6-0.69） A. The first bus was late. B. He arrived home on time. C. He was not late for school. Though he didnt catch the first bus, he came to school on time.,12,2008年此题的难度均小于0.80 例题2：2009-4 难度约0.18，通过率不足20%。 4. A. Im leaving by air. B. Toms leaving by air. C. Theyre leaving together by air. Tom, Ill go to the airport to see you off tomorrow. See sb. off 没学到或讲到,13,II.听句子，选答语 例题1.2007-4 9. A. Its a pleasure. B. You are right. C. OK. Sorry! 9. Excuse me. Could you turn down your radio, please?,14,例题2 2008-8 8. A. I guess so. B. I dont think so. C. I am happy for you. 8. Tony, guess what? Ill go to Europe with my mom next week. 有的未听懂内容，有的未抓住主要信息。,15,例题3：2009-9,9. A. Be careful! B. Never mind. C. Not at all. 9. Im sorry for losing your book. 对一些习语掌握不牢固,16,(5)道歉(Apologies) A. Sorry. Im sorry. Excuse me, please. I beg your pardon. I m sorry for losing your book. Im sorry to interrupt you. Im sorry (that) Im late. B. Thats OK. Its all right. Never mind. It doesnt matter. Its nothing. * Forget it.,17,III. 听对话，选答案 15. What are they talking about? 2007-15,15. W: This wine tastes a little bit strange. M: It is. Its made from apples. W: From apples? I thought wine is made from grapes. M: This is a special wine. I made it myself. Q: What are they talking about?,18,例题2 2008-12 12. Who is answering the phone? A. Mary. B. John. C. Betty. 12. W: Good morning. Betty speaking. M: Hello. This is John. May I speak to Mary? W: Im sorry, but she isnt in. Q: Who is answering the phone? 要了解打电话的习惯。,19,例题2 2009-11 11. What are they talking about? A. A job. B. A test. C. A text. 11. M: Hi, Lisa. Guess what? I got 95 on my math test! W: Wow, good job! Congratulations! Q: What are they talking about? 要抓住主要内容和主要信息。,20,IV.听短文、对话和问题，选择正确答案 例题1 2007-19 19. Where is the new library? A. Near the museum. B. In London School. C. On Ocean Road. Its on Culture Road, next to the museum, between London School and Ocean Theatre. 要注意同义句信息。,21,IV.听短文、对话和问题，选择正确答案 2008-16 16. What season do you think it is now? A. Its summer. B. Its winter. C. Its spring. W: Thats a great idea! Where do you want to go? M: To the beach. W: The beach in the winter? 没有认真捕捉原文重点信息，从个人经验出发。,22,V.听短文填空 例题1 2007-77 通过率18% 77. Mr. Zhang will give the students a talk on how to _ better. Mr. Zhang Jian from Huaxi Police Station will give us a talk on how to protect ourselves better. 通过句式转换后的间接信息填写是本题的难点。,23,例题2 2008-74 难度0.44 整体难度：0.47 74. The students are asked to take while listening to the talk. Well, Id like you to take notes while listening to the talk. 信息为直接信息，题干进行了变化。 单词拼写要扎实。（notes, role, seeoff）,24,听力解题技巧 1. 利用试听, 调整情绪 2. 快速浏览, 预测内容 3. 捕捉信息, 速记要点 4. 概括分析, 当机立断 5. 复查信息，先填后涂,25,听力应试策略 1. 以口语的形式培养听力能力。 2. 精听与泛听相结合。 3. 老师要养成在课堂上尽量说英语的习惯。 “Speak English if possible，speak Chinese if necessary.” 4. 养成听写语段的习惯。,26,单项填空 由近三年的中考卷来看，选择题的发展方向为： 1. 知识点覆盖比较全面，纯知识性的题比例减少，能力分析题增多。 2. 由单句向情景发展。 3. 考理解，考语用的试题相继出现。,27,22个语言考试项目 1、代词 （人称、物主、不定） 2、名词 (复数、所有格) 3、形容词（比较级、最高级） 4、副词（比较级、最高级） 5、连词 6、介词、介词短语 7、动词不定式 8、反译疑问句 9、动词的各种时态（一般现在，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时。理解：过去完成时） 10、宾语从句 11、时间状语从 句 12、条件状语从句 13、被动语态（一般现在，过去，将来，含有情态动词） 14、动词短语 15、主谓一致 16、理解 17. _ing 形式 18. 情态动词 19. 定语从句 20. it 的用法 21. 语序 22、there be句型,28,测试热点,29,单项选择 2007-27，31，34难度均在0.4-0.49之间 31. Dont just believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is _ it says. A. as good as B. not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as,30,27. Can you find New York _ this map of America? A. in B. at C. of D. on 34. _ pretty your dress is! Where did you get it? A. How B. How a C. What D. What a,31,2008-31难度在0.4-0.49之间，28，30，40在0.59-0.5 31. David jumped _ in the long jump. He won the game! A. longest B. farthest C. fastest D. highest,32,28，30，40在0.59-0.50之间 30. Susan will not arrive at the airport on time _ she hurries up. A. once B. if C. when D. unless,33,28，30，40在0.59-0.50之间 28. I tried several jackets on, but _ of them looked good. A. both B. either C. none D. neither 40. You are growing so fast. Can you tell me _ now? A. how fast are you B. how fast you are C. how tall are you D. how tall you are,34,2009-28，38，37约在0.69-0.50之间整体难度在0.75左右 38. Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he _. A. will arrive B. was arriving C. arrives D. arrived 28. Is there any difference between your idea and _? A. he B. his C. she D. her 37. The news _ very interesting! Tell me more! A. is B. are C. were D. was 对过去时态的理解涉及四道试题：38，37，42，45,35,单项选择试题解题指导,1.单选题的发展趋势是简单化，基本上一题一点； 2.语境化特征比较明显，对无空句的关注是解题关键； 3.培养学生对命题人意图的揣摩也很关键。,36,单项选择试题应试策略,1.语法复习要减肥瘦身,不要占去一轮复习太长的时间； 2.老师要汇总学生的易错试题，和学生一起研究对策； 3.将考点变为句子，让学生反复朗读。(14) 4. 少做题，做真题，北方题。,37,完形填空,38,完形填空特点,1.突出语篇的理解，10个小题中有三分之 二；的选项考查语篇理解； 2. 首句不挖空； 3. 选项设置不考语法； 4. 题目选项以考察实词为主; 5. 逾越句子层次的选项占一半多； 6. 难度近两年居高不下。,39,2008- 43，47 难度0.24，0.23 43. A. safe B. nice C. funny D. difficult 47. A. marks B. parts C. words D. letters,40,完形填空,2008-43，47 难度0.24，0.23 These days, it is easier for us to travel to other countries than ever before. However, there is a big difficulty that most of us 41 when we meet people in other countrieswe cannot communicate with them. There are 42 where English is still not spoken, though it is the most widely known language. So, wouldnt it be 43 if there was one language that could be understood by anyone anywhere in the world? For example, it does not have silent 47 like the “h” in “honest”. 43. A. safe B. nice C. funny D. difficult 47. A. marks B. parts C. words D. letters 错误选项高达一半,41,2009完形填空,Stone is all around us. Stone is usually very hard, 46 it can also be soft. Stones have many uses. In some 47 , artists carve (雕刻) beautiful things out of soft stones, because they can be shaped easily. In ancient times, people carved 48 persons or animals out of soft stones, which could be carried along with. While in some European countries, statues (雕塑) are carved 49 hard stones and they do not change easily. In summer, the hot sun 50 on these statues and in winter the snow falls on them, but they 51 remain beautiful. Stone is strong and long-lasting. So, it is 52 enough for buildings. A house built of stone does not catch fire as easily as 53 made of wood. Some stones are coloured, so they make the 54 look wonderful. People can also get a fire with stones. Besides, some kinds of stones can be used to 55 jewellery (珠宝). Weve found stones are really amazing.,42,46. A. and B. but C. or D. so 0.96 47. A. countries B. cities C. factories D. parks 48. A. young B. old C. small D. big 0.58 49. A. into B. of C. for D. from 0.41 50. A. shines B. drops C. puts D. fits 51. A. even B. still C. never D. often 52. A. good B. big C. long D. old 53. A. this B. none C. one D. it 0.32 54. A. stones B. buildings C. fire D. wood 55. A. find B. sell C. buy D. make,43,完形填解题技巧,五读法 1. 细读首句，预测主题； 2. 跳读全文，领会大意； 3. 通读全文，试选答案； 4. 细读全文，推敲难题； 5. 复读全文，调整答案。,44,完形填空中的微技术运用,意思相同，结构把关； 结构过关，情感态度认证； 情感尚可，主题定夺！ 瞻前顾后，寻找破绽； 随机应变，突显思辨； 无中生有不可选，个人经验靠边站； 意思正确看结构，文章主旨是关键； 遇到难题不要慌，蛛丝马迹找破绽。,45,完形填空复习策略,注意常用词、词组、习语和句型的 积累；掌握一定量的同义词、近义词在不同语境中的个性特征：结构、感情色彩、文章中的对应关系等。 精选练习，不断总结。 要有计划、按步骤，由简到难地进行有针对性的专项训练，材料要精选，解题要限时，做后要分析总结。 可先不看选项，根据上下文句子结构、逻辑关系等进行推理，填上你认 为可行的词,再与选项对比，选出最佳答案。也可以通过进行无选项的短文填空（自由填空）训练，培养上下文、篇章意识、及逻辑思维的能力。,46,阅读理解,47,阅读理解,2007年 63-0.42 图表阅读 63. You should visit the dentist at least once a year, because _. A. the oral examination is necessary B. you dont often brush your teeth C. some diseases may be in the mirror D. you dont have a good nights sleep,48,阅读理解,ORAL (口腔) HEALTH Brush your teeth twice daily and visit the dentist at least once a year. The mouth is a mirror of disease. The oral examination is not only for the health of teeth, but the whole body. For more of it, please visit www. mydr. com. au. 错误在于断章取义，说明考生概括能力和上下文推理能力欠缺。在平时训练时应加强对整篇文章深层理解的训练。,49,阅读理解,2008年 55-0.43， 56-0.43，64-0.38，65-0.41 64. The writer of the passage suggests we should _. A. make changes at the end of the year B. do few experiments with “kaizen” C. do things with hard-to-achieve goals D. take a tiny step to achieve big goals 65. Which of the following is TRUE from the passage? A. You can achieve your goals if you are not too busy. B. Robert Maurer studied “kaizen” and found it helpful. C. You cant find any excuse not to reach a big goal. D. “Kaizen” was brought to Japan during World War II. 对主题句的把握；对指代关系的理解 65题over 50%选C,50,If you have failed in the past to try to make big changes in life, try again now, one tiny step at a time. - Heres a suggestion: Forget the too big, hard-to-achieve goals and just think about the small ones. “We often think that we have to do everything in big steps, even though its so hard for us to reach it,” said Robert Maurer, who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life. “What we try to do is to begin with such a small step that we cant find any excuse not to do it.” “Kaizen”, a Japanese word, is used to mean to change behavior and attitudes (态度). During World War II, American factory managers were able to increase productivity by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes. After the war, the idea was brought to a rebuilding (重建) Japan. It made Japan develop fast. The Japanese called it “kaizen”, which means “improvement”. -,51,阅读理解,2009, 62-0.25 62. You should work for _ if you become an editor of the magazine. A. just nine hours a day B. no less than nine hours a day C. about ten hours a day D. less than 25 hours a week,52,阅读理解,Editor (编辑) Wanted Editor needed to direct the work of new music magazine. At least two years editorial experience needed. Hours: 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Some overtime required. Send your personal information to: P.O. Box 213, Fairview, IN. 46243. 查读不能只看局部(查读法的弊端) ，对绝对化词汇关注不够。优等生最好通览全文再做题。 要学会找出试题的破绽。考试就是征服与被征服的过程。,53,阅读理解,67. 难度0.26 67. Bitterness comes from _. A. our health problems like heart disease B. the anger that lives deep inside our mind C. the person who says something that hurts us D. our relationships with friends and family members 把握好主题句是得高分的关键。同时要分析作者的言外之意。,54,阅读理解,Is there someone you hate? Well, maybe you dont really hate them. But you get really angry every time you think of them. If you dont let this anger go, it can turn into bitterness (痛苦). Bitterness appears when we cant forgive (原谅) someone who has hurt us or made us angry. Someone might say or do something that hurts us. But instead of controlling the anger, we keep it deep inside. Before long, a bitter feeling begins to grow. We may think were hurting that person by criticizing (指责) him or her often, but were really only hurting ourselves. 此文逻辑水平一流。,55,阅读理解解题指导,无中生有不能选； 2. 张冠李戴不能选； 3. 范围太宽不能选； 4. 以偏概全不可选； 5. 绝对化说法不能选；（all. everyone，right） 6. 合理选项不一定是正确选项，要看原文有没有； 7. 正确答案要么是原句，要么是原文中的同义句；,56,任务型阅读,考查形式有： 根据短文内容，设判断、选择、填空、填表格、完成句子、回答问题、英译汉等题型。试题可以按任何一种形式出现，也可以以任意某2-3种形式出现。,57,任务型阅读,任务型阅读理解题解题指导 1. 明确任务，宏观把握。 2009年河北省中考采用了问答题、正误判断题和英译汉三种题型，不排除2010年会采用其它题型，例如：填空、填表格、完成句子等。因此在平时练习时，除去考过的三种题型之外，其它形式也应适当练习，以提高学生的综合能力。 2. 一一对应，紧扣原文。 针对任务要求，在原文中找出题干所要求的信息部分，这样就可以快速抓住有效信息，确保答题的准确性，切忌随意发挥。,58,任务型阅读,3. 注意细节，读写结合。 任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。将细节部分锁定目标后去查寻相关信息，然后再归纳相关用词。如果是回答问题，要注意问题的提问方式，是一般疑问句、特殊疑问句还是选择疑问句，要注意回答时人称、时态和数与问题的一致性。如果是判断正误，要注意在原文中找到对应点，根据文中所提供的细节信息和文章的意思进行推理，甄别。如果是翻译题，要注意上下文、关键词和时态、语态进行灵活意译。 4. 认真检查，验证答案。 做完题目后，再根据任务整体通读一遍，检查所做的答案是否符合要求。,59,词汇 特点：在具体的语言环境当中考查词汇的灵活运用。重在一个“变”字。 一般考察四个层面的意思： 1.形式正确； 2.词义正确； 3.句子结构完整； 4.句子意思明确。,60,2007河北省中考试题 81.My _ (爱好) are reading, singing and dancing. （0.6）0.40 82.The glasses he wore (戴) a moment ago are broken. He needs a new pair. （0.3）0.21 83.Mrs. Smith smiled_（幸福）when she received a present from her son on Mothers Day. （0.5）0.34 84.Alice is so nice that everyone likes to_(交朋友) her. （0.6）0.42 85.Dont be afraid of making mistakes in class. You wont be_(嘲笑)。（0.4）0.25,61,2008河北省中考试题 76. Ill show my collection of _（邮票） to the class.（0.74）0.50 77. We practised _（唱）English songs for one and a half hours today. （0.78） 0.49 78. Which country is _（大）in population, the U.S. or Canada? （0.50）0.49 79. Xu Li, with his friends, _（拾起） 0.48 waste paper in the park every Sunday. （0.51） 80. Do you know this table _（由制成）bamboo? （0.41） 0.48 有争议？ 总难度0.59,62,2009词汇试题 81. This is our _ (三) time to plant trees. 0.67 82. Im not really _ (饥饿). Ill just have an ice cream. 0.77 83. Computer is one of the greatest _ (发明). I cant imagine life without it. 0.86 84. They _ (同意) us on some matters yesterday afternoon. 0.77 85. Mr. Smith gave us _ (一条) advice on how to keep healthy. 0.38,63,6关于词汇范围 现行课程标准所附的词汇表列出了整个义务教育阶段学生应该掌握的词汇约1300个左右，理解300个左右。词组200-300个。 大家可以到网上下载。,64,65,词汇题应试策略,测试重点在变化，不在单词的难度 注意高频词汇的拼写 日常教学注意多听写句子和默写小短文 注意教材出现的少而课标有要求的词或短语的学习。 总复习中要对词汇进行专题训练（名、动、形、副、数、搭配等） 和学生一起过一下考纲词汇，将没学到和陌生的词汇选出来，尤其是不加*号的词，然后重点训练。,66,连词成句特点 旨在考查学生的语言组织能力和语感，也包括基本的语法知识。 其特点有可能是：只是句式的变化，不会有词形上的变化。 1、简单句 2、复合句 （宾语，状语、定语从句） 3、问句（学生要特别注意问号）4、感叹句（学生要特别注意感叹号）,67,2009示例： 86. do, like, you, English _? 87. is, table, the, on, what _? 88. at, is, good, nobody, everything _. 89. to, I, how, last, winter, skate, learned _. 90. I, my, will, true, come, hope, dream _.,68,解题指导 1、注意看标点，不要写错句式； 2、避免三种低级错误：多词、少词、抄错词; 3、首字母要大写; 4、宾语从句的语序问题。 Do you know where Tom is?,69,应试策略 1、多练512个词的句子； 2、句式要多样化; 3、日常教学注意让学生养成朗读和背诵的习惯; 4、少做题、多输入。,70,书面表达 写的技能的考试应着重考查学生以书面形式表达真实意义或传递信息的能力，要尽可能考查学生表达真实意义和个人经验的能力。 重点掌握24个话题项目。能力、知识目标.doc 1.个人情况 (Personal information) 2.家庭、朋友与周围的人 3.周围的环境(Personal environments) 4.日常活动(Daily routines) 5. 学校生活(School life) 6. 兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies),71,72,书面表达 试题特点：中考书面旨在考查学生综合语言的运用能力。这种综合语言能力包括单词拼写、词语搭配、词法语法、遣词造句、话题掌握、谋篇布局等。 所以在备考阶段有针对性的强化训练，培养学生的书面表达能力是极为重要的。,73,常见错误举例分析,一、动词错误 There were hundreds of students go to school by bus. He wouldnt able to work out the problem. Wei Fang fell from the tree and her leg hurt.,74,常见错误举例分析(续),二、中式英语 He cost five yuan to buy a new dictionary. Recently our village has taken place great changes. When I on the bus,I always feel the sky are very blue.,75,常见错误举例分析（续）,三、结构错误 I have many books, some of them are very useful. We should let children dont play football on the road. I like my bike very much. Because it is my mother gave me on my birthday. I like go to school on foot. There was a new student come to our class.,76,常见错误举例分析（续）,四、低级错误 介词动用,名用; 情态动词后不用动词原形；形容词作谓语，系动词后再加动原,单复数不分等。 My mother dont let me by bike. She likes in blue clothes. On foot is a safety way. She has a long hair and two big eyes. When I at home, I can washing feet for my parents. I am get on well with my classmates. Im very miss you. She has big eyes, small faces and wears a glasses.,77,常见错误举例分析（续）,四、表述失当 I always pick some flower. I can see everything outside the bus. My mother is a beautiful girl. Her mouth(mouse) is small with some white teeth in it. Ann is very beautiful. She is not thin, but is she is very tall. Her face is big. Her eyes are very small. She also has long arms and short legs. The boys in our class like her very much. In order to show my love. I hug and kiss my parents every day before I go to school.,78,常 用 关 联 词 语 举 例,1.表示并列或递进: and, as well, as well as, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor; 2.表示选择: or, eitheror; 3.表示转折: but, however, although, though, after all, by the way; 4.表示因果: because, for this reason, so, as a result; 5.表示条件: if so, unless;,79,常 用 关 联 词 语 举 例,6.表示对比: while, instead, notbut, on the contrary, on the one handon the other hand; 7.表示解释: for example, for instance, such as, that is to say, in other words; 8.表示顺序:firstly, first (of all), second(ly), next, later, since then, from then on, finally, in the end; 9.表示强调: besides, whats more, in fact,; 10.表示结论: to sum up, in all, in a word, in short, generally speaking.,80,高级句型与高级词汇,1.常用写作高级词汇：especially, necessary, advantage, success, environment,experience, knowledge, suggestion, impossible, convenient, introduce, recently, 短语：be satisfied with, in the modern world, look forward to doing, in my opinion, be pleased to do sth. 名言：Remember, “No pains, no gains.” “Practice makes perfect.” 2. 三大从句 3. 比较级句型 4. 动名词短语作主语 5. 形式主语或宾语 6. 关联词语,81,2007 由于父亲常年在外工作，李华一边上学一边照顾多病的母亲。昨天李华不慎摔伤了脚，医生建议他在家休息两周。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文，谈谈如何帮助李华。（开头已给出） 提示： 1. Why will you help Li Hua? 2. How can you help him with his lessons? 3. What are you going to do to help him with the housework?,三年满分作文,82,2007 Li Huas father works in anther city. So Li Hua has to take care of his sick mother after school. But Li Hua hurt his feet yesterday. When he was playing football. The doctor said that he must stay at home for two weeks. He is one of my best friends, so I will help him. I will go to help him with his lessons after school. I will teach him the most important things and tell him the homework he should do. As for the housework, I will cook meals twice a day. And I will help him clean his room every three days, so that his room can keep clean. I hope he can be well soon.,三年满分作文,83,2008 满分作文,假如你要接受一家英文报社的