2011年中考试题对复习阶段的教学的启.ppt

2011年中考试题对复习阶段的教学的启示,西安爱知中学 杨晓延,英语学习和其他学科一样，需要日积月累。不可能通过短期训练就达到我们所期望的理想效果。但是，在最后的冲刺阶段，科学、合理的复习方法会使学生对所学知识有一个系统的复习总结，从而在考试中能够发挥到最好，取得好成绩。 如何有条不紊地进行备考总复习，让学生在中考中获得满意的分数是一个很重要的工作。要在较短的时间内，帮学生补上平时学习中的漏洞，让学生学精、练透、用活，任务是很艰巨的。但是，考前正确的、科学的复习方法，对学生中考成绩的提高起到会很关键作用。,两个研究,一、对课标和教材做深入研究。 二、研究中考说明和近三年的中考试题。,帮助学生构建知识框架，化零为整。了解学过了哪些知识，它们之间有什么联系；哪些是必须掌握的，属于中考必考范围；哪些知识属于拓展、了解部分，不会作为考点。这样也会使我们把握好教学的深度和广度，有目的，有针对性地复习，避免无休止扩展，进入误区，绕弯路。,一、对课标和教材做深入研究。,中考说明和中考题是中考的指挥棒。他们会清楚细致地告诉我们考试的主导思想、考察方向、内容、范围、深度、题型、命题老师的意图及命题难易程度。,二、研究中考说明和近三年的中考试题。,知识的归纳总结,一、课本知识的归纳总结。 紧扣课本，吃透教材，抓住要点，不断反复。每天坚持按计划复习课本知识，每天熟记 一定量的单词、重点词组、句型、语法等要点，对于固定词组和习惯用语要背诵，并能够默写。对于每单元的重点词、词组进行归纳总结，并配练习进行巩固。,Unit 9,1. be used for = be used to do used to do be used to + n./ doing be used as 2. enough +n. interesting enough 3. in the end at the end of by the end of 4. by mistake 5. by accident 6. according to 7. the number of a number of,8. in this way 9. taste good 10. notice sb. do/doing sth. 12. fall into 13. divideinto 14. leaf-leaves, 15. salt-salty cloudcloudy, hairhairy, sunsunny, windwindy, rain rainy, snow snowy, sleepsleepy 16. wood-wooden 17. a nearby school, near the school,taketo，take care of， take after , take away， take part in，take place，take off, take a walk, take an exam, take it easy, take with, take turns,Hurry up, Mike. You must get to the airport an hour before the plane _. Its very hot here. Why not _ your coat? The boy _ his father. They both have red hair. The evening party will _ on New Years Eve.,选词填空,look at, look after, look up, look like, look for, look around, look out of, look out,1. Would you please _my baby brother while Im cooking? 2. Mrs. Green is _ her purse, but she cant find it anywhere. 3. When you dont know a word, you can _ in the dictionary. 4. The girl was nervous because everyone was _ her.,get up, look up, pick up, make up, give up, turn up, set up, put up, eat up, stay up,1. I can hardly hear what it is saying on TV. Would you please _？ 2. Smoking is bad for your health. Youd better _. 3. Dont _ too late, or youll be tired during daytime. 4. I was so tired this morning that I couldnt _ early as usual.,二、有针对性地开展语法专项复习 与训练。,名词的单复数、代词（包括人称代词、物主代词、不定代词反身代词和疑问代词等）、连词、介词、冠词、形容词、副词以及他们的比较级、最高级、动词的时态、语态、情态动词、动词词组、非谓语动词、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句、主从句时态关系、主谓一致等等都是中考语法试题的重点考察项目，也是常考的考点和命题的热点。,语法复习的具体方法：,归类复习。 印发专项习题，做到讲练相结合。 把各个单元的重点词语融入语法练习中进行反复综合训练。,归类复习：,六个基本时态、名词、代词、形容词和副词、冠词、介词、动词词组、被动语态、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句。,三、按话题归类，进行情景交际与 应用复习。,题型复习,在总结归纳的同时，我们还穿插有题型复习。就是将课本知识、语法、词汇与中考题型相结合，进行综合复习。,一、听力部分。,在最后复习阶段，坚持每天听，每天利用至少半个小时的时间，大声朗读和背诵所学过的课文、对话，通过朗读和背诵熟悉所学过的各种交际用语和功能用语，让学生把这些交际用语的表达式烂记于心，这样，答题的时候就有语感，准确率就会高得多。,二、语言知识。,属于考查各项基础知识的传统题型，此题内容涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面，考察学生语法基础知识的运用能力。此题灵活，覆盖面广，而且单纯的“语法题”已经很少，“语境+语法题”越来越多，主要考核语言在语境中的运用，答题时如果忽视语境，就很容易答错，这就要求学生能对句子进行正确分析，对基础语法进行灵活运用。,语言知识,把各个单元的重点词语融入语法练习中进行反复综合训练。,1. Wheres Tom? His mother him now. A. is looking for B. will look for C. has looked for D. Looks for 2. Soft drinks_ to children for free in some restaurants on Childrens Day every year. A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered 3. I my homework, I guess I cant join you. A. dont finish B. didnt finish C. havent finished D. wont finish,三、完形填空,1、重首句。 2、重语境。 3、重实词。 4、重快速领悟文章主旨的能力。 5、重对文章的整体把握能力。 6、重考查排除干扰、完形词义的能力。,In a small town in France, there was a farmer who lived alone. Every day he 31 a pound of butter to his neighbour, who was a baker, One day the baker decided to 32 the butter to see if he was getting a pound. After he weighed it, he found that he wasnt. The baker then took 33 farmer to the judge (法官). The judge asked the farmer if he had any way to weigh the butler. The farmer replied. “I am so 34 that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it, 35 I do have a kind of scale(天平). “ The judge asked, “Then how do you weigh the buttery“ The farmer replied, “Before the baker started buying butler from 36 , I had bought bread from him. So now every time when I bring home the bread from the baker, I put it On the scale and give him the butter of the same weight,“ We 37 what we give to Others in life. Whenever you take action, ask yourself this 38 , “Am I honest?“ Honesty or dishonesty can become a 39 . Some dishonest people can lie(说谎) without a red face. Others lie so much that they do not even 40 what the truth is any more. But who is it bad for? As a matter of fact, those who lie will hurt themselves by their own dishonest behaviour. 31. A. gave B. fed C. threw D. sold 32. A. weigh B. watch C. cut D. use 33. A. / B. a C. an D. the 34. A. rich B. poor C. honest D. quiet 35. A. and B. so C. but D. or 36. A. I B. my C. me D. mine 37. A. get back B. look back C. give back D. turn back 38. A. answer B. question C. help D. idea 39. A. difference B. habit C. mistake D. difficulty 40. A. Study B. mean C. imagine D. know,2011年陕西省中考题,31. A. gave B. fed C. threw D. sold 32. A. weigh B. watch C. cut D. use 33. A. / B. a C. an D. the 34. A. rich B. poor C. honest D. quiet 35. A. and B. so C. but D. or 36. A. I B. my C. me D. mine 37. A. get back B. look back C. give back D. turn back 38. A. answer B. question C. help D. idea 39. A. difference B. habit C. mistake D. difficulty 40. A. Study B. mean C. imagine D. know,In a small town in France, there was a farmer who lived alone. Every day he 31 a pound of butter to his neighbour, who was a baker, One day the baker decided to 32 the butter to see if he was getting a pound. After he weighed it, he found that he wasnt. The baker then took 33 farmer to the judge (法官). The judge asked the farmer if he had any way to weigh the butler. The farmer replied. “I am so 34 that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it, 35 I do have a kind of scale(天平). “ The judge asked, “Then how do you weigh the buttery“ The farmer replied, “Before the baker started buying butler from 36 , I had bought bread from him. So now every time when I bring home the bread from the baker, I put it On the scale and give him the butter of the same weight,“ We 37 what we give to Others in life. Whenever you take action, ask yourself this 38 , “Am I honest?“ Honesty or dishonesty can become a 39 . Some dishonest people can lie(说谎) without a red face. Others lie so much that they do not even 40 what the truth is any more. But who is it bad for? As a matter of fact, those who lie will hurt themselves by their own dishonest behaviour.,我们的题,Last year, I learned from a newspaper that some sick kids needed help. I phoned the newspaper and I was asked to 31 a little girl named Lisa, who had mental(精神的） illness. A short time later, I went for a 32 to Lisa. After having been at the mental hospital for years, she had recently been allowed to be at home. In the beginning, I did most of the 33 . Lisa, however, was too quiet and introverted (内向的), shyly sitting in the corner of the sofa and listening. She was careful not to allow our eyes to 34 . Over time, Lisa felt more comfortable little by little while I was 35 . Our weekly get-togethers usually 36 sharing a cup of hot coffee, window shopping or taking slow walks in the country. Lisa 37 discussed how she felt about our friendship, even after we completed our first year together. However, she knew she could always 38 me. Then one day I got a call from our volunteer group. “Mary, would you and Lisa like to be interviewed on a local TV news show?” Excited, I answered, “Wow! Let me discuss it with Lisa.” I didnt think Lisa would be 39 going on “live” television. But to my surprise, Lisa wanted to be interviewed, too. At the interview, she said, “ 40 I can help other people understand how important our get-together is, and how it has helped me, maybe theyll volunteer, too. Mary, wouldnt that be great?” With tears running down, we smiled at one another. 31. A. help B. take C. teach D. tell 32. A. swim B. visit C. trip D. way 33. A. cleaning B. listening C. talking D. interviewing 34. A. teach B. open C. fix D. meet 35. A. with her B. with she C. with the doctors D. with them 36. A. needed B. went C. had D. enjoyed 37. A. ever B. never C. once D. just 38. A. agree with B. think about C. care fo D. depend on 39. A. nervous B. comfortable C. safe D. sorry 40. A. If B. Though C. Because D. After,31. A. help B. take C. teach D. tell 32. A. swim B. visit C. trip D. way 33. A. cleaning B. listening C. talking D. interviewing 34. A. teach B. open C. fix D. meet 35. A. with her B. with she C. with the doctors D. with them 36. A. needed B. went C. had D. enjoyed 37. A. ever B. never C. once D. just 38. A. agree with B. think about C. care fo D. depend on 39. A. nervous B. comfortable C. safe D. sorry 40. A. If B. Though C. Because D. After,四、阅读训练,阅读理解部分应通过文章的字里行间，挖掘作者的写作意图和真实思路，领会文章的弦外之音、话外之意。要求能对文章中提到的表层信息点进行整合和推理。有些选项确实是文章中提到的事实，但不一定是问题的答案，因此还要仔细读题。,在阅读训练时要注意以下几个方面：,1.要有阅读积累，每天阅读2 到3个小短文。 2.阅读的范围要广泛。 3.阅读要提速，要有时间限制（每篇四到五分钟）。 4.重视整体理解能力。遇生词不要查字典，通过上下文来理解。 5.答题时要抓住关键词语。,阅读方法：,1. 通读全文领会大意，弄清整篇短文意思。 2. 阅读所设题目。 3. 精读全文选答案。 4. 重读全文，检验答案。,在进行阅读训练时，进行阅读技巧训练也是很有必要的。,主旨大意题、作者意图推测题、推理判断题、归纳总结题、解读句意、词意题等题型增加了,2011年中考阅读,归纳总结: 44. According to the passage, scientists have found good ways to deal with water problems. 主旨大意: 52. What can we learn from the passage? 55. This passage is mainly about_. 推理判断: 51. The chess players may like rock climbing because _ 解读词意: 54. The underlined word “issued” here probably means “_”,单词量的掌握程度在很大程度上决定了最终的得分情况。所以，词汇量的积累一定要提上日程。所谓冰冻三尺非一日之寒，没有长时间的量的积累，就不要奢望一觉醒来后能实现质的飞跃。,五、完成句子,它要求考生有较精确的语言素养，考查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的类型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。这个题在一定程度上提高了对学生的综合语言运用能力的考查力度。,完成句子：根据所给中文完成下列各句：,56.他性格外向，喜欢交朋友。 He is out going and likes _. Keys：to make /making friends . 57.每天放学后，我们可以散散步来放松自己。 We can _ to relax ourselves after school. Keys: go (out) for a walk /walks have/take a walk / walks,58.日本大地震后，世界各地的人们给予了很大帮助。 When the big earthquake hit Japan , people _ helped a lot. Keys: (from) all over (around/throughout /across) the world from different parts of the world,59.在去电影院的路上，他听到了这个消息。 He heard the news_ to the cinema. Keys: on his/ the way 60.由于世园会的举办，西安今年会迎来更多的 游客。 Because of the “Expo”, more _ will come to Xian this year. Keys: visitors / tourists,答题时要注意：,1. 通读全句，联系上下文，确定所需词语。 2. 要掌握初中英语教材1-3册“四会”的单词拼写。,我们的做法是：,总结出每单元的重点词汇、句型，在课堂上让学生练习并熟记其用法。 把这些重点词汇结合语法编成完成句子的练习进行反复不断地训练。我们每单元都这样做，效果很好，既复习了重点词汇，还巩固了语法知识。,完成句子,1. 这些材料是用来做口香糖的。 The material is used for making gum. 2. 他年轻时常常去世界各地旅行。 He used to travel around the world when be was young. 3. 我爷爷习惯于住在乡村。 My grandfather is used to living in the countryside. 4. 铁锤是用来钉钉子的。 A hammer is used to drive in nails. 5. 这块木板被用作凳子。 The piece of wood is used as a bench. 6. 对不起，我昨天错拿了你的钢笔。 Sorry, I took your pen by mistake yesterday.,六、短文填空,该题型是一种综合性比较强的题型，主要考核学生对篇章的整体理解和词或词组在句子中的运用能力，在理解文章的基础上正确运用。学生必须在读懂文章，把握故事脉络的基础上用所给词的适当形式来填空。,短文填空,old , shoe ,stand ,foot, pick, small ,feel, clear, need ,use,训练方法：,通读文章，猜测文章大意。 再读，选词，填词。 再读，检查。主要检查逻辑是否通，词形变化是否正确。,我们的做法：,每周进行4-5篇的训练。 选择近几年的中考完形试题进行改编。 用所给词的正确形式完成句子。 复述文章大意，把握文章脉络与大意，培养思维能力。,jump, dangerous, join, far, happy, sun, agree, die, activity, take,Three small fish lived in the sea. When they were very young, their parents 1 . They had to look after each other day after day. Finally, they grew up and dared to swim deeper and 2 . One morning. the three fish were 3 to a shallow (浅) water by a big wave (浪). A small boat was taken there. too. It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea because the boat was fight in front of them. The largest fish realized that they were 4 and said they had to find a way to leave there as fast as possible. The second largest fish 5 with his elder brother, but the youngest one did not. He said that there was much time for their 6 , so he would not worry at all and still swam around 7 . At last, the largest fish returned to the sea by 8 over the lowest part of the boat. The second largest fish also succeeded in 9 his eider brother in the other side of water. But the youngest one didnt follow them and still swam joyfully. Two hours later, when the 10 rose up, the water in the small shallow corner dried up. The fish who did not try to return to the sea died of lack(缺乏)of water.,wood, include, sleep, salt, leave,1. In the northwest of China there are many salty lakes， from which we can get salt. 2. This is a wooden desk. Its made of wood. 3. Its autumn. Many leaves begin to fall. 4. The singer sang many songs, including some of my favorite. 5. I did my homework till 12 oclock last night, so I feel very sleepy now.,选词填空,七、任务型阅读,目的是考查学生通过阅读获取信息并进行信息整合与转换的能力。有时候可以直接