201_4529710_初中英语知识点总结大全详解(共10篇).doc

初中英语知识点总结大全详解(共10篇) ：知识点 详解 初中英语 大全 初中英语语法大全 四年级英语总结 大学英语总结 篇一：初中英语知识点总结归纳 初中英语知识点总结归纳 unit 1 一、知识点 1.check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。 check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.by: 通过.方式（途径）。例：i learn english by listening to tapes. 在.旁边。例：by the window/the door 乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car 在之前，到为止。例：by october在10月前 被例：english is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样 如何，通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为 什么，通常做宾语，主语。 how is your summer holiday? its ok.(how表示程度 做表语) how did you travel around the world? i travel by air.what do you learn at school? i learn english, math and many other subjects. whatthink of? howlike? whatdo with? howdeal with? whatlike about? howlike? whats the weather like today? hows the weather today? what to do? how to do it? e.g. what do you think of this book?=how do you like this book? i donit. what do you like about china?=how do you like china? i don （weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） what a fine / bad day it is today!（day为可数名词，其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 : 三个词都与大声或响亮有关。 aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: he read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级, 须放在动词之后。如: she told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: he does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 5. voice 指人的嗓音 也指鸟鸣。 sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。 noise 指噪音、吵闹声 6. find + 宾语 + 宾补（名词 形容词 介词短语 分词等） 例：i find him friendly.i found him working in the garden. we found him in bed. he found the window closed. we found her honest.7. 常见的系动词有： 是：am 、is、 are 保持：keep、 stay 转变：become、 get、 turn 起来 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound 8. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词 过去分词 动词不定式） 使某种情况发生 例：get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净 get mr. green to come. 让格林先生进来 i want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车 you cant get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着 9. 动词不定式做定语 与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系 the next train to arrive was from new york. he is always the first to come. 与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系 i have nothing to say. i need a pen to write with.i need some paper to write on. i dont have a room to live in. 10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说 又说 12. join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员 attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。 13.all、 both、 always以及every复合词与not连用构成部分否定。其完全否定为：all-none,both-neither, everything-nothing, everybody-nobody. 14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.害怕 be afraid of being alone be afraid to do sth.害怕 be afraid that恐怕担心，表示委婉语气 15.either：放在否定句末表示“也” 两者中的“任一” eitheror或者或者.引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则 16.complete完成，是个较正式的词，后不能接动名词 finish指日常事物的完成篇二：初中英语分年级知识点归纳及训练题(含答案) 初中英语分年级知识点归纳及训练题（含答案） 初一年级（上） 【知识梳理】 i. 重点短语 1. sit down2. on duty3. in english4. have a seat5. at home6. look like 7. look at8. have a look9. come on 10. at work 11. at school12. put on 13. look after 14. get up15. go shopping ii. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. what about?3. lets do sth.4. its time to do sth. 5. its time for ?6. whats? it is?/ its? 7. where is? its?. 8. how old are you? im?. 9. what class are you in? im in?.10. welcome to?. 11. whats ?plus? its?. 12. i think? 13. whos this? this is?. 14. what can you see？ i can see?. 15. there is (are) ?. 16. what colour is it (are they)? its (theyre)? 17. whose ?is this? its?.18. what time is it? its?. iii. 交际用语 1. good morning, miss/mr?. 2. hello! hi! 3. nice to meet you. nice to meet you, too. 4. how are you? im fine, thank you/thanks. and you? 5. see you. see you later. 6. thank you! youre welcome. 7. goodbye! bye! 8. whats your name? my name is ?. 9. here you are. this way, please. 10. whos on duty today? 11. lets do. 12. let me see. iv. 重要语法 1. 动词be的用法； 2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法； 3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法； 4. 冠词的基本用法； 5. there be句型的用法。 【名师讲解】 1. in/on 在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如： there is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。 there is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。 2. this/that/these/those (1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如： you look in this box and ill look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。 i want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。 take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。 this is mine; thats yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的。 these are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。 (2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如： this is mary speaking. whos that? 我是玛丽。你是谁？ 3. there be/ have there be 有，其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物。其结构是：there be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。there be 后面的名词实际上是主语，be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如： (1) there is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。 (2) there is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。 (3) there are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。 总之，there be结构强调的是一种客观存在的有。have表示拥有，占有，具有，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如： (4) i have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。 (5) that house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。 4. look/ see/ watch (1)look 表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如： look! the children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。 look! whats that over there? 看！那边那个是什么？ 单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如： hes looking at me。他正在看着我。 (2)see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如： what can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么？ look at the blackboard. what did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？ (3)watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如： yesterday we watched a football match on tv.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。 4. put on/ / in put on意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。 in 是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如： its cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。 he puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。 the woman in a white blouse is johns mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是john的妈妈。 5. house/ home/family house ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; home: “家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; family: “家庭“，“家庭成员”。例如：please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。 he is not at home. 他不在家。 my family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。 6. fine, nice, good, well 四者都可用作形容词表示好之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于： (1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的精细，形容人时表示的是身体健康，也 可以用来指天气晴朗。例如： your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。 that's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。 it's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。 (2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有美好，漂亮的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如： lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。 these coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。 nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。 it's very nice of you. 你真好。 (3)good形容人时指品德好，形容物时指质量好，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如： her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。 the red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。 (4)well只可用来形容人的身体好，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如： i'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好，谢谢。 my friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。 【考点扫描】 中考考点在本单元主要集中在： 1. 动词be的用法； 2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法； 3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法； 4. 冠词的基本用法； 5. there be句型的用法。 6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型； 7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。 考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。 【中考范例】 1. (2004年北京市中考试题) mary, please show _ your picture. a. my b. mine c. i d. me 【解析】答案：d。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语，空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。 2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题) _ orange on the desk is for you, mike.a. a b.an c. / d. the 【解析】答案：d。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子，所以用定冠词the。 3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题) -what _ the number of the girls in your class? -about twenty. a. is b. am c. are d. be 【解析】答案：a。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。the number作主语，应该是单数第三人称，动词be变为is。 4. (2004年陕西省中考试题) there _ a football match on tv this evening. a. will have b. is going to be c. has d. is going to have 【解析】答案：b。该题考查的是there be?句型和动词have用法区别。there be句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”，不能和动词have混在一起用。 【满分演练】 一. 单项填空 1. -what colour is the bike? -its _ orange. a. an b. a c. / d. the 2. that isnt her bag. its _. a. my b. i c. mine d. me 3. -oh, your kite is very nice. -_. a. thats right b. no, its not nice c. yes, it is d. thank you 4. the woman is sixty, but she _ young. a. is b. sees c. looks d. watches 5. its time _ lunch. lets go home. a. to b. in c. for d. on 6. -_ is your coat? -the black one. a. what b. where c. which d. how 7. -_ is the toy? -its on the bed. a. who b. where c. what d. whose 8. the shoes are too old. put _ over there. a. it b. they c. their d. them 9. excuse me. can you _ my watch, please? a. look b. look like c. look after d. look at 10. look _ the blackboard and listen _ the teacher. a. / /b. at; to c. after; / d. on; after 11. -whose dress is this? -its _. a. lucy b. lucys c. jim d. jims 12. the girl _ the purple coat is his sister. a. at b. in c. on d. with 13. there is a bird _ the tree. a. in b. on c. to d. of14. there are many _ in our school. a. woman teachersb. woman teacher c. women teacher d. women teachers 15. -is there a ball under the desk? -_. a. yes, it is b. yes, theres c. no, there isntd. no, there is 16. there _ some books and a pencil on the desk. a. am b. is c. are d. be 17. -let me help you. -_. a. youre welcome b. thanks very much c. dont worry d. yes, thanks 18. _ old man is _ english teacher. a. the; an b. an; an c. the; the d. a; a 19. -what _ five plus six? -its eleven. a. am b. is c. are d. / 20. -what _ you see in the picture? -i can see some flowers. a. must b. can c. are d. do 二. 完形填空 this is a picture of kats _1_. what can we _2_ in the picture? look _3_ it, please. the man _4_ the black coat is kates father, mr. green. the _5_ in the red sweater is mrs. green. they _6_ young. the baby is kate. the little boy is kates _7_, jim. _8_ the man behind mrs. green? oh, hes _9_ brother, mr. read. he _10_ young, too. 1. a. families b. family c. parents d. brothers 2. a. look b. do c. seed.put 3. a. at b. after c. ford. up 4. a. onb. ofc. in d. to 5. a. man b. girl c. womend. woman 6. a. areb. isc. look like d. looking 7. a. sister b. brother c. father d. aunt 8. a. whatsb. wheres c. whos d. how is 9. a. hisb. her c. ourd. their 10. a. looksb. amc. look d. very 三. 在b栏中找出a栏英语句子的正确答语 (a)(b) 1. how are you? a. i am in row 6. 2. can you spell it, please?b. fine, thank you. 3. how do you do?c. yes, b-o-o-k, book. 4. what row are you in? d. it is ten. 5. whats two plus eight? e. nice to meet you, too. 6. nice to meet you. f. i am 14. 7. how old are you? g. wang ping is. 8. whos not here?h. its here.篇三：初中英语总复习知识点归纳(基本全了) 初中英语总复习知识点归纳 冠词 a / an 的用法 a用于辅音音素前 a useful book,a university,a “u” once a week have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/ resthave a cold/ headache / fever /cough have a good timehave a tryin a hurry after a while keep a diary go for a walkin a minute in a wordin a short while an则用于元音音素前 an hour, an honest boy , an “a e f h i l m n o r s x” keep an eye on 定冠词the的用法： 1）特指双方都明白的人或物： give me the book. 2）上文提到过的人或事： -do you know the lady in blue? yes, she is a teacher of a university. 3）指世上独一物二的事物the sun ( sky / moon/ earth/ world/ nature/ universe ) 4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元; the lion is a wild animal.或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich /poor/ blind/ aged / living / impossible 5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very, same等前面：i live on the second floor. 6）用在表示身体部位的名词前： she caught me by the arm. 7）用在表示乐器和表方位的名词之前： she plays the piano violin guitar in the north of china 8）用在普通名词构成专有名词前： the people's republic of china the united states the great wall the summer palace 9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the greens are playing the piano. 10) in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening), in the middle (of), in the end, all the timeat the same timeon the whole, by the way, go to the cinema at he age of six at the beginning of the twenty-first centuryon the other side ofat the momentthe day after tomorrowthe day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country) in the dark, in the rain, 不用定冠词的情况 1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：china , europe 欧洲 lei feng 雷锋 2）物质名词和抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。 3）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词； childrens daymothers dayfathers day 4）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词； he is captain of the team. 5）在三餐、四季，球类运动、学科、娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如：have breakfast /supper / lunch，play basketball / football / volleyball / chess , in spring/summer/ autumn/ winter 6）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus/ train/ taxi/ bus/ ship7）day and night face to face side by side step by stepwatch tv at school / work / home at first/ last in danger in trouble on foot on duty on watch in bed on timein time go to schoolgo to work by taxi / bike at noon at night on tv at town 部分词组有无冠词的区别 in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院里 in front of 在-的前面in the front of 在-内部的前面 go to school 上学go to the school 到学校去 a number of = a lot of 许多，谓语动词用复数。 the number of -的数目，-的总数， 谓语动词用单数（第三人称单数） 名词：专有名词和普通名词（个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词） 可数名词的单数变复数一般情况加s 以s, x sh ch,等结尾的词加-es bus-buses watch-watches 以o 结尾的名词，无生命的加s，如： photo-photos piano-pianos 有生命的es，如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes 均可，如：zero-zeros / zeroes 以f或fe 结尾的名词，去f, fe 加ves，如：half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves wolf-wolves wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves （加s，如：belief-beliefs roof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs；）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y 为i，再加es baby-babies不规则：a. 单复数形式一样。sheep, deer, chinese, japanese. people, police, scissors, trousers b. 其他的。footfeet tooth-teeth childchildren mouse-mice man-men woman-women businessman -businessmen german-germans women doctors 集体名词: people, police,(一般表示一个整体，谓用复数) class, family, glasses 不可数名词： 常见的不可数名词有：information, news, room （空间）， work, work, weather, advice, bread , food, milk, tea, ice, glasses, meat a little, a bit of, some, much, a lot of, quite a lot of 常修饰不可数名词. 不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 如果用and连接两个不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。time and money are- a cup glass bottle box kilo group crowd class pair of two and a half kilos of = two kilos and a half of 名词所有格 在英语中有些名词可以加's来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book。名词所有格的规则如下： 1） 单数名词词尾加's，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加 's ，如the boy's bag，men's room childrens day mothers day fathers day 2） 若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加 ' ，如：teachers day ladies room twenty minutes walk 3） 凡不能加's的名词，都可以用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字; a picture of family; a map of china 4） 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店。5） 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示分别有；只有一个's，则表示'共有'。 john's and mary's room（两间） john and mary's room（一间） 6） 复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。 如：a month or two's absence 7）双重所有格 a friend of mine / hers / his / theirsa friend of marys mothers 代词 、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 imemyminemyselfyou youyouryourself (yourselves) hehimhishishimself sheherherhersherself itititsitsitselfweusouroursourselves theythemtheirtheirsthemselves 人称顺序you, he, she, i ; we, you, they 主格作主语；宾格作宾语，动词和介词之后通常作宾格；形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，通常放在名词之前；名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词，“of名词性物主代词”表示所属关系。a friend of mine我的一位朋友; teacher of hers 她的老师 代词it 的用法： 指代前面提到过的事物。 表天气。表距离。 指婴儿和不明身份的人。 -john, someone in your class phoned you this morning. -oh, who was it? 用作形式主语。 its kind / good / nice /clever /polite / foolish of sb. to do sth. its important / necessary / possible / easy / difficult for sb to do sth, its time to get up. its time for lunch. its ones turn to do it seems that it takes sb. some time to do sth. 用作形式宾语。find / think / feel + it +adj +to do sth it one 的区别 it 特指上文提到的同一对象，同一事物。 one同类而不同一。 that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。 反身代词 构成规则：一、二物主，三为宾。 运用：hurt/ teach/ wash / buy/ enjoy oneself by / help oneself (one selves) to - / look after oneself / say to oneself / come to oneself 、不定代词 little, a little, few, a few=several(some), some, any much, little， 几乎没有，表示否定意思，用以修饰不可数名词。 a little 一点点，表示肯定，用以修饰不可数名词。only a little 仅一点点.也可修饰形容词和副词。一点点，放在动词、动词宾语后。 few几乎没有，表示否定意思，用以修饰可数名词。 a few=several 几个， 一些，表示肯定意思，用以修饰可数名词。 some 一些，修饰可数名词，后跟复数形式名词或ones, 也可修饰不可数名词。在表示请求、委婉语气的疑问句和表示希望得到对方的肯定回答的问句中，常用some. could you give me some apples? any 一些，任何一些。 一般用于疑问句中或否定句中和if 引导的条件句中。 much 许多。修饰不可数名词，放在不可数名词前，可用a lot of 替换。 too much 太多的，用法相当于much ，放在不可数名词前。heath is very important to us. we should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of too much rich food. much too 太，用法相当于too, 放在形容词和副词前。keep quiet! its much too noisy here. more than 超过，多于。=over more or less 或多或少，差不多。=about at least 至少 a lot 许多，修饰动词。thanks a lot. a lot of = lots of 许多的，可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。 a number of 许多的,= many 只用于修饰复数形式名词，放在可数名词复数前。 every 用于三个或三个以上，着眼于整体。后可跟数词。词组有every ten minuets each 用于两个或两个以上，着眼于个体。词组有each of either 两个中任何一个 either -or both 两个都 both - and - both of - neither 两个中一个也没有e.g. -do you like talking with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone? -neither, i enjoy using qq. neither - nor - any 三个以上中任何一个 all三个以上中全部 none 三个以上中一个也没有。 none of -中没有一个，表示三个或以上数目的人或物中没有一个，表否定，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 others 表示“泛指”除自己外，别的人。some -, others - the other 表示两个中的另一个。one -, the other - the others 表示特指的另一些。another 后跟单数名词。表示泛指另一个人。后跟带数词的复数名词，表示“再，还要”的意思。 other 别的，另外的，一般后跟复数名词或ones , 在other 前可加some, many 或数词，表示“几个，一些别的” such a tall building such an exciting football match so many people each other相互，彼此，指两个或两个物时 。one another 相互，彼此，指三者或三者以上的彼此。one anothers 相互的，彼此的。 数词 表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。 一、基数词和序数词 1）基数词写法和读法： 百位与十位，用 and, 十位与个位，写时用“”先确定分节号，从右至左，每隔三位数是一个