2020版高考英语一轮复习Book1Unit1Lifestyles教案（含解析）北师大版.docx

Unit 1 Lifestyles基础知识默写(学生用书241244页)默写(一)1.mattervi.要紧，有重大关系2.supposevt.认为，猜想3.boredadj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的boringadj.没趣的；令人厌倦的4.stressn.压力stressfuladj.充满压力的，紧张的5.suffervi.遭受(痛苦)；感到疼痛sufferingn.痛苦，苦难6.organise/organizevt.组织organisation/organizationn.组织7.partner n.伙伴；合作者，搭档8.peaceful adj.平静的；和平的peacefullyadv.和平地9.relaxing adj.轻松的；令人放松的relaxedadj.放松的；自在的relaxvt.&vi.放松10.complain vi.抱怨；投诉complaintn.抱怨；投诉11.switch vt.转换，转变；打开(开关)12.remote adj.遥远的13.alarm n.警报，警告器alarmedadj.害怕的14.urgent adj.急迫的，紧急的urgencyn.紧急；催促urgev.力劝；催促15.expert n.专家adj.熟练的；内行的16.pressure n.压力pressn.新闻业，报界；出版社v.压；按17.social adj.社交的；社会的societyn.社会；交际18.switch on/off/over把开关打开/把关掉/转换频道，转变19.go off (铃、爆竹等)响20.take up占据；开始从事21.be filled with充满着22.suffer from忍受，遭受23.be fond of喜爱，喜欢24.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我总是随身携带我的手提电视，坐在石墙上看，小狗则在我身边绕圈。25.I am always the first person to get to the office.我总是第一个到达办公室的人。默写(二)1.prefervt.更喜欢；宁愿preferencen.偏爱，倾向2.standvt.忍耐，忍受3.volunteern.志愿者v.自愿提供；自愿voluntaryadj.自愿的；志愿的4.graduaten.&vi.毕业生；毕业graduationn.毕业；毕业典礼5.supportvt.&n.支持；支撑6.distancen.距离distantadj.遥远的7.reduce vt.减少；降低8.challenge n.&v.挑战9.design n.&vt.设计designern.设计者10.advertisement n.广告advertisev.(为)做广告11.crowded adj.拥挤的crowdn.人群，一伙人v.拥挤，挤满12.nearby adj.附近的adv.在附近13.otherwise adv.否则；另外14.forecast n.预报；预测15.classical adj.古典的16.formal adj.正式的，合礼仪的17.style n.风格，作风18.be free of免受；摆脱19.at the moment此刻，目前20.as a result结果21.come up with追上，赶上；想出，找到22.look forward to盼望，期望23.make a difference有影响；起作用24.Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。25.We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。基础知识夯实.语境填词1.Freddy did several jobs after his graduation(graduate) from high school.(2017全国)2.We are aiming to build a peaceful(peace) school.I think it is every students duty to work hard to achieve this goal.3.For many of them，its a way of meeting people and having a social(society) life.(2018全国)4.I live within walking distance(distant) of my office.I dont even need a bike.5.A great deal of money raised by the organisation(organise) has been donated to the school.6.The train was so crowded(crowd) that we had to stand.7.Its a science program on the origin of the universe.Ill give a presentation(present) on it in my class tomorrow.8.Many elderly people expressed a strong preference(prefer) to live in their own homes.9.I am writing to apply for being a volunteer(voluntary) of our school English association.(2018浙江)10.We all agree that it was a stressful(stress) time for all of us.11.Since his regular job was boring(bore)，I asked him why he just didnt do his sideline full-time.(2018浙江)12.In this box are some stem cells that are urgently(urgent) needed for a patient.13.He switched(转换) from a back seat to a front one so that he could see clearly.14.She complained(抱怨) that no one had been at the airport to meet her.15.Without his support(支持)，we wouldnt be where we are now.(2018北京).选词成篇I 1.am fond of music.When I 2. am free of homework，I prefer playing the guitar to playing the piano.3.Over the years，Ive improved it a lot.But whenever I 4. take up my piano，I always 5. look forward to your help.Could you 6. come up with some advice on how to improve my skills? Im sure it will 7. make a difference to me.go off，switch on，switch over，be filled with，suffer from，at the moment，be designed for，be bored withJamie is very busy 8.at the moment.In his opinion，our life 9.is filled with challenges and chances 10.are designed for those who work hard，so he would rather 11.suffer from being homesick.Every morning the moment his alarm clock 12.goes off，he gets up and starts to work hard.In his spare time，he either listens to soft music to relax himself or 13.switches on the TV to watch news.However，he seldom 14.switches over to watch TV series because he 15. is bored with them.完成句子1.While studying at university，he discovers the secret of how to create life.(while)还在上大学时，他就发现了怎样创造生命的秘密。2.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.(the first.to do sth. )(2018全国)他是赢得此奖项的第一位中国公民。3.Who do you think is the best student in our class？(do you think)你认为谁是我们班最优秀的学生？4.As a consequence，children become so reliant/dependent on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.(so.that.)结果，孩子们变得如此依赖他们的父母，以至于他们没有独立的想法或创意。5.Our English teacher wore the same coat that he did yesterday.(the same.that.)我们的英语老师穿着昨天的那件外套。1.“增加”“减少”对对碰(1)增加：increase，accumulate，rise，go up (2)减少：decrease，decline，reduce，fall，drop，go down2.“支持，拥护”串串记(1)support vt.支持，拥护(2)advocate vt.提倡，拥护(3)back vt.支持(4)stand by/for支持(5)in favour of支持，赞同(6)stand by支持3.“事儿”多多(1)matter事件，问题(2)incident事件，事变(3)business事情(4)affair事务，私事(5)issue问题，事情(6)event事件，大事4.“盼望，期望”表达种种(1)look forward to盼望，期望(2)be eager for/to do渴望，期待(3)be dying for/to do渴望/盼望(做)(4)long for/to do渴望/盼望(做)(5)hope for/to do希望/期待(做)5.“getdone”短语大全(1)get changed换衣服(2)get dressed穿好衣服(3)get hurt受伤(4)get arrested被捕(5)get lost迷路6.“beadj.of”短语集锦(1)be fond of喜爱，喜欢(2)be tired of对厌倦(3)be afraid of害怕(4)be aware of意识到，知道(5)be proud of为而自豪mattervi.要紧；有重大关系n.情况；事态；问题(1)It doesnt matter.没关系/不要紧。(2)as a matter of fact其实，事实上to make matters worse使情况更糟糕的是no matter疑问词无论Whats the matter with.？怎么了/出了什么问题？(1)As a matter of fact(实际上)，I have never been there before.(2)No matter what you say(无论你说什么)，I wont believe you.(3)To make matters worse(更糟的是)，Moth was diagnosed with a serious disease.(2018江苏)(4)同义句改写It doesnt matter to me what you do or where you go.It doesnt make any difference to me/It makes no difference to me what you do or where you go.易错点拨matter表示“麻烦，毛病”时，总是与定冠词连用，其用法相当于形容词wrong。思维发散表示“实际上；事实上”的词汇还有：in fact，in actual fact，in reality，in nature，in practice，in effect，actually等。(1)suppose sb. (to be).以为某人(是)be supposed to应该；理应be supposed to have done.本该做(但实际上未做)(2)I suppose so(not).我想是这样/不会的。(3)supposing conj.假如(1)同义句改写I supposed him to be(be) about forty.I supposed that he was about forty.(2)I suppose that he is quite in spirits at your success，isnt he？(完成反意疑问句)(3)I was thrilled！I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to meet(应该见面).(2018全国)(4)Supposing/Suppose(that) it rains(要是下雨的话)，can we play the match indoors?易错点拨(1)suppose和supposing一样，可用作连词，引导条件状语从句。suppose后不跟不定式(此时可改为宾语从句)。(2)I suppose that.后的反意疑问句与从句保持一致。(1)complain to sb. of/about向某人抱怨/诉说(2)complaint n.抱怨，怨言；不满，委屈make a complaint about投诉(1)She is always complaining about/of her job.(2)We received a lot of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.(3)Instead of doing the task happily，he wandered around there for hours，complaining(complain) to himself and doing a bad job.(2018山东德州二模)(4)同义句改写She complained that her work was too hard.(改为简单句)She complained of/about her work being too hard.易错点拨complain用作及物动词时，只能接that从句，不接名词或代词。switchv.转变；转换n.开关；转换switch off 关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源)switch on打开；开始运行switch over转变；转换；换台switch to切换到；转到(1)Switch over if you dont like the programme.(2)When I switched on the light，I found the room robbed.(3)Being bored of the present job，he wants to make a switch.(4)I parked the car and switched off the engine.(5)Then I became aware of an SUV coming up directly behind us at speed.At the last moment，it switched to the right-hand lane.(2018学海大联考高三模拟)(1)be/get bored with对厌烦(2)bore v.使厌烦；n.令人讨厌的人/事bore sb. with用使某人厌烦(3)boring adj.无聊的；令人厌烦的(1)Are you a bit bored with your nine-to-five routine？(2018安徽六安一中模拟)(2)However，some of the students soon began to get boring(bore) and dropped out of the club.(3)Jack was bored with/was tired of/was fed up with/was sick of(厌倦了) listening to the same music.句式升级(4)He was bored with that boring speech and left the lecture hall.(用形容词短语作状语改写)Bored with that boring speech，he left the lecture hall.(1)suffer from遭受折磨；患病(2)suffering n.受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难sufferer n.受害者；患者(1)用suffer，suffer from的正确形式填空It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.Drought continues to annoy many parts of China，with tens of thousands suffering water shortages and millions of others affected.句式升级(2)After they had suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)Having suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.易错点拨(1)suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。(2)suffer作及物动词，意思同experience(体验；经历)，其后可跟pain，hardship等词作宾语；suffer用作不及物动词时，常与from连用，意为“受之苦，患病”。(1)reduce (.) by.减少了reduce (from.) to.(从)减少到(2)sb. be reduced to (doing).某人沦为；某人陷入状态(3)reduction n.减少；降低(1)According to researchers，these young adults reported a notable increase in happiness and a significant reduction(reduce) in stress.(2018湖南岳阳模拟)(2)If you buy more than ten books，they will reduce the price by 10 percent.(3)He offered the painting to me at a reduced(reduce) price.(4)Eventually he was reduced to begging(沦为乞讨) on the streets.dietn.饮食；日常食物；节食vt.按规定进行饮食；节食be on a diet在进行规定饮食，在节食go on a diet节食，控制饮食a healthy/balanced diet健康/均衡的饮食put sb. on a diet使某人节食(1)You need to do some exercise and keep a balanced diet(保持均衡的饮食).(2)The doctor advised him to go on a diet(节食) to lose weight.(3)同义句改写No sugar in my coffee，please；I am dieting.No sugar in my coffee，please；I am on a diet.(1)prefer doing/to do.更喜欢做prefer sb. to do.更喜欢让某人做prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 与(做)相比更喜欢(做)prefer to do.rather than do.宁可做也不做(2)preference n.偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物have a preference for.偏爱(1)Rather than talk(talk) with his mother，he prefers to be(be) always on the phone，sleep，stay in his room or go out with his friends.(2)Unlike fast-food places，fine dining shops prefer customers to stay(stay) longer and spend.(2018江苏)(3)A teacher should not have a preference for any one of his pupils.(4)一句多译她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。She preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer.to.)She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(prefer.rather than.)She would rather go with us than stay behind.(would rather.than.)She would go with us rather than stay behind.(would.rather than.)standv.忍耐，忍受；站立；位于(某处)；经受n.态度，立场；货摊(1)stand doing/to do.容忍做(2)stand for代表；象征；支持；主张；(用于否定句)容忍stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持stand out突出stand up站立；站起来(1)The letters PLA stand for the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army.(2)How can you stand by and see such cruelty?(3)Her blue hair made her stand out in the crowd.(4)I cant stand working/to work(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.熟词生义选择句子中stand的汉语意思(5)Shes not intending to stand at the next election. A A.竞选；参选B.竖起放置C.承担责任challengen.挑战；难题；质疑vt.挑战；怀疑(1)meet/face/issue a challenge应对/面临/发起挑战(2)challenge sb. to (do) sth. 向某人挑战(做)某事(3)challenging adj.有挑战性的；有吸引力的challenged adj.受到挑战的(1)I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged(challenge).(2018全国)(2)Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging(challenge).(2018全国)(3)I challenged him to a game of tennis.熟词生义选择句子中challenge的汉语意思(4)I did not think he was right，so I challenged him. A A.质疑B.驳斥C.挑战supportv.支持；赞成；拥护；支撑；供养n.赞成；支持；拥护(1)support oneself自食其力support sb. in (doing) sth. 支持某人(做)某事(2)in support of支持；证明(3)supporter n.支持者；拥护者supportive adj.同情的；支持的；支援的(1)He is always supportive(support).Whenever she is in trouble，he is there for her.(2017天津)(2)Shes been supporting herself(自食其力) since she was 18 years old.(3)Only a few people spoke in support of(支持) the proposal.熟词生义选择句子中support的汉语意思(4)Can you give some examples to support your argument？ C A.支持B.供养C.证实designn.设计；图案；构思；打算；意图v.设计；构思；计划；制订(1)by designon purpose故意地(2)be designed as/for/to do(为某种特定目的)计划；设计(1)Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design？你认为这栋大楼被烧毁是意外事故，还是有人蓄意为之？(2)This course is designed as an introduction to the subject.这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而开设的。(3)The route was designed to relieve the heavy traffic. 这条路线是为了缓解繁忙的交通而设计的。句式升级(4)This building is designed for weddings and other celebrations and its beautiful.(用过去分词短语作定语改写)This building designed for weddings and other celebrations is beautiful.(1)solve a problem解决问题(2)solution n.解答；解决方法；谜底；溶液a solution to.的解决方案(1)The professor suggested the problem referred to (should) be solved(solve) at once.(2)Here is the perfect solution to all your difficult problems.句式升级(3)After the problem was solved，the student went home happily.(用with复合结构改写)With the problem solved，the student went home happily.熟词生义选择句子中solution的汉语意思(4)Prepare a weak sugar solution. B A.解决B.溶液C.答案otherwiseconj.否则；不然adv.用别的方法；其他方面(1)We didnt know his telephone number；otherwise we would have telephoned(telephone) him.(2)He is old and sick；otherwise he would be working(work) right now.(3)Up to now，the program has saved thousands of children who would otherwise have died(die).易错点拨otherwise用作连词时，可表示隐含的条件，可用于虚拟语气。go ahead前进；干吧；说吧go up上涨；上升；攀登；增加go against违反；违背；(决定、判决等)对不利go by流逝；根据决定go over检查，审查；复习，重温go without没有也行；没有而勉强应付go after追求；谋求；追赶；设法获得根据句意用go短语的正确形式填空(1)The fire alarm went off；I just grabbed my clothes and ran out.(2)As time went by，they realized the importance of health.(3)Though things went against Mary，she went on trying.(4)She left home in tears so I went after her.(5)Shall I open the window to let in some fresh air?Sure，go ahead.Its really hot here.take in收留；吸收；欺骗；领会take on雇用；呈现；承担take over接任；接替take off脱掉；起飞；成功take down写下；拆除写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思(1)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. 开始从事(2)This chapter takes up where the last one left off.继续(3)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.占据(4)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受(1)fill in/out填写fill.with.用填fill up填满(2)be full of装满to the full充分地in full完全地；完整地(1)For many，finding an unattended wallet filled(fill) with 400 in cash would be a source of temptation.(2018北京)(2)He went home，filled with/full of happiness(满是幸福).(3)Those who apply for the position are expected to fill in/out(填写) the application form.(4)He enjoyed life to the full(尽情地).(1)for a moment一会儿in a moment马上，立刻for the moment暂时；目前at any moment随时(2)the moment一就(连词，引导时间状语从句)(1)I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment.Im sorry，but he is not available at/for the moment，for the meeting hasnt ended.(2017天津)我想见怀特先生。我们已经约好了。很抱歉，但是此刻他没空，因为会议还没有结束。(2)The minute/The moment/The instant/As soon as I got home，I found I had left my jacket on the playground.一回到家，我就发现我把夹克落在操场上了。I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我总是随身携带我的手提电视，坐在石墙上看，小狗则在我身边绕圈。while用法较多，既可用作连词，也可用作名词。(1)表示“在期间；当时候”，指一段时间，引导时间状语从句；(2)表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；(3)表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；(4)表示“而，却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；(5)用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如after a while过了一会儿；once in a while偶尔，间或。写出下列句子中while的汉语意思(1)While I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.虽然；尽管(2)I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free while the third costs 30.而，却(3)He fell asleep while he was doing his homework.当的时候(4)While theres life theres hope.只要句式升级(5)I like playing football.He likes playing basketball.(改为并列句)I like playing football while he likes playing basketball.(6)Be careful while you are crossing the road.(改为省略句)Be careful while crossing the road.Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。so/such.that.引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”。(1)so.that.句型的常见形式：(2)such.that.句型的常见形式：(3)当so/such.that.中的so/such.放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。(1)He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤，以至于全身上下青一块、紫一块的。一句多译(2)他是如此聪明的一个男孩以至于我们都喜欢他。He is so clever a boy that we all like him.(so.that.)He is such a clever boy that we all like him.(such.that.)同义句改写(3)He has such an interesting book that we all want to read it.(改为倒装句)Such an interesting book doeshehavethat we all want to read it.We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。(1)the same (.) that意为“和一样”，定语从句中that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。(2)the same (.) as.意为“和一样，和相似”，定语从句中as所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。(1)This is the same iPhone 8 that I bought the other day.这是我前几天买的那部苹果8手机。(同一个)(2)She has the same fair hair and blue eyes as her mother has.她和她母亲一样有着金黄色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。(同一类).单句语法填空1.Pleasure reading levels for younger children remain largely the same，but the amount of time spent(spend) in reading each session has declined.(2018全国)2.As for crowds(crowd)，a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurants reputation，suggesting great food at fair prices.(2018江苏)3.Shes a great fan of classical(classic) music.Ill give her a ring after lunch.4.Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly(suppose) require users to be at least 13.(2018江苏)5.Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done.(2017全国)6.They pump out perfumes designed(design) to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.(2017全国