全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程听力 unit 3

UNIT 3Memory,PartA_1_a,Language Focus,Questions for Discussion,What is memory? How does it work? What is your earliest memory?How good is your memory? Are you good at remembering dates, telephone numbers, peoples names, facts for exams, books or jokes youve read and films youve seen? How important is a good memory in learning English?,Pre-listening Task,PartA_1_b,What makes us remember certain things but forget others?What methods do you use to remind yourself of past events?What do long-term memory and short-term memory mean? How can we improve our memory?,Language Focus,Pre-listening Task,PartA_1_demo_a,Language Focus,Pre-listening Task,PartA_1_demo_a,Language Focus,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Pre-listening Task,Language Focus,Here are some sentences and structures that you might find useful in discussing the above questions.,Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use / the process by which people store and retrieve information.Ive got a photographic memory / have a memory like a sieve / have a bad memory for dates, names, telephone numbers, etc.It suddenly escaped my mind. / Its on the tip of my tongue. / I just cant place it.,PartA_2,Language Focus,If I remember correctly, I think weve met before.He recited the poem from memory.To learn a foreign language well, a good memory is a must / an advantage.Everyone has a long-term memory and a short-term memory.A short-term memory is temporary, as it is stored for a very short time in the brain.,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Language Focus,Short-term memory is sometimes called working memory, which is a more general term for storage of temporary information. A good memory is something you were born with / is built up by frequent use. Peoples memory fails gradually as they get older.Memory is like a muscle the more it is used, the better it gets. The more it is neglected, the worse it gets.,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Language Focus,Whether you can remember things well or not depends on the way you try to remember them / how often you recall them.Dont try to memorize all the facts, but focus your attention on what you consider more important. There are many things you can do to help you recall past events, such as keeping a diary, buying postcards, taking photos and making video films. To stimulate your memory, try to use your memory to the utmost.,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Language Focus,Learning new skills could stimulate your brain / sharpen your memory.It is impossible to concentrate if you are tense or nervous. Try to relax and youll remember things. Associating facts with images / Visualizing images / Seeing figures with the “minds eye” is a very efficient way to memorize a large quantity of information. To have a good memory, we must allow the brain to have enough sleep and rest.,Pre-listening Task,PartB_1_a_1,recallmoveimage,Listening Tasks,to call to mind 回忆起an act of taking a chess piece from one square and putting it on another （棋子的）一步，一着n. a mental picture 脑海中的形象,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_1,adrenalineboost,a hormone discharged by the adrenal medulla (肾上腺髓质) upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress or fear, and acting to increase heart rate, blood pressure, etc. 肾上腺素v. to improve 改善,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_1,diverapart fromnow and again,a person who works underwater using special breathing equipment 潜水员 in addition to; besides 除外 occasionally; now and then 时而,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_2,Memory is critical to humans. Almost all of our daily activities talking, reading, working, socializing depend on our having learned and stored information about our environment. Memory allows us to retrieve events even though they happened in the distant past and makes it possible for us to learn new skills and to form habits. Without memory, life would become a series of disconnected experiences. There are three major types of memory: sensory memory, which is the recording of information through,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,1. Background information,PartB_1_a_2,our sensory system; short-term memory or working memory, which is temporary storing of information; and long-term memory, which refers to the storing of information for a longer period of time. For short-term memory to become permanent, it requires attention, repetition and associated ideas. If we are attentive and are actively involved in remembering something, and able to relate it to other ideas, our short-term memory will develop into long-term memory.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_2,2. some people in just the same way as different color eyes. The fact that some people have a better memory is as normal as that some people are taller or have different color eyes. The color of human eyes varies. Orientals usually have brown eyes, while Europeans may have blue or grayish eyes. Some people even have greenish eyes, like the heroine Scarlet OHara in Gone with the Wind.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_2,a game for two people, played on a chessboard. Each player has 16 pieces, including a king. Your aim is to move your pieces so that your opponents king cannot avoid being taken. Top chess players, such as the Russian player Vladimir Kramnik who played against the computer Deep Fritz, are known to have exceptionally good memories.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,3. chess,PartB_1_b_3,Listening Tasks,1.a. Learning a foreign language depends on a good memory.b. None of us can live without memory.c. Our memories are truly amazing.d. How well we remember things is affected by various factors.,Speaking Tasks,Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,2.a. A person with a poor memory lives forever in the present.b. We were either born with a good memory or not.c. Human beings have the potential to learn a foreign language.d. Illiterate people usually have a poor memory.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,3.a. A revisit to the place where you have learned something contributes to memory.b. Failing to understand a film indicates the beginning of the loss of memory.c. Top chess players tend to have better memories than the rest of us.d. People who are good at remembering images are poor at remembering names.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,4.a. Because these events involve danger.b. Because these events rarely happen to us and are likely to stay in our memory longer.c. Because these events produce chemicals that help us remember better. d. Because these events produce chemicals that stimulate our imagination.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,How Our Memory WorksFirstly, it is a fact that some people were born with better memories.Secondly, different things are kept in different parts of the brain. Ideas, words and numbers are stored in the left-hand side and images, sounds and smells in the right-hand side.,PartB_1_b_4,Listen to the passage again and fill in the following blanks with the missing information.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 1,Exercise 2,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_4,Thirdly, unusual experiences can produce chemicals such as adrenaline in our body which can boost memory. Fourthly, how well we remember something is also affected by the context in which we learn about it. Finally, the more often you recall a memory, the more likely you are to remember it. If you dont, youll lose it.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 1,Exercise 2,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_script,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,Exercise 2,PartB_2_a,A. Reflections on the text Youve just heard a passage about the importance of memory. Have you ever thought how important your memory is? And have you ever complained that you have a bad memory? Exchange views with your partner. You may mention the following points in your discussion. the importance of memory factors influencing how well ones memory works ways to improve ones memory,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Pair Work,PartB_2_b1,A Sample It is mentioned in the passage that exciting, frightening or dramatic events tend to leave a sharp impression on your memory. What is the most unforgettable experience in your life? Describe it to your partner.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,B. Describing an unforgettable experience,PartB_2_b1,Describe an event that was exciting, joyful, or profitable.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Now use the above sample as your model and describe an unforgettable event to your partner.,PartB_2_b1,winning a scholarshipbeing awarded the first prize in a speech contestbeing elected chairman of the student union of your universityyour college having won the first place in the Intercollegiate Basketball Championship,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Below are some ideas for your consideration and some words and expressions that you might find useful in your description.,PartB_2_b1,Its incredible / most fascinating / exhilarating / sensational / thrilling.Were all in high spirits.on top of the worldbeneficial / profitableunforgettable / impressiveHow marvelous it is to Im overjoyed to I cant contain myself for excitement.I cant believe ,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,PartB_1_b_script,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,PartB_1_b_script,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,PartB_1_b_3,1. a. It is not always true that the older you get, the less you remember.b. Memory problems are not really age-related. c. As we get older our memory mechanism is broken d. Memory loss is caused by lack of activity.,Test Your Listening,Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.,A Passage,PartB_1_b_3,2. a. Pay more attention to what we do.b. Give some meaning to everything we do.c. Memorize lists of items and where we have put them.d. Have a purpose in what we do.,Test Your Listening,PartB_1_b_3,3. a. Sleep less to keep the brain active.b. Eat more food containing glucose.c. Have more gatherings with friends.d. Exercise more.,Test Your Listening,PartB_1_b_script,Test Your Listening,PartD_1_a1,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_a2,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_b1,plummetbasementin two shakessuperthe fire departmentlaserTic-Tac,v. 垂直落下n. 地下层 立刻n. 管理员 消防队v. 激光除皱 美国一种糖果品牌,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_c,1. Why did the man make the call in the elevator?A. He hoped someone would come and open the door.B. He wanted the receiver to call for help.,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.,Exercise B,C. He asked the receiver to come to repair the elevator.D. He wanted the receiver to call their family.,PartD_1_c,2. What is known about the man in the white shirt and black vest? A. He had already been married. B. He was regretful of getting married. C. He was in love with someone. D. He was preparing for his wedding.,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_c,If you were in that elevator, list all the things you wanted to do after you were released.,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartB_1_b_script,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_b1,Look at these pictures and describe them one