译林版牛津英语8AUnit1单词知识点讲解.doc

8A Unit 1 单词知识点讲解1. thirsty adj. 口渴的；thirty num. 三十They were hungry and thirsty. 他们又饥又渴。Give me a glass of water because Im thirsty. 给我一杯水，我渴了。2. honest adj. 诚实的，正直的； an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 (反) dishonest adj. 不诚实的, 不正直的 An honest man does not tell lies. 诚实的人不说谎。 We must be honest. 我们必须诚实。3. secret cn. 秘密 keep a secret / keep secrets 保守秘密；an open secret公开的秘密He can keep secrets for others and never says a bad word about anyone. 他能替人保守秘密而且从不说人坏话。 adj. 秘密的 a secret room 隐秘的房间I hid the letter in a secret place. 我把信藏在一个秘密的地方了。4. joy u n. 欢乐，高兴，乐趣; share ones joy 分享某人的快乐 to ones joy使某人高兴的是； feel the joy of life感到人生的快乐Susan is full of joy because she has a new baby sister.苏珊十分高兴，因为她有一个刚出生的小妹妹。5. care v. 关心，关注，在意； U n.注意，照管 take care of 照顾 adj. careful , careless 仔细的，粗心的 adv. carefully, carelessly仔细地，粗心地She didnt care what happened. 她才不管会发生什么事呢？People dont care about you if you only care about yourself. 你如果只关心自己，那你就很难得到人们的关注。6. oneself 某人自己 (反身代词)myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves 7. magazine n. 杂志 read a magazine 读杂志； in Teenagers magazine 在青少年杂志上Write to Teenagers magazine about your best friend!He made some money from writing short stories for magazines.他为杂志写了一些短篇故事攒些钱。8. good-looking adj. 好看的，漂亮的= beautiful a good-looking girl 一个好看的女孩9. humour / humor u n. 幽默 have a sense of humour 有幽默感; adj. humorous That boy has a sense of humour. = That boy is humorous. 那个男孩幽默。10. polite adj. 有礼貌的, be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌 (反) impolite 没有礼貌的，粗鲁的=rudeHe is always polite to everyone.他对每个人都彬彬有礼。11. tidy adj. 爱整洁的，整洁的; a tidy boy爱整齐的男孩; a tidy room整洁的房间The reading room is clean and tidy. 阅览室干净整洁。12. make linking v. 成为；适合 My father wants to make me a doctor. 我爸爸要使我成为一名医生。vt. 做，建造I made a chair from the wood. 我用木料做了一把椅子。vt. 引起，产生 Dont make a noise in the library. 图书馆内不准大声喧哗。vt. 迫使；强迫I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。13. trust vt. 信任 = believe in I shall lend him money because I trust him. 我将借给他钱，因为我相信他。14. lie n. 谎言；One should never tell a lie. 一个人永远不应当说谎。v. 说谎(过去式：lied)You are lying and lies can not cover up facts. 你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。Dont believe her because she always lies. 别信她，因为她总是说谎。v. (平)躺；卧 (过去式：lay)Go and lie on the bed and have a rest. 去躺在床上歇一会儿。 v. 位于(过去式：lay)Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部15. joke n. 玩笑; play a joke on sb. = play a trick on sb. 同某人开玩笑；捉弄某人tell funny jokes 讲有趣的笑话16. true adj. 确实的；的确；真的，忠实的； come true实现；a true story 一个真实的故事adv. truly真正地 n. truth n.U 真实；真相 tell the truth 说出真相A true friend will always help you. 忠诚的朋友会永远帮助你的。Are you truly happy with your work? 你真的对你的工作满意吗？Are you telling me the truth? 你讲的是真话吗？17. generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的; be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨Aunt Mary is generous to us and gives us a lot of presents.玛丽阿姨很大方，给我们许多礼物。18. willing adj. 乐意的，愿意的=ready, glad be willing to do sth. = be ready to do sth. = be glad to do sth. 乐意做某事I am willing to help you. 我愿意帮助你。19. any time = anytime adv. 在任何时候I can come here anytime. 我可以随时到这里来。20. voice n. 嗓音。一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用voice。The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。They are talking in low voices. 他们正小声交谈。sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大，可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。例如：At midnight he heard a strange sound. 半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。Light travels much faster than sound. 光的传播速度比声音快得多。21. singer n. 歌手；sing v. 唱歌；song n. 歌曲；music n. 音乐 want to be a singer 想当一名歌手；one of the best singers 最好的歌手之一22. almost adv. 几乎，差不多It takes me almost an hour to get there. 到达那里花费我几乎一个小时。可以与none, nobody, nothing, never等词连用如：Almost no one believed her.几乎没有人相信她。I did almost nothing. 我几乎什么也没做。23. round adj. 圆形的； have a round face 有张圆圆的脸 Sometimes the moon is as round as a plate. 有时候月亮象盘子一样圆。adv. 转过来；相反方向The car turned round and went back again. 小汽车掉转头又回去了。prep. 环绕一周；围着The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转动。24. sense n. 感觉；观念，意识Dogs have a very good sense of hearing. 狗有很好的听觉。have a sense of/have no sense of25. bore v. 使人厌烦；乏味; bored adj. (修饰人)无聊的； boring adj. (修饰物)令人厌烦的When I feel bored or unhappy, she talks to me and tells me funny jokes.当我感到无聊或不高兴时，她常和我讲一些滑稽的笑话。be bored with.对厌烦What a boring book! 多没意思的书啊！26. fit vi. 可容纳，装进The room is so small that it can only fit 10 people. 这个房间太小了，只能容纳10个人。 The young man is so tall that his legs dont fit well under the student desk. 年轻人个太高，学生桌底下容纳不下他的腿。adj. 合适的 Is he fit for the job? 他适合干这个工作吗？adj. 健康的= healthy He keeps fit by doing exercises every morning.他每天早上做操保持健康。vt. 适合于，合适 This coat doesnt fit meits so big.这件上衣不适合我穿太大了。27. knock vt. 碰，撞；把撞击成 knock at /on the door 敲门 Peter knocked the glass off the table and broke it.彼得把玻璃杯打翻，从桌上掉下去摔碎了。28. onto prep. 到的上面The pen fell onto the floor. 钢笔落到地板上了。29. straight adj. 笔直的 have straight hair 有笔直的的头发；a straight road 一条笔直的马路adv. 直接地；径直地 Go straight along the road until you come to the post office.顺着这条路一直走到邮局为止。30. sweet adj. 可爱的，惹人喜爱的 What a sweet girl! 多么可爱的小姑娘！adj. 甜的 this fruit is really sweet! 这种水果真甜哪！n. 糖果= candy Do you like eating sweets? 你喜欢吃糖果吗？31. smile vi. 微笑 smile at sb. 朝某人微笑The old man often smiles at others. 那个老人经常朝别人微笑。n. 微笑 There is a smile on the teachers face. 老师脸上有一丝笑容。 The teacher came in, with a smile on her face. 老师进来了，脸上带着笑容。smiling adj. 微笑的，带着笑意的; a smiling face微笑的脸, 笑脸 smiling eyes 微笑的眼睛32. person n. 人； personal adj. 私人的； personality cn. 个性 He has a happy personality. 他为人性格快活。33. choose v. 选择；挑选 (过去式：chose)choose sb. as= choose sb. to be 选择某人当 We will choose him as our monitor. 我们将选他当我们的班长。choose to do sth. 选择做某事He chose to say nothing about this to anyone. 他不愿意把这事对任何人讲。34. bad/ badly /illworse worst This one is much worse than that one. 这一个比那一个差多了。Yesterday she was ill, today she is worse than she was yesterday.昨天她生病了，今天她的病比昨天厉害了。He sings much worse than he did last year. 他比去年唱得差多了。John played badly, Tom played worse, and Harry played (the) worst.约翰打得不好，汤姆打得更差，而哈利打得最差。35. high adj. 高的；height n. 高度 How high is that tree? = Whats the height of the tree? 那棵树有多高？36. weigh v. 重；weight n. 重量；heavy adj. 重的The baby weighs three kilos. 这婴儿三公斤重。= The weight of the baby is three kilos.= The baby is three kilos heavy.37. second = sec. n. 秒； in a second = soon马上，片刻There are 3,600 seconds in an hour.一小时有三千六百秒。Ill be ready in a second. 我马上就准备好了。 adj. 第二 February is the second month of the year. 二月是一年里的第二个月。38. competition n. 竞赛，比赛，竞争；compete v. 比赛；竞争 take part in the writing competition 参加写作比赛in the drawing competition 在绘画竞赛中39. test n. 测试，考查； in the English test 在英语测试中exam n. 考试 take/have an exam 举行考试 He failed his driving test. 他没通过汽车驾驶考试。We have our maths test every week. 我们每周举行一次数学测验。40. swim n. & v. 游泳；swimming n. 游泳; swimmer n. 游泳者 one of the most famous swimmers 最著名的游泳者之一41. plan n. 打算，计划 future plans 未来计划； make a plan for sth. 制订某物的计划Do you have any plans for the new term？新的学期里你有什么打算吗？v. 打算，计划 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 They planning to build a bridge. 他们在计划建造一座桥。42. social adj. 社会的 Social Science 社会科学； social change 社会的变化 social worker 社会工作者 society n. 社会 do something useful for the society 为社会做点有益的事43. ponytail n. 马尾辫； pony小型马; tail 尾巴 Do you know the girl with a ponytail? 你认识那个梳着马尾辫的女孩吗？44. shy adj. 害羞的； a shy girl 一个害羞的女孩Dont be shy. We are all friends. 别害羞，我们都是朋友。45. square adj. 方形的 have a square face 有张四方形的脸Cn. 正方形 A square has four sides.正方形有四条边。C n.广场 Tiananmen Square is in Beijing. 天安门广场在北京。C n.（数学）平方 36 is the square of 6. 36是6的平方。46. handsome adj. 英俊的He was a handsome boy with large, bright eyes and golden