汽车轴承清洗机电气控制系统设计.doc -- 6 元

汽车轴承清洗机电气控制系统设计指导老师田秀华专业机械制造及自动化（机械电子工程）班级机电081姓名王会颖学号0807060118摘要随着经济的快速发展，人民生活水平的提高，对汽车的需求也随之增长。2009年我国全年汽车产销量突破1300万辆，跃居全球第一位。虽然我国汽车产量很大，但距离真正的汽车强国还有很长的距离。发动机是汽车的关键总成，其生产制造工艺与国外相比亦有很大差距。然而，在影响轴承质量和寿命的诸多因素中，由于轴承安装过程中的不清洁而造成磨损或毁坏的情况占较大的比重。为此在发达国家，轴承在安装前有严格的清洗工序，对重要部位的轴承在各加工工序之间也进行清洗。进行各零部件的清洗，大大挺高了产品的质量。长期在零件清洗领域占据主导地位的ODS类清洗工艺由于由于破坏臭氧层而被禁用。随之，出现一些新型清洗工艺如氯代烃清洗剂、水基清洗剂和碳氢溶剂均有各自的缺点阻碍了国内清洗工业的发展。为此，针对零件清洗中的以上问题，本文对碳氢溶剂超声波及真空干燥工艺进行分析研究。本文的主要工作包括一下几方面1、对轴承零件国内外清洗行业现状进行了较为详尽的调查，对碳氢溶剂做了较为详尽的分析，并通过清洗对比试验分析温度、外加物理力和清洗时间等因素对碳氢清洗效果的影响。2、对超声波清洗原理进行分析，根据轴承零件的特点研究降低清洗液内部含气量的方法。同时，针对碳氢溶剂不易干燥且安全性较差的缺点研究分析真空干燥技术的可行性，并确定其真空干燥过程的真空工作压力在13.3KPa以下，加热温度为110℃左右。3、制定汽车轴承零件清洗工艺流程，依此设计开发了汽车轴承零件清洗机。在清洗机的研制过程中，根据碳氢溶剂的性质设计了真空系统对轴承零件进行蒸气清洗和真空干燥。同时，提高超声波作用的效果，设计了真空脱气装置。4、根据清洗机的控制要求，设计了PLC控制系统，编写PLC控制程序。对清洗机进行调试，确定其运行参数，保证清洗质量。研究工作证明，将碳氢溶剂与真空技术相结合可以更加充分发挥清洗优势。本文的研究成果已经用于生产实际，轴承零件清洗机比过去采用热风干燥工艺清洗机的清洗时间提高60以上。同时，本研究成果还可以推广应用到其他零件的清洗中。关健词清洗工艺汽车轴承零件碳氢真空干燥设计AbstractWiththerapideconomicdevelopment,peopleslivingstandardsimprove,demandforcarswillincrease.In2009Chinasannualautoproductionandsalesexceeded13million,rankingfirstintheworld.AlthoughmuchofChinasautooutput,butfromarealcarpowerisstillalongdistance.Theengineisthekeytocarassembly,anditsmanufacturingprocessisalsoabiggapcomparedwithforeigncountries.However,bearingininfluencingthequalityandlifeofmanyfactors,becausedirtybearingsduringinstallationordamagecausedbywearandtearaccountedforalargeproportionofcases.Tothisendinthedevelopedcountries,bearingpriortoinstallation,therearestrictcleaningprocess,theimportantpartsofthebearingbetweenthevariousmanufacturingprocessesforcleaning.Cleaningofvariousparts,greatlypriceyproductquality.LongdominatedthefieldofpartscleaningtypecleaningprocessduetotheODSdestructionoftheozonelayerduetobedisabled.Followingthis,somenewcleaningprocessessuchaschlorinatedhydrocarboncleaningagent,waterandhydrocarbonsolventbasedcleaningagentshavetheirownshortcomingshamperedthedevelopmentofthedomesticcleaningindustry.Forthispurpose,partscleaningintheaboveproblem,thispaper,hydrocarbonsolventandvacuumdryingprocessforultrasonicanalysis.Thismajorworkincludesaboutseveralaspects1,thebearingpartsofthecurrentsituationofthedomesticcleaningindustry,amoredetailedinvestigationofthehydrocarbonsolventtodoamoredetailedanalysisandcomparativetestanalysisbycleaningtemperature,plusthephysicalforceandcleaningtimeoncleaningeffectofthehydrocarbonimpact.2,theprincipleofultrasoniccleaningforanalysis,accordingtothecharacteristicsofthebearingpartscleaningfluidtoreducethegascontentinsidethemethod.Meanwhile,forthehydrocarbonsolventislessdryingandlesssecurityshortcomingsofresearchandanalysisofthefeasibilityofvacuumdryingandvacuumdryingprocesstodeterminetheworkingpressureinthevacuum13.3KPabelowtheheatingtemperatureof110℃orso.3,thedevelopmentofautomotivebearingpartscleaningprocess,sodesignanddevelopmentofthecarbearingpartswashingmachine.Washingmachineinthedevelopmentprocess,accordingtothenatureofhydrocarbonsolventsforvacuumsystemdesignforsteamcleaningofthebearingpartsandvacuumdrying.Atthesametime,improvetheeffectofultrasonic,vacuumdegassingdevicedesign.4,accordingtothewashingmachinecontrolrequirements,thedesignofthePLCcontrolsystem,PLCcontrolprogramwriting.Washingmachinefordebugging,todeterminetheoperatingparameterstoensurethequalityofcleaning.Researchshowsthatthehydrocarbonsolventandvacuumtechnologycombinedstrengthscanbemorefullycleaned.Thisresearchhasbeenusedforactualproduction,bearingpartswashingmachineusinghotairdryingprocessthaninthepastcleaningmachinecleaningtimeby60ormore.Atthesametime,theapplicationofresearchresultscanbeextendedtootherpartsofthecleaning.Keywordscleaningprocessautobearingpartshydrocarbonvacuumdryingdesign