英语国家社会与文化入门.ppt

AUSTRALIA,Land, People and History,Focal Points,AN OUTLINE The flag of Australia The Australian national anthem Australias coat of arms Australias official language Australias national day,THE LAND Australias location and size Geography/geology of Australia Australias climate,THE PEOPLE Life in Australia in general sense Australia as a multicultural society Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islander people migration to Australia services provided to facilitate the immigrant settlement acquisition of Australian citizenship,HISTORY,Aboriginal society before the European settlement The impact of the European settlement on the Aboriginal society The British colonization of Australia Exploration of the land by white settlers The expansion of the British settlement Early development of the colonys economy/agriculture Establishment of local governments/authorities/legislature Formation of the Commonwealth of Australia,The Aboriginal people,The first inhabitants of the continent. Before the arrival of the white settlers, they were the sole habitants on the continent. They lived on what they could get from hunting and gathering. The Aboriginal society was organized strictly by laws and observances handed down from the Dreamtime. Today the Aboriginal people are the most disadvantaged people in modern Australian society.,Australias postwar immigration program,This is a program initiated by the Australian government after the Second World War, in response to the labour shortage in the Australian postwar economy and the changes in world politics. As a result of this program, the Australian population has more than doubled since W.W.II. Immigrants were first drawn in from English-speaking and European countries. Later, migrants from non-English-speaking countries were taken in as well.,The flag of Australia,The flag of Australia consists of three parts: the Union Jack in the upper corner of the hoist is the symbol of Australias traditional link with Britain; the large seven-pointed star beneath it represents the six states and the territories; the Southern Cross, formed by the five stars on the right, is the dominant feature of the night sky in southern hemisphere.,Australian national anthem,God Save the Queen, the British national anthem used to be the Australian national anthem, as Australia has always been a member of the British Commonwealth. In 1984, Advance Australian Fair, a song revised from a 19th century patriotic song replaced God Save the Queen to be the Australian national anthem.,Australias coat of arms,It consists of a shield composed of six parts, each containing one of the state badges. These are surrounded by an ermine border, signifying the federation of the state into the Commonwealth. The shield is supported by two Australian animals, the kangaroo and the emu, standing on ornamental rests, behind which are small branches of wattle. The crest consists of the seven-pointed Commonwealth gold star, a symbol of national unity.,The Great Barrier Reef,It is the longest coral reef in the world. It is also an important marine ecosystem in which a lot of rare life forms live. It goes from southern Queensland to the Gulf of Papua.,Uluru,Located in the center of Australia, it is the largest monolith the the world. It is a holy place for the Aboriginal people living around it. Uluru is its Aboriginal name. It is also called Ayres Rock by the White settlers.,The Great Dividing Range,It extends from northern Queensland down to southern Tasmania, running almost parallel to the coast. It is named the Great Dividing Range because it is the dividing range of a lot of rivers in this area. It has different names in different parts of the country as it goes down into the south. The Blue Mountains and the Australia Alps are both parts of it.,Captain James Cook,A navigator of the British Royal Navy. He found and charted the eastern coast of Australia and took formal possession of the eastern part of the continent in the name of the King. His account of the voyage around the eastern part of Australia aroused interest in Britain and made later colonization possible.,Captain Arthur Phillip,Commander of the British fleet which shipped the first convicts and settlers to the colony. He was also the first governor of the colony.,The Commonwealth of Australia,It was formally formed by a federation of the six former colonies on Jan.1, 1901. It now has six states, three internal territories and seven external territories. It is the full name of Australia.,Torres Strait Islanders,The other indigenous people in Australia. They live mainly along the coast