2016年昆明理工大学考研真题211翻译硕士英语.doc

昆明理工大学2016年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题昆明理工大学2016年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(a卷)考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称 ：翻译硕士英语 考生答题须知1 所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。2 评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。3 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。4 答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。part vocabulary and structure ( 30 points，1 for each ) in this section, there are thirty incomplete sentences. for each sentence four alternatives are given. decide which of the alternatives a, b, c or d best completes the sentence. write the appropriate letter on the answer sheet. 1. it is important to boost the morale of the soldiers as low morale can render an army_.a. impotent b. disabled c. sterile d. barren 2. the jacksons are shocked by the managers _indifference to the sufferings of the poor workmen.a. fragrant b. festering c. flagrant d. ignorant3. after the eruption of the volcano there was a serious _ of typhoid in the area.a. outrage b. outcome c. outbreak d. output4. the proposal was carried by a narrow _.a. verge b. margin c. rim d. fringe5. he seemed to have a (an) _ of reasons not to take part in our research project. a. profusion b. multitude c. abundance d. pack6. martin is considered one of the geniuses in our school but i think his paintings are quite _. a. mediocre b. medium c. moderate d. meager 7 .the soldiers in the platoon shined their bayonets in _ of the inspection by the general. a. contemplation b. preconception c. anticipation d. meditation8. my woolen sweater used to be bigger than this. it has _ in the wash. a. shrunk b. shortened c. reduced d. lessened9. do you see _ with james degnans point of view? a. back to back b. eye to eye c. face to face d. heart to heart10. john was sentenced to three months imprisonment because he tried to _ taxes by falsifying his returns. a. avoid b. escape c. dodge d. evade11. _, we shall go out for a picnic on mondaya. weather permits b. weather permitted c. weather permitting d. with weather to permit12. we think _ possible for them to fulfill their task in a few weeks.a. it b. that c. what d. this13. not until the game had begun _ at the sports ground.a. should he have arrivedb. had he arrivedc. did he arrive d. would he had arrived14. there used to be a theater here years ago, _. a. didnt it b. usednt itc. didnt there use to d. didnt there15. with all the children _ at home during the holidays, she had a great deal of work to do.a. beb. werec. beend. being16. the dying soldier had the message _ straight to the headquarter. a. be sent b. being sent c. sent d. to be sent17. how close parents are to their children _ a strong influence on the character of their children.a. having b. have c. has d. to have18. theres _ when we shall meet again.a. no knowing b. not know c. not to know d. never knowing19. one of the requirements for a fire is that the material _ to its burning temperature.a. heated b. be heated c. to be heated d. being heated20. kunming is usually cool in the summer, but shanghai _.a. is rarely b. is hardly c. rarely is d. hardly is21. all living creatures have some _ that are passed on from one generation to the next.a. aspects b. attributes c. properties d. faculties22. the lovely damsel of the court could not _ the temptation of throwing glances of admiration upon the handsome young man.a. resist b. obstruct c. conflict d. challenge23. it is hoped that the person on trail will be released through the _ of the kings daughter.a. interruption b. interrogation c. intervention d. meditation24. when they were evicted for not paying the rent, they wept, wailed, and _ their teeth. a. bit b. chewed c. gnashed d. munched25. mr. bright _ down the stairs, trying not to disturb his roommates, but a creaking floorboard woke up his best friend, tom. a. tiptoed b. limped c. trudged d. strutted 26. betty liked to have her clothes made to _ but i preferred ready-made clothes. a. medium b. measurement c. standard d. measure 27. the whole area of national and local governments was subjected to a thorough financial_ , and inefficiency and waste were attacked. a. survey b. search c. research d. scrutiny28. in my younger and more _ years my father gave me some advice that ive been turning over in my mind ever since. a. frail b. pregnable c. assailable d. vulnerable29. formulated in 1823, the monroe doctrine_ that the americas were no longer open to european colonization. a. argued b. asserted c. entreated d. accentuated30. as we all know, houses are _ to be at rest with respect to the earth but the earth itself is not motionless . a. resumed b. consumed c. assumed d. presumedpart ii reading comprehension ( 40 points )section a: in this section, there are three passages. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. you should decide on the best choices and then write the appropriate answer on the answer sheet. ( 30 points，2 for each )passage 1 according to a recent publication of the equal employment opportunity commission, at the present rate of progress, it will take forty-three years to end job discrimination-hardly a reasonable timetable.if our goal is educational and economic equity and parity, it is then we need affirmative action to catch up. we are behind as a result of discrimination and denial of opportunity. there is one white attorney for every 680 whites, but only one black attorney for every 4,000 blacks; one white physician for every 659 whites, but only one black physician for every 5,000 blacks; and one white dentist for every 1,900 whites, but only one black dentist for every 8,400 blacks. less than 1 percent of all engineers or of all practicing chemists is black. cruel and uncompassionate injustice created gaps like these. we need creative justice and compassion to help us close them.actually, in the u.s. context, “reverse discrimination” is illogical and a contradiction in terms. never in the history of mankind has a majority, with power, engaged in programs and written laws that discriminate against itself. the only thing whites are giving up because of affirmative action is unfair advantage, something that was unnecessary in the first place.blacks are not making progress at the expense of whites, as news accounts make it seem. there are 49 percent more whites in medical school today and 64 percent more whites in law school than there were when affirmative action programs began some eighteen years ago.in a recent column, william raspberry raised an interesting question. commenting on the bakke case, he asked, “what if, instead of setting aside 16 of 100 slots, we added 16 slots to the 100.” that, he suggested, would not interfere with what whites already have. he then went on to point out that this, in fact, is exactly what has happened in law and medical schools. in 1968, the year before affirmative action programs began to get under way, 9,571 whites and 282 members of minority groups entered u.s. medical schools. in 1976, the figures were 14,213 and 1,400 respectively. thus, under affirmative action, the number of “white places” actually rose by 49 percent; white access to medical training was not diminished, but substantially increased. the trend was even more marked in law schools. in 1969, the first year for which reliable figures are available, 2,933 minority-group members were enrolled; in 1976, the number was up to 8,484. but during the same period, law school enrollment for whites rose from 65,453 to 107,064, an increase of 64 percent. in short, it is a myth that blacks are making progress at white expense.allan bakke did not really challenge preferential treatment in general, for he made no challenge to the preferential treatment accorded to the children of the rich, the alumni and the faculty or to athletes or the very talented only to minorities.1. the author is for affirmative action _. a. because it will take 43 years to end job discriminationb. because there is discrimination and denial of opportunity in the u.s.c. if we aim at educational and economic equity and parityd. when there is no reasonable timetable in the u.s.2. it requires _ to close the gap between the whites and the blacks in the u.s.a. creative justice and compassionb. a lot more black engineers and chemistsc. education and economic developmentd. one black attorney for every 4,000 blacks3. blacks are not making progress at the expense of whites, according to the author, because _ a. there are 49 percent more white in medical school today alreadyb. what whites give up is only unfair advantagec. there are 64 percent more whites in law schools todayd. whites, the majority in the u.s., will never discriminate against themselves4. william raspberry, while commenting on the bakke case, suggests _ .a. to follow what has happened in law and medical schools.b. to interfere with what whites already have.c. to offer 84 slots to whites and 16 to blacks.d. to offer 100 slots to whites and 16 to blacks.5. according to the author, _, a. blacks are not making progress at white expense.b. affirmative action is an effective way to end job discrimination.c. the things whites are giving up because of affirmative action are necessary. d. under affirmative action, white access to medical training was diminished.passage 2 i have observed that the americans show a less decided taste for general ideas than the french. this is especially true in politics.although the americans infuse into their legislation far more general ideas than the french, and although they strive more than the latter to adjust the practice of affairs to theory, no political bodies in the united states have ever shown so much love for general ideas as the constituent assembly and the convention in france. at no time has the american people laid hold on ideas of this kind with the passionate energy of the french people in the eighteenth century, or displayed the same blind confidence in the value and absolute truth of any theory.this difference between the americans and the french originates in several causes, but principally in the following one. the americans are a democratic people who have always directed public affairs themselves. the french are a democratic people who for a long time could only speculated on the best manner of conducting them. the social condition of the french led them to conceive very general ideas on the subject of government, while their political constitution prevented them from correcting those ideas by experiment and from gradually detecting their insufficiency; whereas in america the two things constantly balance and correct each other.it may seem at first sight that this is very much opposed to what i have said before, that democratic nations derive their love of theory from the very excitement of their active life. a more attentive-examination will show that there is nothing contradictory in the proposition.men living in democratic countries eagerly lay hold of general ideas because they have but little leisure and because these ideas spare them the trouble of studying particulars. this is true, but it is only to be understood of those matters which are not the necessary and habitual subjects of their thoughts. mercantile men will take up very eagerly, and without any close scrutiny, all the general ideas on philosophy, politics, science, or the arts which may be presented to them; but for such as relate to commerce, they will not receive them without inquiry or adopt them without reserve. the same thing applies to statesman with regard to general ideas in politics.if, then, there is a subject upon which a democratic people is peculiarly liable to abandon itself, blindly and extravagantly, to general ideas, the best corrective that can be used will be to make that subject a part of their daily practical occupation. they will then be compelled to enter into details, and the details will teach them the weak points of the theory. this remedy may frequently be a painful one, but its effect is certain.thus it happens that the democratic institutions which compel every citizen to take a practical part in the government moderate that excessive taste for general theories in polities which the principle of equality suggests. 6. why do the americans show less enthusiasm for general ideas than the french?a. in america, the constitution provides checks and balances. b. the french constitution did not allow for experiment.c. the social conditions in france led to different ideas.d. the americans have always been in charge of their own public affairs.7. some people in different democratic countries prefer general ideas because_. a. in politics it is easier to study general ideasb. general ideas on different subjects are more interesting c. they do not have time to address details.d. mercantile men prefer general ideas on philosophy, politics, science and the arts8. what does the writer think would inhibit peoples preference for general ideas?a. teaching them the weak points of the theory. b. encouraging them to take a practical part in their daily work practice. c. trying to make them abandon those ideas.d. compelling them to study details.9. the writers conclusion is that _. a. peoples taste for general ideas can be diminished through taking a practical part in democratic institutions b. general theories in politics should be the most important part of democracy c. citizens should be forced to take part in democratic institutionsd. the principle of equality must be paramount10. according to the passage, which of the following statements is true?a. the americans have a more decided taste for general ideas than the french.b. the americans introduce far more general ideas into their legislation than the french.c. some political bodies in the united states have shown so much love for general ideas as the constituent assembly and the convention in france.d. the political constitution condition of the french is helpful for the correction of those ideas by experiment. passage 3 i have some difficulty in describing why i traveled to west africa and what i was doing there, since the journey that become so complicated and took me to so many unexpected places seemed in the beginning to be so simple and so clearly defined. i went to africa to find the roots of the blues. it had always been obvious that the blues sprang from a complex background, with much of it developing from the music of the long period of african slavery in the united states and with some of its harmonic forms and instrumental styles derived out of a broad european context. it had always been just as obvious that there were certain elements in the blues in the singing style and in the rhythmic structures that were not traceable to anything in the countryside of the american south. these things, it seemed to me, might have come from a distantly remembered african background, even if there had been such a lengthy period between the break in contact with africa and the emergence of the blues in the 1890s. in the beginning i planned simply to record the tribal singers of west africa known as griots, since it was these musicians who seemed to come closest to what we know as a blues singer. they are from tribes that had many people taken to the southern states as slaves, and they usually sing alone, accompanying themselves for the most part on plucked string instruments. since most african music is performed by village groups, and is often dominated by drumming, this practice in itself is enough to set the groits apart. at the same time i hoped to collect from the singers narrative accounts of the first encounters between the africans and the europeans, told from the african viewpoint. i felt that this could give me a clearer picture of one of the factors that had shaped the early black experience in the united states. before leaving for africa id spent months taking notes on the tribal groups and working with as much material on the griots as i could find. as i traveled i had a definite idea of where i wanted to go, but at the same time i had not planned the trip in anyway. ive always felt that to plan a trip too carefully is to make sure you wont find out anything you dont already know. i didnt know, however, how much the simple trip i had begun would change direction once id come to africa, almost as if it took on a life and a will of its own. i began to feel like someone who had bought a set of boxes that fit inside each other in a wooden nest. when i opened one there was another inside it, and inside that one was still another. i found so many boxes inside each other that the simple project i had begun with became a series of new perceptions, each of which was contained within the perception the box that id just opened. sometimes, as i sat on sagging beds engulfed in mosquito nets, the space around me seemed to be filled with the myriad boxes of different sizes that my notebooks and tapes had come to symbolize.