2014届高考英语(大纲版)一轮复习配套课件：语法专项突破四动词和动词短语.ppt

四、动词和动词短语,本讲目录,1(2012高考天津卷)Parents and children should communicate more to _ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. Aopen Bnarrow Cwiden Dleave,考点一 动词词义辨析,解析：选B。考查动词词义的理解.A项open意为“开(放)”; B项narrow意为“使变狭窄，缩小”；C项widen意为“使变 宽，拓宽”；D项leave意为“离开”。句意为“父母和孩子应该多沟通交流，消除彼此之间的代沟，以便能够更好地理解彼此”。从关键信息词communicate more，the gap，understand.better等可推断出其前后逻辑关系应该是强调逐步变好，只有narrow能强调此意。故可知答案为B。,2(2012高考湖北卷)Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and_ every page of my draft. Aapproved Bquoted Cpolished Dfolded 解析：选C。考查动词词义辨析。approve意为“赞同;批准;认可”；quote意为“引用”；polish意为“修改，润色”；fold意为“折叠”。根据本题句意“最后，我要感谢我的导 师，他对我的论文提出了许多建议和意见，而且修改了我的论文草稿的每一页”可知答案为C.导师不可能是“同意”、“引用”或“折叠”，而应该是帮助学生“修改”论文，所以选C。,3(2012高考浙江卷)According to scientists，our mental abilities begin to _ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. Adiffer Bshrink Cfail Ddecline 解析：选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：据科学家称，在达到最高水平后，从27岁开始我们的脑力开始衰退。A选项表示“不同，有区别”；B选项表示“收缩，萎缩”；C选项表示“失败，没做成”；D选项表示“下降,减少,变弱”。,1adopt，attach，adapt，adjust (1)adopt vt.采取，采纳；收养，领养 (2)attach 把附(在上)；重视 attach much importance to.非常重视 (3)adapt vt.适应，adapt oneself to适应于 (4)adjust vt.适应，调整；adjust oneself to适应于 This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need，besides，it is not expensive at all. 这个桌子可以根据你需要的高度而调整，而且一点也不贵。,Having no children of their own they decided to adopt an orphan. 他们因没有亲生儿女，所以决定领养一个孤儿。 Parents attach much importance to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. 父母亲都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠。 2link，relate，connect，combine (1)link“连接，联系”，指将各个物体连接起来 (2)relate“联系”，指与某事或人有关联,(3)connect“连接”，指两物有形的连接，与link同义 (4)combine“(使)结合，(使)联系”，着重指两个或两个以上的事物为了共同目的而结合在一起，常指一些无形的事情 I dont understand how the two ideas relate. 我不明白这两个观点有什么关联。 In this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well. I cant agree more.Its great to have the two combined. 在如今这个时代，女人既可以有工作也可以生孩子。 我非常赞同，让这两件事相结合是非常好的。 The government was planning a new railway connecting Beijing and Shanghai. 政府当时正在规划一条连接北京和上海的新铁路。,1(2011高考福建卷)Born into a family with three brothers，David was _ to value the sense of sharing. Abrought up Bturned down Clooked after Dheld back 解析：选A。考查动词词组。句意：因为大卫出生于有三兄弟的家庭，因此养成了分享意识。bring up培养，使成长；turn down拒绝；look after照顾，照料；hold back阻碍。根据句意可知，正确答案为A项。,考点二 高频动词短语,2(2012高考四川卷)Its surprising that your brother _ Russian so quickly he hasnt lived there very long. Apicked up Blooked up Cput up Dmade up 解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。pick up意为“(偶然地、无意地)获得(收益、消息等)；学会(语言)”；look up意为“向上看”；put up意为“举起；建立；张贴”；make up意为“编造;化妆;弥补”。由surprising,Russian以及so quickly可知此处指学会了俄语，故选A项。句意：令人吃惊的是你的兄弟这么快就学会了俄语他并没有在那里住很久。,3(2012高考辽宁卷)Rod loves _ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again. Ataking apart Bgiving away Cmaking up Dturning off 解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。从put them together我们知道,Rod喜欢拆钟表。而take apart就是“拆开”的意思。句意：Rod喜欢拆钟表，然而他无法把钟表再安装起来。give away分发，捐赠，筋疲力尽；make up弥补，占据；turn off关闭。,1bring构成的短语： bring about引起，导致 bring back使想起 bring down降低 bring in赚得，引入，请做 bring up提出，养育，抚养，呕吐 2break构成的短语： break away (from)逃脱，脱离 break down (机器等)坏掉，(身体)垮掉，(计划、和谈等)失败 break in破门而入，插嘴,break into强行闯入，突然开始 break out (火灾、战争、疾病等)突然开始，爆发 break up解散，粉碎，绝交 3call构成的短语： call at拜访(某地) call on拜访(某人) call back回电话 call up打电话给，使回忆起 call for去(接)，需要，要求 call in召来 call off取消,4cut构成的短语： cut down砍倒，削减 cut in打断(谈话)，插嘴 cut off中断，断绝 cut up切碎 5come构成的短语： come about发生 come across偶遇 come to共计，达到；苏醒 come true变为现实 come up走上前；被提出 come up with提出 come into being形成,6get构成的短语： get about四处走动；传开 get across被理解；被传达 get away逃脱，设法离开 get down下来；记下 get off出发；下班 get together聚会 get through接通；通过 get down to开始认真干 get over克服 get along/on with进展；相处,7go构成的短语： go away离开 go back返回(某地) go by逝去；过去，经过 go on继续下去，上场，开始运行 go over检查，反复研究 go out熄灭 go up(价格等)上涨 go down(温度等)下降 go against违背；对不利 go ahead开始，进展，进行 go after/for追逐，追求,go without勉强维持；凑合 go in for爱好；参加；从事 go through通过；经历 go over复习；仔细审查 8give构成的短语： give up放弃 give in屈服 give out用尽；分发 give away泄露；赠送；颁发 give off发出 give back归还；使恢复,9make构成的短语： make up for补偿，弥补 make out辨认出 make fun of取笑 make up ones mind下定决心 make sense有道理(意义)，讲得通 make good/full use of.充分利用 make up编造；组成；构成；补齐，凑足 10put构成的短语： put aside把放在一边 put away把收好,put down放下；降落，着陆 put forward提出